Mumamva 'kuponyedwa kwachitsulo mwatsatanetsatane' ndipo nthawi yomweyo mumaganiza zololera zolimba, malo opanda cholakwika, mwina zida zamlengalenga. Ndiwo mayendedwe amalonda. Chowonadi chomwe chili pamalo oyambira ndikukambitsirana kosalekeza pakati pa geometry yabwino pamtundu wa CAD ndi fizikiki yolimba yachitsulo chosungunuka. Kulondola kwenikweni sikuli mu kuyeza kokha; ndikulosera momwe chitsulo cha 316L kapena low-alloy chidzachitira kuyambira pomwe chimachoka pa ladle mpaka itazizira mu shakeout. Anyamata ambiri ogula zinthu amakonzekera lipoti lomaliza, kusowa ndondomeko yonse yomwe imapangitsa kuti lipotilo litheke. Ndi pamene mtengo weniweni ndi mtengo wagona.
Masewera a Zipolopolo: Zoposa Nkhungu Yokha
Ambiri amagwirizanitsa kulondola ndi kuponya ndalama, ndondomeko yotayika ya sera. Ndizabwino kwambiri, koma pazigawo zingapo zachitsulo, makamaka zomwe zili ndi zovuta zochepera komanso kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yofunikira, kuponya nkhungu ndi chipolopolo ndichosavuta. M'mashopu ngati Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), komwe akhalapo kwazaka zopitilira makumi atatu, mukuwona kuti chisankhocho sichotsimikizika. Ndi zothandiza. Kupanga zipolopolo, pogwiritsa ntchito mchenga wokutidwa ndi utomoni, kumakupatsani mwayi wabwino kwambiri. Kukhazikika kwa nkhungu kumawongolera kupotoza bwino kuposa momwe ambiri amayembekezera, ndipo kutsirizira kwake kumatha kugunda Ra 12.5 μm kapena bwino ngati mutayendetsa magawo anu. Sikuti nthawi zonse zimakhala zomaliza bwino kwambiri, koma zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zobwerezabwereza za gawolo.
Mfungulo ili mu dongosolo. Chitsanzo chachitsulo chamtengo wapatali, chopangidwa mwangwiro, ndicho chiyambi chosakambitsirana. Cholakwika chilichonse apa chimafotokozedwa mochulukira. Ndawona mapulojekiti akulephera chifukwa wina adayesa kusunga pamtengo wapatani. Kukhuthala kwa chipolopolo sikufanananso - kumapangika bwino. Zigawo zokhuthala zomwe kutenthedwa kwa kutentha kudzakhala kwakukulu kwambiri panthawi yothira. Tsatanetsatane wotereyi imachokera ku zomwe zalembedwa, osati zolemba chabe. Mumaphunzira 'kuwerenga' chipolopolocho mutachotsa waxing, kuyang'ana ming'alu yobisika kapena madontho ofewa omwe amasonyeza kuti mtsogolomu zidzakwapula kapena kulowa kwachitsulo.
Zomwe zimakhala zovuta zimakhala ndi njira zamkati kapena ma cores. Kwa chitsulo, kuphatikiza pachimake mu chigoba kumafunika kukhudza kwa dokotala. Kuyika molakwika ndi theka la millimeter kungasinthe ndime yozizirira kukhala yopanda ntchito. Njira ya QSY yophatikizira ma CNC machining post-casting nthawi zambiri imapulumutsa magawowa. Amatha kupanga makina opangira, kukonza kusintha kwakung'ono, koma kapangidwe kake kuyenera kulola izi. Ndi zokambirana zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika ndondomeko yoyamba isanadulidwe: Kodi tingakwanitse kuti kusiya katundu wowonjezera kuti tigwiritse ntchito makina oyeretsa? Ndiwo kuganiza kophatikizana kopanga.
Zofunika ndi Zosintha Zosalankhula
Chitsulo sichitsulo chabe. Kuthira chitsulo cha carbon motsutsana ndi alloy-based alloy ngati Inconel 718 ndi chilengedwe chosiyana. Kulondola kwa kuponyedwa kumatengera kulimba kwa zinthuzo. Zinthu zochepetsera sizili zofananira. Mkono wosavuta wa lever mu CF8M wosapanga dzimbiri ungafunike chokwera kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa gawolo kuti mupewe kuchepa kwa porosity mu hub. Inu simukulingalira izi; mumaphunzira kuchokera mu kudula ndi kuyendera mazana a ma prototypes opereka nsembe.
Apa ndipamene maziko azaka 30 a maziko amafunikira. Iwo apanga laibulale yamaganizo, mtundu wa chidziwitso chachinsinsi. Amadziwa kuti mtundu wina wa duplex zosapanga dzimbiri umakonda 'kukoka' kwambiri pamakona akuthwanso, kumafuna fillet yokulirapo kuposa momwe wopanga angafune. Adzakankhira kumbuyo pa chojambula, kuti chisakhale chovuta, koma chifukwa akudziwa kuti kuthamangitsa malo osawoneka ngati akuponyedwa kungayambitse kung'ambika kotentha, kuchotsa gawolo. Kulondola kumatheka nthawi zina osatulutsa m'mphepete mwa zomwe zingatheke mwamwano.
Ma alloys apadera, monga cobalt kapena nickel-based omwe alembedwa mu mbiri ya QSY, onjezani wosanjikiza wina. Madzi awo ndi osiyana, nthawi zambiri amatsanuliridwa pa kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo amachitira zambiri ndi nkhungu. Dongosolo lanu lolowera ndi polowera limakhala lofunikira. Chikombole chosatuluka bwino chimayambitsa chipwirikiti, kutsekereza gasi ndikupanga zolakwika zapamtunda zomwe palibe makina angakonze. Kulondola kumatayika chitsulo chisanadzaze mokwanira.
CNC Handshake: Kumene Kuponyera Kumakumana ndi Zotsimikizika
Palibe ntchito yoyimitsa zitsulo yolondola kwambiri yomwe imayima pa shakeout. Monga-cast state ndi pre-form. Miyeso yotsimikizika imachokera ku makina a CNC. Uwu ndiye ulalo wofunikira. Chipinda chokhala ndi makina amkati, monga momwe mumawonera tsngtaocnc.com, ali ndi mwayi waukulu. Opanga makina ndi mainjiniya oyambira amalankhula chilankhulo chimodzi. Amagawana pansi chimodzimodzi.
Opaleshoni yoyamba nthawi zambiri imakhala kukhazikitsa datum. Momwe mungakhazikitsire kuponya kwaiwisi ndizo zonse. Muyenera kupeza malo omwe ali okhazikika komanso oyimira geometry ya gawolo. Nthawi zina, timatha kuponyamo mapepala ang'onoang'ono, operekera nsembe pankhope zosafunikira kuti tikhale ndi malo oyera, osinthika kuti agwire koyamba. Ndilo tsatanetsatane wodzichepetsa, koma imawonetsetsa kuti makina onse otsatirawa akutchulidwa molondola, kutseka mu mwatsatanetsatane zitsulo kuponyerakuthekera.
Ndimakumbukira thupi la hydraulic valve, chitsulo chochepa cha alloy. Bore la as-cast linali mkati mwa 1mm kukula kwake, koma malo enieni am'mphepete mwa madoko ambiri anali ovuta. Pokhala ndi makina a CNC m'nyumba, amatha kufufuza gawo loponyedwa, kusintha makina a makinawo pang'onopang'ono kuti alipire kusinthika kwa maziko, ndikugwirabe ntchito yeniyeni yosindikiza. Uku sikukonza zolakwika; zimalipira kusinthika kwachilengedwe, kovomerezeka kwa kachitidwe koponya kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zake zolondola. Ndi malingaliro athunthu pakupanga.
Zolephera Ndiwo Mabuku Ophunzitsa enieni
Mumaphunzira zambiri kuchokera pagulu lodulidwa kuposa magawo chikwi. M'mbuyomu, tinali ndi nyumba zopopera mu CA15 martensitic zosapanga dzimbiri. Miyeso yake inali yokongola, pamwamba pake inali yoyera. Anadutsa kuyendera koyamba. Koma poyesa kukakamiza, tinali ndi zotuluka pakhoma lowoneka ngati lolimba. Dulani lotseguka, ndipo panali makina atsitsi a micro-shrinkage, osawoneka kuchokera kunja. Wolakwa? Kutentha kothira kunali kokwezeka kwambiri, kuthamangitsa madzi abwinoko kuti mudzaze magawo ena opyapyala, koma kunasintha kukhazikika. Tinaziziritsa kutsanulira, kuchedwetsa, ndikuwonjezera kuzizira pang'ono, komweko ku khoma lamavutolo. Vuto lathetsedwa. Tsambali langonena kuti CA15, ASTM A743. Ilo silinanene momwe angawathire.
Kulephera kwina kwachikale ndikukonza mopitilira muyeso. Kasitomala kamodzi adafuna kuti malo osagwira ntchito apangidwe kuti afikire Ra 6.3 μm ndi kulolerana kwa ± 0.1mm. Zinali zodula mwa zakuthambo. Tinakangana kuti tipange makinawo, koma iwo anaumirira. Zokolola zinali zowopsa, mwina 30%. Potsirizira pake, atakwera mtengo, anavomera kutilola kuti tichite movutirapo ndi kumakina. Mtengo watsika ndi 60%, ndipo zokolola zidafika 98%. Phunziro: Kulondola kwenikweni ndiko kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera pakufunika koyenera. Osati malo aliwonse pa a mwatsatanetsatane zitsulo kuponyera ziyenera kuchitidwa molondola.
Pragmatic Supply Chain: Ndi Za Kusasinthika
Mukatulutsa zojambulidwa mwatsatanetsatane, makamaka kuchokera kwa mnzanu ngati QSY, sikuti mukungogula chinthu. Mukugula buku lawo lowongolera ndondomeko. Kusasinthika kwa dongosolo la magawo 500 ndikofunika kwambiri kuposa kukwanira kwathunthu kwa chitsanzo chimodzi. Kodi atha kukhala ndi kumaliza komweko pagawo 1 ndi gawo 500? Kodi lipoti lawo lazitsulo limasonyeza gulu lomwelo la chemistry pambuyo pa batch?
Izi zimachokera ku zinthu zazing'ono. Mchenga kubwezeretsa machitidwe. Zipika za kutentha kwa kutentha kulikonse. Madongosolo owerengera ma spectrometer. Webusaiti ya foundry imatha kulemba ma aloyi onse padziko lapansi, koma umboni uli muzolemba zomwe angapereke. Chinthu cholimbikitsa kwambiri chomwe wogulitsa angakuwonetseni kuti si chitsanzo chonyezimira; ndi tchati chowongoleredwa bwino, chodzaza nthawi zonse.
Pamapeto pake, kuponyedwa kwachitsulo mwatsatanetsatane ndi mlatho pakati pa zolinga zamapangidwe ndi zenizeni zenizeni. Simatsenga. Ndi chilango chaumisiri, chaukadaulo, komanso chidziwitso chakuya komwe kupambana kumayesedwa muzokolola zomwe zingabwerezedwe komanso chidaliro chabata kuti gawo lomwe likutuluka m'bokosi lotumizira lizigwira ntchito nthawi iliyonse. Makampani omwe amakhalapo, omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri pansi pa lamba wawo, amamvetsetsa kuti kulondola kuli mu dongosolo, osati panthawi ya kutsanulira.
