Anthu ambiri akamamva 'zigawo zopangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri,' amajambula chinthu chonyezimira komanso chopanda chilema. Ndicho chithunzi cha malonda. Zowona pamtunda woyambira ndikukambirana kosalekeza pakati pa zitsulo, geometry, ndi mtengo. Ukatswiri weniweni sikuti ungopangitsa kuti ziwoneke bwino - ndikulosera momwe chitsulo chidzayendera mu chipolopolo cha ceramic, pomwe shrinkage imatha kubisala, ndi giredi 316L iti yomwe ingakhale monga momwe yafotokozedwera pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha. Ndawonapo zojambula zambiri pomwe wopanga adatchulapo zoletsa zololera poganiza kuti zili ngati kukonza, osazindikira kuti njirayi ili ndi malamulo ake amasewera.
Masewera a Zipolopolo: Zoposa Nkhungu Yokha
Tiye tikambirane za chipolopolo. Ndiwo maziko a ndondomekoyi, ndipo kumene masitolo ambiri amadula ngodya. Chigoba choyenera sichimangoviikidwa matope ndi mchenga. Ndi za kuwerengera kosanjikiza, kukula kwa grit ya stucco, ndi malo owumitsa owongolera. Ndikukumbukira gulu la zida zina zam'madzi momwe tinali ndi chinyezi chadzidzidzi. Zipolopolozo zinkawoneka zowuma mpaka kukhudza, koma panthawi yomwe timatulutsa timadzi timakhala ndi ming'alu yaying'ono. Chotsatira? Kuwombera kosawoneka bwino pamapangidwe omwe adawonekera panthawi yoyezetsa kukakamiza. Kumeneko ndiko kulephera komwe simungawone ndi maso. Zinandiphunzitsa kulemekeza chipika chowongolera nyengo monga momwe malipoti a zitsulo amachitira.
Apa ndi pamene zinachitikira ndi zipangizo monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zoponyera ndalama kwa mankhwala mpope impellers kumakhala kovuta. Chipolopolocho chiyenera kupirira kutentha kwa kutentha kwa 17-4PH, komwe kumatsanuliridwa pa kutentha kosiyana ndikuchita mosiyana, kunena, 304. Chinsinsi cha chipolopolo cha generic chidzatsogolera ku inclusions kapena pamwamba. Mumamva kumverera - phokoso lomwe chipolopolocho limapanga pamene chikopa pazigawo zosiyanasiyana chimakuuzani zambiri kuposa mabuku ena.
Ndagwira ntchito ndi ogulitsa omwe amadzitamandira pakupanga zipolopolo. Ndibwino kuti mukhale osasinthasintha pamathamanga othamanga kwambiri. Koma pazigawo zovuta, zotsika kwambiri, monga mavavu odziyimira pawokha okhala ndi mayendedwe amkati, palibenso choloweza m'malo mwa katswiri waluso yemwe amalimbitsa pamanja malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi ma dips owonjezera. Ndilo lingaliro lomwe simupeza m'kabuku.
Zofunika Si Zolemba Zapadera
Kutchula CF8M kapena 316 zosapanga dzimbiri pajambula ndi chiyambi chabe. Mchitidwe wosungunula ndi chilichonse. Kwa dzimbiri zosagwira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zoponyera ndalama, makamaka pazantchito zam'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena zamankhwala, mumafunika kuwongolera zinthu monga kaboni, sulfure, ndi ferrite. Kupatuka pang'ono pamlingo kungapangitse kuponya kwabwino kwambiri kukhala maloto owopsa pambuyo pakuwotcherera kapena kukhudzana ndi ma chloride.
Tinali ndi pulojekiti kamodzi yopangira ma sensa m'malo ochotsa mchere. Zomwe zidalipo zinali muyezo 316. Tinapereka zomwe zidakwaniritsa mulingo wa ASTM. Iwo analephera m’munda mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi chifukwa cha dzimbiri la ming’alu. Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani? Mlingo wamba sunali wokwanira kwa chilengedwe chovutacho. Tinayenera kusinthira ku giredi ya super duplex ya batch yolowa m'malo. Tsopano, ndikaona chojambula, nthawi zonse ndimafunsa za malo enieni ogwirira ntchito, osati kungojambula zinthu.
Ichi ndi mphamvu ya maziko omwe amanyamula ma alloys osiyanasiyana. Sitolo yomwe imangokhala osapanga zosapanga dzimbiri ikhoza kuphonya izi. Malo ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zochitika zawo zolembedwa mu ma aloyi apadera monga zopangira faifi tambala, zikadakhala ndi ma protocol amphamvu kwambiri osungunuka komanso owongolera. Kugwira ntchito ndi ma alloys ovutawa kumapangitsa chilango chomwe chimapindulitsa ngakhale magiredi osapanga dzimbiri.
Chinyengo cha As-Cast Finish
Pali lingaliro lolakwika lomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kuyika ndalama kumapereka kumaliza kokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mawonekedwe a as-cast amatha kukhala abwino, nthawi zambiri kuzungulira 125 Ra, koma nthawi zambiri simalo omaliza. Malo aliwonse osindikizira, nkhope yokwerera, kapena mainchesi ofunikira amafunikira makina. Mtengo weniweni uli pafupi ndi ukonde-mawonekedwe. Mukuchepetsa nthawi yopangira makina komanso kuwononga zinthu.
Vutoli ndikupereka makina okwanira m'malo oyenera popanda kupanga kuponyera kolemera kwambiri kapena kupanga zovuta zamafuta panthawi yolimba. Ndapanga makina pomwe masheya anali osagwirizana kwambiri kotero kuti chidacho chidalankhula pagawo loyamba, ndikuwulula malo olimba pansi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza kuzizira kosasinthasintha m'chigawo chimenecho cha nkhungu. Ndi nkhani yoponya yomwe imawonekera mu gawo la makina, kusokoneza mzere pakati pa njira ziwirizo.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuphatikiza kwa kuponyera ndi makina a CNC pansi pa denga limodzi, monga momwe machitidwe a QSY akusonyezera, ndi mwayi waukulu. Gulu lopanga makina litha kubweza molunjika kumalo oyambira: Nthawi zonse timamenya molimba apa, kapena Flange iyi imasokonekera panthawi yokhomerera. The foundry ndiye amatha kusintha gating kapena njira yozizira. Imatembenuza chain chain kukhala lopu ya mayankho.
Pamene Kuvuta Kuluma Mmbuyo
Investment casting imagulitsidwa pakutha kwake kupanga mawonekedwe ovuta. Ndizowona, koma sizovuta zonse zomwe zimakhala zofanana. Zozama, zopapatiza zimakhala zovuta. Amatha kutchera slurry, zomwe zimatsogolera ku zipolopolo zophatikizika, kapena kuteteza chitsulo kuyenda bwino. Ndikukumbukira chigawo chomwe chimawoneka chokongola pa chitsanzo cha CAD - nyumba ya lattice mkati mwa nyumba. Wokongola. Koma zinali zoopsa za opanga zipolopolo. Chigawo cha ceramic chomwe chinali chofunikira chinali chosalimba kwambiri. Zokololazo zinali zoipa kwambiri.
Nthawi zina, kusuntha kwanzeru ndikosavuta kuyimba ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe amkati ovuta. Kapena gawani gawolo muzitsulo ziwiri kuti ziwotchedwe. Izi zimafuna mmbuyo ndi mmbuyo ndi wopanga, zomwe ogula ambiri samayembekezera. Amafuna fayilo ya CAD yotchulidwa momwe ilili. Chiyambi chabwino chidzayambitsa zokambiranazo, ngakhale zitakhala pachiwopsezo chotaya mawuwo. Imapulumutsa aliyense ku kulephera mpaka pamzere.
Zokambirana za Design-for-Manufacturability (DFM) ndizofunika kwambiri. Ndipamene mumawona ngati wogulitsa akungotenga maoda kapena bwenzi lenileni. Kampani yomwe ili ndi zaka 30 pakupanga ndi kupanga, monga QSY yotchulidwa, mwina yapanga upangiri uwu. Iwo awona zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi zomwe zimasweka, zachuma ndi zitsulo.
Mtengo weniweni: Zokolola ndi Mfumu
Mtengo wa mayunitsi pa kuponyedwa kulikonse ndi metric yachabechabe. Mtengo weniweni uli mu mtengo wonse wa polojekiti, womwe umayendetsedwa ndi zokolola. Mtengo wamtengo wotsika mtengo wokhala ndi zokolola za 50% chifukwa cha porosity kapena kupotoza ndi dzenje la ndalama. Mumalipira ndalama zotsalira, msonkhano wochedwetsedwa, ndi katundu wadzidzidzi wapaulendo kuti mulowe m'malo.
Kumanga odalirika zokolola mlingo kwa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zoponyera ndalama amachokera ku kulamulira mazana ang'onoang'ono zosinthika: kutentha jekeseni sera, nthawi yophika zipolopolo, kuthamanga kuthira, kapangidwe kake. Sizokongola. Ndi ma logbooks, ma chart control process, ndipo nthawi zina, intuition. Mumayamba kuzindikira fungo la chipolopolo chophikidwa bwino ndi chomwe chikugwirabe chinyezi.
Kupindula kwakukulu kumakhudzanso kulankhulana moona mtima. Woyambitsa akatswiri angakuuzeni ngati chinthucho chili pachiwopsezo chachikulu pakuchita kwawo. Ndikadamva kuti titha kuchita izi, koma timalimbikitsa kuwonjezera utali wa 0.5mm kuti muwonjezere kudzaza pagawo la mawu kuposa kumva kuti tili ndi 30% yamtengo wapatali pazomwe zidapangidwa. Kuwona mtima kumeneko, kobadwa kuchokera kwa zaka zambiri za ntchito, ndizomwe zimalekanitsa bwenzi laumisiri ndi wogulitsa katundu. Imasintha ndondomekoyi kuchoka ku bokosi lakuda kukhala ntchito yogwirizanitsa ntchito, komwe kuli phindu lenileni la ndalama zopangira ndalama.
