Mukamva 'chitsulo cha mchenga chosapanga dzimbiri,' maganizo ambiri amalumphira molunjika ku makina akuluakulu, ovuta kwambiri. Ndizowona, koma ndikosavuta kwambiri pantchitoyo. Nkhani yeniyeni sikungotsanulira zitsulo mu nkhungu yamchenga; ndi za kuyang'anira nkhondo pakati pa mphamvu zamadzimadzi, zitsulo, ndi kusawerengeka kwenikweni kwa mchenga. Lonjezo la gawo lovuta, losamva dzimbiri nthawi zonse limasemphana ndi zenizeni za shrinkage porosity, malire omaliza, komanso kulimbana kosatha ndi inclusions. Ndawonapo mapangidwe ambiri akubwera omwe ali abwino kwambiri popanga ndalama koma maloto owopsa amchenga, chifukwa chakuti kusiyana kwake sikukumveka patsogolo.
Mchenga Wokha Ndi Njira
Zimayamba ndi nkhungu, mwachiwonekere. Koma mchenga wobiriwira ndi mchenga wopangidwa ndi utomoni si kusankha chabe; ndikudzipereka kumagulu osiyanasiyana amavuto. Timagwiritsa ntchito ma furan osaphika ambiri pantchito yathu yosapanga dzimbiri m'sitolo. Kukhazikika kwa dimensional ndikwabwino kwa zigawo zazikulu, zolemetsa zomwe timakonda kuchita nazo, monga nyumba zapampu kapena ma valve. Koma kusinthanitsa ndi gassing. Ngati mpweya wolowera m'nyumbayo sunawonekere, kapena ngati kusakaniza kwa mchenga kwazimitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, mutha kutsika pang'onopang'ono pamalo oponyera omwe amawoneka bwino pambuyo pa kugwedeza koma amawonekera ngati zolakwika pakukonza. Ndi kulephera kochedwa, mtundu woyipitsitsa.
Ndiye pali khalidwe la kutentha la mchenga. Zosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka mndandanda wa 300 ngati 304 kapena 316, umathira pa kutentha kwakukulu ndipo umakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yolimba. Mchenga uyenera kupirira kutentha koteroko popanda kusweka mofulumira ndi kuchititsa kukokoloka, komanso osaumirira kotero kuti umalepheretsa kukangana ndi kung'amba ndi kutentha. Ndikuchita bwino. Ndikukumbukira gulu la ma valve a CF8M (316 ofanana) omwe tinkathamanga. Kuthamanga koyambirira kunali ndi misozi yotentha yokhazikika pamgwirizano pakati pa flange ndi thupi. Sitinayang'ane kumbuyo osati papatani kapena pachipata, koma ku chiŵerengero chamchenga chobwezeretsanso kukhala chokwera kwambiri. Mchengawo unali utataya mphamvu yake yolimba kwambiri ndipo unali kutenthetsa mosiyanasiyana. Kusakaniza kwa mchenga kwatsopano kunakonza. Ndi kuyanjana kwazinthu izi komwe mumangophunzira powotcha zotsalira.
Ndipo kubwezera ndi chirombo chake. Simungapitirize kubweza mchenga mpaka kalekale kuti mugwire ntchito yosapanga dzimbiri. Zilango zimamangika, chemistry yomangirira imawonongeka, ndipo mumayamba kutolera zophatikizika za silicate muzitsulo. Tili ndi malamulo okhwima oyesera LOI (Kutayika pa Ignition) ndikuwunika pazenera. Kulola kuti slide ndi njira yofulumira kupita ku khalidwe losagwirizana. Si ntchito yosangalatsa, kuyang'anira mchenga tsiku lonse, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale kukhulupirika komaliza kuposa chinthu china chilichonse.
Kupeza, Kudyetsa, ndi Nkhondo Yochepetsera
Aliyense amalankhula za pulogalamu yoyeserera tsopano, ndipo timaigwiritsa ntchito. Koma pakupanga mchenga wosapanga dzimbiri, ndi kalozera, osati uthenga wabwino. Pulogalamuyi imatha kukuwonetsani makina okwera omveka bwino, koma sangathe kuwerengera momwe chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimalimba. Imafuna kupanga khungu lolimba, lolumikizana koyambirira, lomwe limatha kupatula zitsulo zamadzimadzi mkati ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchepa kwa porosity mkatikati mwa chigawo chokhuthala. Kulakwitsa kwachikale ndikungowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera. Izi nthawi zambiri zimangopanga malo otentha kwambiri ndikusuntha chibowocho mozungulira.
Chinyengo, chophunziridwa kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri zotsanuliridwa, zogawanika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zozizira. Kuzizira kwachitsulo kwakunja ndi bwenzi lanu lapamtima polimbikitsa kulimba kolowera munjira yosapanga dzimbiri kuponya mchenga. Tidzawayika pa mabwana olemera kapena ma flanges kuti atulutse kutentha mwachangu, kukakamiza kutsogolo kolimba kubwerera kumbuyo kokwera. Koma muyenera kukhala olondola. Ngati kuzizira kuli kolemera kwambiri kapena kukhudzana kwambiri, kungayambitse ming'alu yowopsya kapena kusintha kwakukulu kwa microstructure pamalopo. Ndi luso logwira mtima - kudziwa kukula koyenera ndi kuyika kumabwera chifukwa chodula zolephera zanu ndikuwona komwe maukonde ocheperako adapangidwira.
Mapangidwe a gating ndi gawo lina lomwe malingaliro amakumana ndi malo ogulitsira. Mukufuna dongosolo lomwe limadzaza nkhungu mwachangu komanso movutikira kuti mupewe mistruns, koma osati chipwirikiti chomwe chimatsekereza nkhungu kapena kuwononga mchenga. Kwa zosapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi chizolowezi chopanga ma oxides, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito zosefera za ceramic muzolowera. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, kuyikako kumakhala kofunikira. Sefa yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi chipata imatha kuziziritsa chitsulo kwambiri; patali kwambiri, ndipo sizothandiza. Tidayimilira pamndandanda wothamanga, wopindika wokhala ndi manja osefera pazinthu zathu zazikulu. Izo sizinali zochokera mu bukhu lophunzirira; chinali chotsatira cha kubwereza mobwerezabwereza kwa kasitomala wa zida za m'madzi zomwe zimalephera kuwunika kwawo kwa radiographic.
Ma Nuances Opitilira 304 ndi 316
Zofunsa zambiri ndi za 304 kapena 316. Ndiwo mkate ndi batala. Koma zovuta zenizeni ndi ntchito yosangalatsa imabwera ndi magiredi awiri ngati 2205, kapena zinthu zamtundu wapamwamba. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Duplex choponyera mchenga ndi nyama yosiyana. Pamafunika kuzizira koyendetsedwa bwino kuti mukhalebe ndi gawo lokwanira la 50/50 austenite-ferrite. Uziziritsani pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kutentha, ndipo mumapeza ferrite yambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti musachite dzimbiri komanso kulimba. Tinayenera kupanga ndondomeko yoziziritsa ya mitu ya 2205 yothamanga, yokhudzana ndi nthawi zogwedezeka komanso nthawi zina ngakhale kukakamiza kuziziritsa kwa mpweya pamalo oponya pamene idakali mu nkhungu. Kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono ndikofunikira, koma maziko amayalidwa panthawi yolimba ndi kuzizira mumchenga.
Ndiye pali ma aloyi apadera. Tagwira ntchito ndi ma aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi tambala omwe amagwera pansi pa maambulera osapanga dzimbiri kuti zisawonongeke. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatsanuliridwa mu vacuum kapena pansi pachitetezo, koma pazinthu zina, kuponyedwa kwa mchenga koyendetsedwa bwino kumatchulidwa. The fluidity ndi yosiyana, shrinkage zinthu ndi osiyana, ndipo zochita ndi nkhungu zipangizo zimaonekera kwambiri. Zimakukakamizani kubwerera ku mfundo zoyambirira. Simungadalire machitidwe anu okhazikika. Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., ndi zochitika zawo zotchulidwa muzitsulo zapadera, angamvetse izi mozama. Si bizinesi yam'mbali; ndi chilango chosiyana kwambiri mkati mwa maziko. Mbiri yawo yayitali, monga tawonera patsamba lawo tsngtaocnc.com, pogwiritsira ntchito cobalt ndi nickel-based alloys zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri pogwira ntchito zoterezi mumchenga, osati kungoponya ndalama.
Apa ndipamene Integrated model a maziko ndi makina amkati, monga kukhazikitsidwa kwa QSY, zimakhala zomveka. Mumaponya gawo lalikulu la aloyi mumchenga. Zimakhala zosatheka kupeza gawo lililonse lofunikira kuti likhale labwino pamakina. Kukhala ndi gulu lopanga makina mu lupu lomwelo, kumvetsetsa kupotoza komwe kungachitike komanso kulandila kwa masheya, ndikofunikira kwambiri. Atha kupereka ndemanga ku gulu loyambira komwe angawonjezere katundu kapena pomwe vuto lapamwamba likuwonekera nthawi zonse. Imatseka loop yabwino m'njira yomwe malo ogulitsa makina amavutikira kuti akwaniritse.
The Finish Line Ndi Poyambira Basi
Shakeout ndi cutoff ndi pomwe nkhawa imakulirakulira. Mwadikirira maola ambiri kuti kuzizira kuzizire, ndipo tsopano mwawona. Chinthu choyamba chimene ife timachita si cheke cha dimensional; ndi yowoneka komanso yomveka. Mphete yowoneka bwino, yakuthwa kuchokera pampopi wopepuka wa nyundo ndi chizindikiro chabwino cha kumveka bwino. Phokoso losawoneka bwino limayatsa mabelu a alamu kuti achepetse mkati. Ndiye pakubwera akupera. Kugwira ntchito kosapanga dzimbiri kumaumitsa, kotero kupukuta zipata ndi zokwera ndi njira yosamala. Mufunika zida zakuthwa, zodzipereka komanso kukhudza pang'ono kuti mupewe kuyika zowononga kapena kupanga madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi kutentha omwe sangathe kuchotsedwa pambuyo pake.
Kuchiza kutentha sikungakambirane pamichenga yambiri yosapanga dzimbiri. Kwa austenitics, ndi njira yothetsera vutoli ndikuzimitsanso kusungunula ma carbides ndikubwezeretsa kukana kwa dzimbiri. Koma kudziletsa ndikovuta. Kuthimitsa madzi ndikofulumira komanso kothandiza koma kumatha kusokoneza kapena kusokoneza mawonekedwe ovuta. Kwa magawo okhuthala kapena mapangidwe ovuta, nthawi zambiri timasankha kuzimitsa mpweya mokakamiza kapena kuzimitsa polima. Zimachedwa, koma zimachepetsa nkhawa. Nthawi zonse mumayang'ana kuopsa kosokonekera motsutsana ndi chiwopsezo cha kusachita bwino kwa dzimbiri. Kufunsira kwa kasitomala kumapereka chisankho.
Pomaliza, umboni uli mu kuyesa. Pazigawo zofunika kwambiri, tikuchita PMI (Positive Material Identification), kuyesa kulowa mkati mwamadzi, komanso nthawi zambiri ma radiography. Uyu ndiye woweruza womaliza pazosankha zanu zonse mu zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mchenga kuponyera ndondomeko. Radiograph yoyera pa thupi la valve yolemetsa ndi kupambana kochepa. Zikutanthauza kuti mchenga unali wolondola, khomo linagwira ntchito, kuzizira kunayikidwa bwino, ndipo zitsulo zinali zoyera. Sizichitika kawirikawiri mwangozi. Ndi zotsatira za kulamulira zosinthika zana, zambiri zomwe siziwoneka mpaka nthawi yomwe mumatsanulira, ndipo zina zomwe zimangodziwonetsera okha patatha masiku angapo mu lipoti la mayeso.
Chifukwa Chake Idakali Yofunika?
M'zaka zotsogola zopangira ndalama komanso kusindikiza kwa 3D, kwakukulu zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri mchenga kuponyera imakhala yosasinthika pazinthu zina. Kuthekera kwakukulu - zigawo zolemera matani angapo - ndi chimodzi. Koma mochenjera kwambiri, ndiko kusinthasintha. Chitsanzo chikhoza kusinthidwa mofulumira komanso motsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi zida zolimba. Kwa otsika-pakatikati voliyumu amathamanga zigawo zikuluzikulu, kapena ma prototypes kumene muyenera kuyesa zitsulo zenizeni ndi misa ya chomaliza, kuponyera mchenga ndi njira yokhayo zothandiza.
Tsogolo, ndikuganiza, liri mu kuphatikiza ndondomeko ya sukulu yakale ndi kayendetsedwe ka sukulu zatsopano. Zowonjezera zamchenga zabwinoko, kuyang'anira kutentha panthawi yothira, komanso kuwunika kosawononga. Cholinga sikupangitsa kuti ziwoneke ngati njira ina; ndikupangitsa kuti mchenga ukhale wodziwikiratu komanso wodalirika pazolinga zake. Chovuta chachikulu-kuweta zitsulo zamadzimadzi mu nkhungu yophatikizika-chidzakhalapo nthawi zonse. Ndiwo luso lake.
Kotero pamene mukuyang'ana pa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zoponyera mchenga, musamangoyang'ana mndandanda wawo. Afunseni za deta yawo yoyendetsera mchenga. Funsani kuti muwone zitsanzo zokhala zazikulu kwambiri za zigawo zawo zolemera. Funsani momwe amachitira kuzirala kwa magiredi awiri. Mayankho angakuuzeni zambiri za kuthekera kwawo kuposa kabuku kalikonse. Ndizovuta, zovuta, komanso zochitika zakuthupi, ndipo masitolo abwino kwambiri amavomereza zovutazi m'malo mongonamizira kuti kulibe.
