Mumamva 'Stellite sleeve' ndipo mainjiniya ambiri nthawi yomweyo amaganiza 'zolimba, zosavala, zabwino panyengo yotentha'. Ndizowona, koma ndipamenenso kuphweka kumayambira. M'zaka zanga zomwe ndikufufuza ndikutchula zigawozi, makamaka pamiyendo yapampu ndi ma valve omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri, ndawona kusiyana pakati pa kufotokozera m'kabukhu ndi zenizeni zapansi. Sichinthu chongofuna kugula zinthu; kagwiridwe kake kamakhala ndi moyo kapena kufa ndi kusankha kwa kalasi ya aloyi, kukhulupirika koponyera, ndipo mofunikira, makina opangidwa pambuyo pake. Manja a Stellite 6 osamangika bwino amatha kulephera mwachangu kuposa chitsulo cha kaboni chokonzedwa bwino m'malo ena opweteka. Izi sizongopeka - ndi zomwe mumaphunzira mutatha kuthana ndi zolephera zingapo msanga ndikukumba mu 'chifukwa chiyani'.
Aloyi Si Nkhani Yonse
Stellite, banja la cobalt-chromium alloy ochokera ku Kennametal, amabwera m'makalasi. Stellite 6, 12, 21-iliyonse ili ndi niche yake. 6 ndiye wankhondo wanthawi zonse, wabwino pakuvala kophatikizana komanso dzimbiri. Koma nayi vuto lodziwika bwino: kutchula Stellite 6 pachilichonse chifukwa ndiyodziwika kwambiri. Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti ya pompu yopangira mankhwala yonyamula matope otentha, owopsa. Zomwe zimayambira zinali za manja a Stellite 6. Iwo anakhala pafupifupi 40% ya moyo ankayembekezera. Kusanthula kulephera kunawonetsa kusakwanira kolimba kwamphamvu pansi pa combo ya kutentha kwapadera. Kusinthira ku Stellite 12, yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ena a carbide, idakankhira moyo kumbuyo. Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani? Nkhono si manja a Stetellite; ndi a Stellite 12 kapena Chithunzi 21 manja. Kalasiyo imalamulira microstructure, ndipo imatsogolera moyo.
Apa ndipamene kuyanjana ndi maziko omwe amamvetsetsa zitsulo, osati kungoumba, ndikofunikira. Kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. zimabwera m'maganizo. Ndi mbiri yawo yazaka 30 mu chipolopolo ndi kuyika ndalama kwa ma aloyi apadera, amapeza izi. Simungangotsanulira zosakaniza izi ngati chitsulo chonyezimira. Mlingo wokhazikika, nkhungu - zonsezi zimakhudza kugawa kwa carbide. Stellite yosakanizidwa bwino imatha kukhala ndi magulu a carbide omwe amakhala malo oyambira ming'alu pansi pa njinga yamoto yotentha. Kuyang'ana kwa QSY pa cobalt ndi ma alloys opangidwa ndi nickel kumatanthauza kuti akhazikitsidwa kuti aziwongolera izi. Ndi masewera ampira osiyana ndi oponya zitsulo wamba.
The Machining ndi theka lina. Stellite ndi wankhanza pa zida. Zimagwira ntchito-zimawumitsa. Ngati wogulitsa makina anu akugwiritsa ntchito giredi yolakwika yoyika, kuthamanga kolakwika ndi ma feed, amatha kuyambitsa ming'alu yaying'ono kapena kusiya gawo lokhazikika. Mtundu uwu sunapangidwe kuyambira pachiyambi. Mapeto pa ID ndi OD, kukhazikika - zonse zimafunikira pakusokonekera kokwanira kwa atolankhani komanso mawonekedwe omaliza osindikizira. Kuponyedwa kwangwiro kumatha kuwonongeka mu gawo la CNC. Ichi ndichifukwa chake masitolo ophatikizika omwe amagwira ntchito zoponya komanso zolondola CNC makina pansi pa denga limodzi, monga QSY imachitira, nthawi zambiri imapereka magawo odalirika. Amayang'anira unyolo wonse wamtengo wapatali, kotero palibe kuloza chala pakati pa caster ndi makina a makina pakabuka vuto.
Kumene Manja Amalephera (Ndipo Nthawi zambiri Sizinthu)
Ndatulutsa manja ambiri olephera kuposa momwe ndimakumbukira. The classic kulephera mode ndi kuvala kwambiri, zedi. Koma yang'anani pafupi, ndipo gwero lake nthawi zambiri limakhala lolumikizana. Zinyalala zimalowa pakati pa manja a OD ndi bowo la nyumba, zomwe zimatsogolera ku kuvala kovutitsa. Kapena kusagwirizana kwa kukula kwa kutentha komwe kumapangitsa kuti manja alekeke pogwira ntchito. Mlandu umodzi wodziwika ndi a manja a stellate pa mpope wa chakudya cha boiler. Manja akewo adawoneka ochepa, koma pansi pake adachita dzimbiri. Kulepheraku kunali vuto la corrosion chifukwa mawonekedwe a press-fit sanali osindikizidwa bwino. Zida za manja zinali zopanda cholakwika, koma dongosolo lozungulira ilo linali ulalo wofooka.
Izi zimatsogolera ku malingaliro apangidwe. Makulidwe a khoma. Kuwonda kwambiri, ndipo kumapunduka panthawi yokakamiza kapena mu utumiki. Kukhuthala kwambiri, ndipo mukuwononga aloyi okwera mtengo ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo chotaya zolakwika. Pazofunikira kwambiri, nthawi zambiri tinkasuntha kuchoka pamanja wozungulira kupita ku wina wokhala ndi chopendekera pang'ono kapena polowera kwa pini yoletsa kuzungulira. Imawonjezera mtengo koma imathetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana. Ndi kusinthanitsa. Chojambulachi chimangonena kuti Sleeve ya Stellite, koma mdierekezi ali muzololera zamtundu ndi mawonekedwe zomwe sizikhala papepala lokhazikika.
Wina wothandiza mutu ndi kufufuza ndi nthawi yotsogolera. Simungangoyitanitsa izi pashelefu. Iwo ndi zigawo zopangidwira. Ngati njira za omwe akukugulitsirani sizinasinthidwe, kuyitanitsa mwachangu ndi nthano chabe. Ichi ndi chifukwa china chowonera kukhwima kwa opereka anu. Kampani yomwe ili ndi mbiri yayitali, monga QSY yomwe tatchulayi, nthawi zambiri imakhazikitsa njira ndi njira zowongolera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi zotsogola zidziwike. Kuyang'ana luso lawo mbiri pa https://www.tsingtaocnc.com zimakupatsirani chidziwitso chamitundu yawo-kuyambira kupanga nkhungu zowoneka bwino mpaka kuyika ndalama zomangika, zonse zothandizidwa ndi makina amkati. Kuphatikizika kumeneko ndi kuphatikiza kwakukulu pakukonza projekiti.
Kuvina kwa Machining: Kupeza Bwino
Tiyeni tibowole pa Machining, chifukwa ndipamene mtengo umawonjezeredwa kapena kuwonongedwa. Simungathe kupanga makina a Stellite ngati chitsulo. Lamulo loyamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe okhwima. Kulankhula kulikonse kudzasokoneza zoyika zanu zamtengo wapatali za carbide ndikuwononga mapeto ake. Nthawi zonse timafotokozera mphesa pomaliza pazisindikizo ngati n'kotheka. Zimapereka malo abwinoko, opondereza-kupsinjika. Kutembenuka kwa CNC ndikofikira ku mawonekedwe apafupi.
Kuziziritsa ndizovuta, ndipo sikumangozizira. Ndiko kuletsa wosanjikiza-oumitsa ntchito kuti asalowe kwambiri. Makina ozizirira othamanga kwambiri, okwera kwambiri omwe amayang'ana kumapeto kwenikweni sangakambirane. Ndawonapo mashopu akuyesera kuthawa ndi nkhungu yozizirira pang'ono, ndipo mbali zake nthawi zonse zimabwerera ndi zovuta - kusakhazikika kwapang'onopang'ono kapena kuwonongeka kwapamtunda komwe kumangowonekera mu NDT.
Toolpath strategy nayonso ndiyofunika. Kukwera mphero motsutsana ndi mphero wamba pamapita omaliza kungakhudze moyo wa zida ndi kukhulupirika kwapang'onopang'ono pankhope za flange. Katswiri wabwino wamakina, wodziwa bwino ma superalloys, amakhala ndi kachikwama kake kakang'ono kazamisala - zida zapadera, kuchuluka komwe kumafunikira pakudutsa komaliza. Mukapeza shopu yomwe ili ndi izi pansi, mumakhala nawo. Ndi chidziwitso cha mafuko monga momwe ziliri buku.
Mtengo motsutsana ndi Magwiridwe: Kuwerengera Kweniyeni
Inde, a Stellite manja ndi okwera mtengo. Zomwe zili mu cobalt zokha zimawona izi. Nkhani yabizinesi siyikukhudza mtengo wa mayunitsi; ndi za mtengo wathunthu wa umwini. Manja a $500 omwe amakhala kwa miyezi 24 muutumiki pomwe $150 440C yopanda banga amatha miyezi itatu ndi yopanda pake. Mtengo wa nthawi yochepetsera m'malo nthawi zambiri umakhala wotsika mtengo wagawolo. Kuwerengera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri pamene delta yogwira ntchito imakhala yaying'ono, tinene kuti 20% moyo wautali pamtengo wokwera 100%. Ndiye muli mu uinjiniya wodalirika komanso kuwunika kwachiwopsezo pakuzimitsa kosakonzekera.
Apa ndipamene njira zina zakuthupi zimayambira. Pazinthu zina zochepa kwambiri, ma aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi tambala monga zokutira za Inconel 625 kapena zokutira zapamwamba zadothi zitha kupikisana. Koma pophatikiza kuvala kwachitsulo ndi chitsulo, dzimbiri, ndi kutentha kwakukulu (ganizirani 500 ° C ndi pamwamba), Stellite, makamaka magiredi apamwamba a tungsten, akulamulirabe. Ndi njira yokhwima, koma osati yakale.
Pamene mukufufuza, sikuti mukungogula chunk ya alloy. Mukugula zowongolera zazitsulo za foundry, luso la makina, komanso kuthekera kwa ogulitsa kuti apereke gawo lokhazikika, lokonzekera kukhazikitsa. Ndiye phukusi. Kudumpha mwendo uliwonse wa chopondapo nthawi zambiri kumawononga ndalama zambiri pambuyo pake. Kuyang'ana zopereka zonse za ogulitsa, monga makina opangira ndi makina opangidwa kuchokera kwa katswiri monga QSY, nthawi zambiri amapereka chithunzi chokhazikika cha mtengo wake, ngakhale mawu oyambawo sakhala otsika kwambiri.
Malingaliro Omaliza: Kufotokozera Zopambana
Chifukwa chake, ndikadati ndilembe zamtundu wa Stellite lero, sichingakhale chinthu chamzere chokhala ndi ma callout. Itha kufotokoza giredi (Stellite 6, 12, etc.), kutchula ASTM kapena mulingo wa eni, kuyitanitsa njira yoperekera (kuponya ndalama komwe kumasankhidwa kuti pakhale ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuti muwonetsetse kachulukidwe), komanso kukhala ndi zolemba zatsatanetsatane pamakina omata, kulolerana kwa makina osindikizira, komanso mwinanso cholembera chowunika komaliza kwa zolakwika zapamtunda kudzera pa utoto. Ndizomwe zimasintha chovala cha generic kukhala chodalirika chopangidwa mwaluso.
Makampaniwa akupita ku njira zowonjezera zowonjezera, nazonso. M'malo mwa manja, nthawi zina ndi zokutira za Stellite zowotcherera molunjika pa shaft. Izi zimathetsa zovuta za mawonekedwe a press-fit koma zimabweretsa kusokonekera kwa kuwotcherera komanso nkhawa zokhudzidwa ndi kutentha. Ndi magulu osiyana a malonda. Sleeve imakhalabe mfumu yosinthika ndi kukonzanso.
Pamapeto pake, kugwira ntchito ndi manja a Stellite kumakuphunzitsani kulemekeza ndondomeko. Zinthu zake ndi zabwino kwambiri, koma simatsenga. Kuchita kwake kumapezedwa bwino m'mafakitale ndi malo ogulitsira makina. Ndicho chotengera chenicheni pambuyo pa zaka zonsezi. Mumasiya kuziwona ngati 'sleeve' ndikuyamba kuziwona ngati dongosolo lomwe umphumphu wake umamangidwa wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza, kuchokera pakusungunuka mpaka kumapeto kwa micron-level.
