Mukamva 'makina olondola kwambiri', anthu ambiri nthawi yomweyo amajambula chipinda chosasunthika, choyendetsedwa ndi kutentha chokhala ndi makina amitundu yambiri akung'ung'udza. Ndilo gawo lake, zedi, koma ndipamenenso malingaliro olakwika wamba amayambira. Sikuti amangotchula dzina la makinawo kapena malingaliro ake ongoyerekeza. Chovuta chenicheni, gawo lomwe limakupangitsani kugona usiku, ndikusunga kulekerera kwa micron osati pa chipika choyesera cha aluminiyamu, koma pagawo lolimba, losasunthika la Inconel 718 pambuyo pa chidutswa cha 30, pamene kutentha kwatenthedwa, kuvala kwa zida, ngakhale kutentha kwa chozizira kumayamba kunong'oneza m'makutu mwanu. Ndilo kusiyana pakati pa pepala lokhazikika ndi malo ogulitsira. Ndawona ntchito zambiri zikupunthwa pozitenga ngati 'kugula makina abwino kwambiri, pezani magawo abwino kwambiri'. Ndi dongosolo, mwambo, ndipo moona, pang'ono luso.
Maziko: Zimayambira Spindle Isanatembenuke
Simungathe kuyankhula Ultra precision Machining osayamba kuyankhula zomwe mukuyika mu makina. Apa ndipamene zaka zambiri zokumana nazo zakuthupi zimakhala zosakambitsirana. Timagwira ntchito ndi ma superalloys ambiri opangidwa ndi faifi tambala komanso cobalt pamalo athu. Awa si midadada yanu 304 yosapanga dzimbiri. Njira yopangira - kaya ndi nkhungu kapena kuyika ndalama zomwe timachita - zimakhazikitsa maziko. Kupsyinjika kwamkati, kapangidwe ka tirigu, ngakhale porosity yaying'ono kuchokera ku kuponyera kumatha kukhala zolakwika zowopsa mukamadutsa ma microns. Pulogalamu yabwino ya CNC ndiyopanda ntchito ngati chopandacho chili ndi mikangano yobisika yomwe imamasula pakati. Chifukwa chake, lamulo lathu loyamba ndikutenga njira yopangira makina ngati gawo lomaliza, lofunika kwambiri mu unyolo wautali. Zoyambira ndi makina ogulitsa sizingakhale ma silo; ayenera kulankhula chinenero chofanana cha mbiri ya kutentha ndi kuchepetsa nkhawa.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yomanga sensa nyumba ku Monel K-500. Zosindikizazo zimafuna kulolerana kowona kwa 0.005mm pamabowo akuya, ang'onoang'ono. Zowonetsera ndalamazo zinkawoneka zokongola. Koma m’nkhani yoyamba ija, tinayamba kutengeka mwapang’onopang’ono. Osati zambiri, koma zokwanira kuchotsa gawolo. Patatha masiku awiri akuthamangitsa makina a geometry ndi kutha kwa zida, tinabwereranso ku data yoponya. Nkhaniyi inali njira yothetsera vutoli. Zinali zosasinthasintha, koma kukonza panthawi ya kutentha kunapangitsa kuti pakhale kupanikizika kosawerengeka koma kosasinthasintha. Kukonzekera sikunali mu code CNC; chinali chosinthira ku kasinthidwe ka racking mu ng'anjo kusanachitike kuponya kunawona chida cha makina. Ndiko kuganiza kwadongosolo.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake mbiri ya kampani ili yofunika. Malo ogulitsira omwe amangogula mabilu pa alumali sangakumane ndi izi, kapena amatha milungu ingapo akukonza vuto lomwe sanapange. Njira yathu yophatikizika pa Mtengo wa QSY-Kugwiritsa ntchito zaka makumi atatu mukupanga ndi kupanga makina - kumatanthauza kuti timawongolera zosinthika zambiri kuyambira kusungunuka kupita patsogolo. Ndizocheperako kukonza zovuta komanso kupanga njira yopewera. Njira yopangira makina opangira valavu yachitsulo ya mchenga-cast ductile ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi kupatulapo kuti ipange gawo lopangira maopaleshoni achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ngakhale zili choncho. CNC makina center amayendetsa onse awiri.
Makina Ndiwongosewera; Njira ndi Director
Chabwino, ndiye kuti muli ndi chokhazikika, chopanda kanthu. Tsopano makina. Kutengeka nthawi zonse kumakhala pamtundu waposachedwa kwambiri, wachangu kwambiri, wolondola kwambiri. Ndipo osandilakwitsa, mphero yolondola kwambiri ya 5-axis yokhala ndi ma liniya motors ndi sub-micron mayankho ndizodabwitsa. Koma ndi chodabwitsa chaukali. Ntchito yeniyeni ili mu machitidwe owonjezera ndi kayendetsedwe ka chilengedwe. Maziko anu ndi ofunika kwambiri kuposa zolemba za kabukuka. Maziko a granite monolithic si chinthu chapamwamba; ndichofunika. Pansi yomwe imakhalapo iyenera kusinthidwa kuchokera ku kugwedezeka kozungulira - ma forklift, makina ena, ngakhale magalimoto akunja akhoza kukhala chifukwa.
Ndiye pali kutentha. Lamulo la chala chachikulu ndikuti kusintha kwa 1 ° C mu mita yachitsulo kumakhala pafupifupi ma microns 11.5 akukulitsa. Pamene mukugwira ntchito ku kulondola kwambiri mlingo, ndilo phiri. Timasunga envelopu ya ± 0.5 ° C mu cell yathu yolondola. Koma si mpweya wa chipinda. Kutentha kozizira kumayendetsedwa mwachangu. Spindle imatenthedwa ndi kuzungulira kwapadera kuti ifike pamlingo wa kutentha. Timasiya ngakhale zopangira kukhala mu cell kwa maola 24 kuti zisinthe. Sikuti mukungopanga zitsulo; mukuwongolera zenizeni zake zonse zotentha.
Kupanga zida ndi dzenje lina la akalulu. Mapeyala amtundu wa carbide sangadule, pun akufuna. Tikulankhula zokhala ndi zida za diamondi, zokhala ndi G2.5 kapena kuposa. Chida chowonetseratu sichinthu chabwino kukhala nacho; kuyesedwa kwake ndikofunikira kwambiri ngati CMM. Ndipo kubweza kwa zida sizochitika zomwe zakonzedwa; ndikuwunika kosalekeza, zenizeni zenizeni kutengera kuyang'anira katundu wa spindle ndi kusanthula kwapamwamba. Mumakulitsa kumverera kwa izo. Phokoso la odulidwa limasintha, pafupifupi mosadziwika bwino, manambala omwe ali pa polojekiti asanakuuzeni. Ndilo gawo la 'luso' - kudziwa nthawi yoti mukhulupirire sensa ndi nthawi yoti mukhulupirire matumbo anu, zomwe ndi zaka chabe zodziwika bwino.
Muyeso: Woweruza Wosakhululuka
Apa ndi pamene maloto amakumana ndi zenizeni. Mutha kukhulupirira momwe makina anu akuwonera zonse zomwe mukufuna, koma gawolo ndilabwino momwe mumatha kuyeza. Mu Ultra precision Machining, zida zanu za metrology ziyenera kukhala zolondola kwambiri kuposa zomwe mukufuna kupirira. CMM yokhala ndi kusatsimikizika kwa ma micron 1.5 ndiyosakwanira kukhala ndi ma 5-micron. Timadalira kwambiri zofananira ndi kuwala kwa laser ndi kupanga zoyesa ma geometries ofunikira monga malo enieni ndi mawonekedwe a pamwamba.
Chilengedwe chomwe ndatchula cha makina? Ndizowona kawiri pakuyeza. Chipinda cha CMM chili ndi zake, zowongolera zowotcha kwambiri. Mumagwira mbali ndi magulovu, osati kungochotsa mafuta, koma kuti muteteze kutentha kwa thupi lanu kuti zisawasokoneze pamiyeso ya mphindi 15. Ndawona pini ya 50mm m'mimba mwake ikulephera certification chifukwa woyang'anira adayigwira m'manja mwake kwanthawi yayitali isanayesedwe.
Mfundo zochepetsetsa kwambiri zimachokera ku kusagwirizana kwa miyeso. Tidakhala ndi magawo omwe kasitomala amakana kutengera zomwe ali mkati mwa CMM, pomwe athu adawawonetsa bwino. Patatha sabata yazovuta, tidazindikira chomwe chimayambitsa: ma aligorivimu osiyanasiyana pamapulogalamu awiri a CMM kuti akhazikitse mawonekedwe a datum. Onsewo anali olondola masamu, koma amatanthauzira dziko lenileni lopanda ungwiro mosiyana. Yankho lake linali kugwirizanitsa pa protocol yoyezera poyamba, gawo limodzi lisanadulidwe. Tsopano, pa ntchito zovuta, nthawi zambiri timagawana mapulani oyezera komanso kuwatengera. Kunasintha kusamvana kukhala mgwirizano.
Pamene Sichikugwira Ntchito: Phindu la Kulephera
Palibe amene amakonda kuyankhula za zidutswa, koma pokankhira malire olondola, mumaphunzira zambiri kuchokera ku kukanidwa kuposa kupambana. Kumayambiriro, tinayamba ntchito ku bungwe lofufuza lomwe likufuna magalasi amkuwa a beryllium okhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba kuposa 10Ra nanometers. Tinkaganiza kuti njira zathu zayitanitsidwa. Tinalephera. Mochititsa chidwi. Nkhaniyi inali yoopsa kwambiri, yoopsa, inafuna kuthandizidwa mwapadera, ndipo inali yovuta kwambiri. Zida zathu zokongola za diamondi zidadzaza nthawi yomweyo. Choziziritsa, chomwe chinali chofunikira pakuwongolera kutentha, chinasiya zotsalira zomwe zidawononga kumaliza pakuyeretsa.
Pulojekitiyi inali yofunika kwambiri. Sitinangotaya mtima. Tinayenera kubwerera ku mfundo zoyambirira. Tidamaliza kugwiritsa ntchito makina owuma (MQL) a gulu lazinthu zenizenizo ndikusintha zida zina za diamondi. Kupambanaku kudabwera chifukwa cholankhula ndi wopereka zida yemwe anali ndi luso pamakampani opanga kuwala, osati zazamlengalenga kapena zachipatala. Icho chinali chikumbutso kuti Ultra precision Machining si dera limodzi; Njira zopangira ma semiconductors, optics, ndi kupanga mawotchi zimatha kusinthana mungu. Phunziro lopweteka, lokwera mtengo likutidziwitsa momwe timafikira zida zonse zakunja, kuchokera ku ma aloyi apadera kupita ku mapulasitiki ochita bwino kwambiri.
The Human Factor in Digital process
Ndi nkhani zonsezi za automation ndi kuwongolera chilengedwe, ndikosavuta kuganiza kuti ntchito ya woyendetsayo yachepa. Ine ndingatsutsane nazo. Maluso amasintha, koma amakhala ovuta kwambiri. Wopanga mapulogalamu samangolemba G-code; akupanga chitsanzo cha kutentha m'mutu mwawo, kuyembekezera kupsinjika maganizo, kusankha osati njira yopangira zida koma njira ya kutentha. Wogwiritsa ntchito makinawo amakhala wocheperako komanso amawunikanso makina, kuyang'ana zizindikiro zosawoneka bwino - kusintha pang'ono kwa mawu ozizirira, kasinthasintha kakang'ono ka mtundu wa chip - zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti china chake chikuchoka.
Pa Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., kuzama uku ndizomwe mbiri yathu yazaka 30 ikunena. Ndi chidziwitso cha fuko chosonkhanitsidwa. Ndi katswiri wamakina wakale yemwe amatha kumvetsera kachitsuloko ndikunena kuti, Kutsogolo konyamula katundu kumamveka kopepuka, kusanachitike kuwunikira kugwedezeka kulikonse. Ndi mainjiniya wabwino yemwe amadziwa kuti zinthu zambiri, ngakhale mkati mwazinthu zina, zingafunike kuchepetsedwa ndi 5% pakudya kutengera kumva kwamatumbo kuchokera pantchito yofananira zaka zisanu zapitazo. Izi sizikulowa m'malo mwa sayansi ndi zikhulupiriro; ndi nzeru zaumunthu zomangidwa pa maziko a kupenya kozama, kobwerezabwereza. Inu simungakhoze kusintha izo. Mutha kuchikulitsa kudzera mu nthawi ndi chidaliro.
Chifukwa chake, tikayang'ana chojambula chovuta kwambiri - kunena kuti, choyikapo cha cobalt-chrome alloy orthopaedic chokhala ndi porous malo ophatikizira mafupa pafupi ndi mawonekedwe omalizidwa agalasi - sikuti tikungowona ma geometries ndi kulolerana. Tikuwona nkhani. Tikuwona mtengo wopangira ndalama womwe udzakulirapo, ntchito yosakhwima ya EDM kuti isiyanitse, chithandizo cha kutentha kwamitundu yambiri, ndipo pamapeto pake, chosavuta, chomaliza. Ultra precision Machining zodutsa zomwe zidzatanthauzira ntchito yake. Gawo lililonse limadziwitsa omaliza. Ndicho chenicheni kuseri kwa buzzword. Si ntchito imodzi yokha; ndi nzeru ya ulamuliro, kuchokera zopangira mpaka lipoti lomaliza kuyendera.
