Pamene mainjiniya amatchula a fakitale ya mipando ya valve, sikuti amangoyitanitsa gawo - akuteteza kukhazikika kwapakati pa mipiringidzo 350, kuvala kukana pambuyo pa kuzungulira kwa 10,000, ndi kusasinthasintha kwazitsulo pamayunitsi 500. Tawona mapulojekiti ambiri akuyimitsidwa chifukwa mpandowo udasokonekera pakuwotcha, kapena micro-porosity idayambitsa kutayikira kwanthawi yayitali m'ma hydraulic manifolds. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kulondola sikufuna kutsatsa-ndicho chofunikira cholowera.
Chifukwa chiyani "Valve Seat Factory" Ndi Nthawi Yosaka Yosocheretsa-Ndipo Zomwe Mukufunikira
Ogula ambiri amalemba "fakitale ya mipando ya valve" mu Google akuyembekeza kupanga makiyi. Koma pochita bwino, kuchita bwino kumatengera kuthekera kosagwirizana ndi zinthu zitatu: luso lazinthu, kukhulupirika kwa geometric, ndi kutsata njira. Wokondedwa weniweni ayenera kugwiritsira ntchito AMS 5387 cobalt alloy-osati makina okha, koma kuponyera ndi dendritic spacing, ndiyeno kumaliza kusindikiza pamwamba pa ± 0.005 mm TIR ndikusunga kupanikizika kotsalira. Tapereka mipando yoposa 12,000 ya ma valve pamapampu a pistoni othamanga kwambiri kuyambira 2019. Gulu lililonse limakhala ndi kutsata kwathunthu kwa kutentha, CMM lipoti la ma diameter ovuta, ndi kutsimikizira kuuma kwa pamwamba pa Ra ≤ 0.4 µm pankhope zosindikiza.
Zowona Zinayi Zaukadaulo Ogulitsa Ambiri Sadzaulula
Choyamba, ma aloyi a cobalt-nickel amafuna kuphatikizika kwa makina opangira makina. Mipando yoponyera mchenga nthawi zambiri imafuna 40% kuchotsa katundu-yochuluka kwambiri pazida zokhazikika. Timagwiritsa ntchito zoyika za carbide zokhala ndi zokutira za PVD TiAlN ndi mitengo yosinthira yomwe imatsika kuchokera ku 120 mm/mphindi kufika ku 35 mm/mphindi tikawoloka malo okhudzidwa ndi kutentha pafupi ndi nkhope ya mpando.
Chachiwiri, kutanthauzira kwa GD&T kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito. Mpando wotchulidwa ndi Ø0.015 mm wololerana ndi woyendetsa ndege? Izi zimafuna kuyanjanitsa kwapakatikati-osati kuwunika komaliza. Timatsimikizira maubale a datum tisanalandire chithandizo chomaliza, osati pambuyo pake.
Chachitatu, kukhulupirika kwa pamwamba kumangotengera roughness yokha. Timayesa mazenera olimba aang'ono pampando wapampando (HV300–HV420) ndikuchita kuyezetsa kolowera kwa fulorosenti pamaere onse—osati zitsanzo chabe—kuti tigwire ma discontinuities osawoneka ndi CMM.
Chachinayi, chiphaso chazinthu chilibe tanthauzo popanda mgwirizano ndi othandizira. Timagwirizanitsa ma billet aiwisi ndi othandizira athu a cobalt alloy ku Germany, kulamula ASTM E112 kupereka lipoti la kukula kwambewu ndikutsimikizira kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa ASTM G28A.
Zomwe Zimasiyanitsa Wopanga Mpando Wokhazikika wa Valve
Sizokhudza kukhala ndi makina a CNC. Ndizokhudza kuwongolera zomwe zimachitika pakati pawo:
- Kuwongolera koponya: Kuponyera ndalama kwa ma geometries ovuta (mwachitsanzo, zipsepse zozizira zophatikizika), kuponyera mchenga pamipando yayikulu-zonse ndikuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni yotentha panthawi yolimba
- Machining chilango: Multi-axis kutsirizitsa kwa malo osindikizira a conical pogwiritsa ntchito matebulo ozungulira okhala ndi ± 1 arc-sekondi yobwerezabwereza, osati mphero ya 3-axis
- Kuphatikiza chithandizo cha kutentha: Kuchepetsa kupsinjika pa 950 ° C ndi argon backfill, kutsatiridwa ndi kuziziritsa koyendetsedwa pa 15 ° C / ola kuti tipewe mapangidwe a sigma mu ma alloys a cobalt
- Kumaliza kutsimikizira: Kujambula kwapamtunda wapamtunda kudzera pa interferometry yoyera-osati profilometer imadutsa-kutsimikizira chiŵerengero cha dera (Abbott curve) imakwaniritsa zofunikira za hydraulic chisindikizo
Timakana 6.2% ya ma billets omwe akubwera a cobalt alloy kutengera kuyesa kwa akupanga kokha. Kumeneko sikungotaya—ndiko kuletsa kulephera kwa m’munda.
Kusankha Mnzanu Wapampando Wavavu: Macheke Atatu Otheka
Musanasaine NDA, funsani izi-ndiye onetsetsani:
- Funsani malipoti atatu omaliza a CMM a geometry yapampando yofanana. Fananizani zenizeni motsutsana ndi mwadzina pa nkhope yosindikiza, m'mimba mwake ya woyendetsa, ndi maonekedwe a backface perpendicularity. Ngati amangogawana zidziwitso zachidule, chokanipo.
- Funsani mawonekedwe awo a lipoti la mayeso azinthu (MTR).. Kufufuza kwenikweni kumatanthauza kuti kutentha kulikonse kumalumikizana ndi kusanthula kwamankhwala, zotsatira zolimba, ndi zithunzi za microstructure - osati nambala ya satifiketi.
- Onaninso luso lawo la GD&T. Kodi amatsimikizira kulolerana kwamagulu? Kodi amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe apansi mkati mwa 0.008 mm kudutsa 120 ° arc? Ngati yankho lawo likukhudza "tiyesa," sanachitepo kale.
QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. imagwira ntchito motere tsiku ndi tsiku - osati monga momwe zimakhalira, koma ngati njira yokhazikika. Malo awo ogwirizana ndi ISO ku Qingdao amasamalira chilichonse kuyambira pa AMS 5387 cobalt alloy nozzles mpaka pamaziko achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, okhala ndi zolemba zonse kuchokera ku risiti yazinthu zopangira kudzera pakuyesa komaliza kogwira ntchito.
Lingaliro Lomaliza: Kulondola Kumayesedwa Popewa Kulephera
Mpando wa valve womwe umatuluka pa bar 200 sichimawononga $ 87 mu zidutswa. Zimawononga $ 12,000 panthawi yopuma pobowola m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Zimawononga $ 220,000 paziwongolero zachitetezo pamagalimoto aukadaulo. Zimawononga mbiri-pamene wogwiritsa ntchito kasitomala amadzudzula mtundu wa * * * wanu chifukwa chakulephera.
Ufulu fakitale ya mipando ya valve imachotsa zosinthazo chipu choyamba chisanawuluke. Iwo samangokumana ndi zowunikira-amayembekezera momwe kukulitsira kutentha, nyundo yamadzimadzi, ndi kukweza kwa cyclic kudzalumikizana ndi geometry yawo ndi microstructure. Izo sizikupanga. Ndiko kusamutsa kwachiwopsezo-kwachita bwino.
