Anthu ambiri akamva 'mpando wa valve', amajambula chitsulo chosavuta, chooneka ngati donati. Ndiko kulakwitsa koyamba. M'malo mwake, ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, opereka nsembe m'chipinda choyaka moto ndi kutentha komanso kupanikizika. Vuto lenileni sikungopanga chimodzi; zikupanga wina amene amapulumuka ku gehena yeniyeni yomwe anaikonzera. Ndawona zolephera zambiri zomwe zidatsatiridwa ndikuzitenga ngati gawo lazachuma.
Conundrum Yazinthu: Sizitsulo Zake
Simungangosankha chinthu kuchokera pa tchati chodziwika. A mpando wa valve pakuti kompresa ya gasi imayang'anizana ndi mdani wosiyana kwambiri ndi yemwe ali mu injini yamafuta othamanga kwambiri. Mpando wa compressor wa gasi umalimbana ndi gasi wowuma wosalekeza, wothamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mavalidwe apadera omwe tinkatcha kuti guttering. Apa, chitsulo cholimba chikhoza kungosweka pansi pa kukhudzidwa kosalekeza. Tinaphunzira izi movutirapo pazachuma zaka zapitazo.
Ndipamene zinachitikira maziko ngati Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) amakhala chogwirika. Ndi zaka makumi atatu akuponya ndi kupanga makina, samangogulitsa zosakaniza; amamvetsetsa zochitika. Ntchito yawo yokhala ndi ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt komanso nickel si yamaphunziro. Pantchito zovutirapo—lingalirani za injini zamafakitale zamafuta olemera kapena mpikisano wothamanga kwambiri—ma aloyi apaderawa si chinthu chapamwamba; iwo ndi njira yokhayo. Opangidwa ndi cobalt, ndi kutentha kwawo komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, amadzilowetsa mumutu wa silinda, kupanga mgwirizano wokhalitsa womwe umalimbana ndi kugwa kwachuma ngati china chilichonse.
Cholakwika ndikutchula chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndikuchitcha tsiku. giredi iti? 440C imapereka kukana kwakukulu kovala koma yang'anani kulimba kwake pakutentha kwambiri. Mipando ya inconel ndi yabwino kwa mavavu otulutsa mpweya pamapulogalamu a turbocharged, koma mtengo wamakina ndi chinthu chenicheni. Ndiko kusinthanitsa kosalekeza: mtengo, machinability, matenthedwe matenthedwe, ndi kuuma. Palibe yankho lililonse.
Kupanga: Kumene Chiphunzitso Chimakumana ndi Lathe
Ngakhale ndi alloy wangwiro, ntchitoyo yatha. Njira yopangira imadalira ntchito. Ndine wokhulupirira kwambiri pakupanga kophatikizana kwazinthu zofunikira monga izi. Kuponya nkhungu kapena kuyika ndalama kuchokera kwa katswiri ngati QSY kumapereka chiyambi chachikulu. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa mumapeza gawo lokhala ndi zowoneka ngati ukonde lomwe lili ndi tirigu wapamwamba kwambiri komanso kuchulukana kwazinthu kuyerekeza ndi gawo lopangidwa kuchokera ku generic bar stock. Za a mpando wa valve, umphumphu wamkati ndiwo chirichonse-palibe porosity yobisika yololedwa.
Ndiye pakubwera makina. Apa ndi pamene kulondola kumalekanitsa mpando wabwino ndi wolephera. Kukhazikika kwa nkhope zosindikizira, kulondola kwa ma angles osokoneza - izi si manambala chabe pajambula. Kusiyanasiyana kwa magawo khumi kungayambitse kutentha kosasunthika, kumayambitsa malo otentha komanso kuyaka kwa valve. Ndikukumbukira gulu lomwe pulogalamu ya CNC inali ndi cholakwika chaching'ono cha zida, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale kusagwirizana kwapang'onopang'ono. Zinapangitsa kutentha kwambiri komanso kulephera msanga m'mayunitsi khumi ndi awiri. Mdierekezi ali muzinthu zazing'ono izi.
Njira yawo, kuyambira kuponyedwa koyendetsedwa mpaka kumakina omaliza a CNC pansi pa denga limodzi, kumachepetsa izi. Zimalola kuwongolera molimba pa geometry yonse yovuta - nkhope yakumtunda, ma degree 45 (kapena nthawi zina 30-degree) osindikizira, ndi mainchesi akunja okonzekera kusindikiza. Simukungogula gawo; mukugula unyolo woyendetsedwa.
Saga Yoyenera: Press, Chill, and Hope
Pano pali chowonadi chomwe nthawi zambiri chimabisidwa: chabwino mpando wa valve akhoza kuonongeka pa unsembe. Kusokonezeka kwapakati sikungakambirane. Zimatsimikizira kukhazikika kwadongosolo komanso, makamaka, kutentha kwa mutu wa silinda. Koma kuigwedeza ndi dalaivala wamba ndi njira yopangira ming'alu yaying'ono kapena kupotoza.
Njira yolondola imaphatikizapo kuzizira mpando (nthawi zambiri ndi nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi) kuti upangike, ndipo nthawi zina kutenthetsa mutu kukulitsa bowolo. Izi zimalola kukhazikitsa kosalala, kokwanira kosindikiza popanda mphamvu yankhanza. Ndawonapo akatswiri akudumpha kuzizira chifukwa kumakwanira mokwanira, kuti mpando ugwire ntchito pambuyo pa maola 50 akugwira ntchito. Kuzungulira kwa kutentha kumapeza kufooka kulikonse komweko.
Ndipo tiyeni tikambirane za counterbores. Thumba lampando pamutu liyenera kukhala loyera bwino komanso lopangidwa bwino. Zinyalala zilizonse, mafuta, kapena kupanda ungwiro kumagwira ntchito ngati insulator, kupanga chotchinga chamafuta. Mpando umatenthedwa, valavu imatentha kwambiri, ndipo mumapeza kulephera kwapang'onopang'ono. Zikumveka ngati zofunikira, koma pomanganso masitolo, sitepe iyi ndipamene 30% ya zolephera zimayambira.
Kusanthula Kulephera: Kuwerenga Nkhani mu Zitsulo
A wotopa kapena walephera mpando wa valve ndi lipoti lazamalamulo. Kubowola pa nkhope yosindikiza? Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowotcherera pang'ono ndikung'ambika, zomwe zikuwonetsa kusakwanira kwamafuta (m'mainjini okhala ndi mafuta otsogola) kapena kusagwirizana pakati pa mpando ndi nkhope ya valve. Mpando waukulu, wokhazikika ndi chizindikiro cha zinthu zomwe ndizofewa kwambiri kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito - zikumenyedwera m'mutu.
Ming'alu ya radial yochokera mkati mwake? Kumeneko nthawi zambiri kumakhala kutopa kwa kutentha, kuchokera ku kutentha kofulumira ndi kuzizira. Imakuwuzani kukana kutenthedwa kwa zinthu zakuthupi sikukwanira, kapena kutengera kutentha kumutu kwawonongeka (kubwerera ku malo osakwanira kapena odetsedwa). Nthawi zina, mumawona kusinthika kwachilendo, kopanda madontho-ndiko kutenthedwa kwa okosijeni ndi mankhwala kuchokera kuzinthu zowonjezera zamafuta kapena zinthu zoyaka moto, kukuwa chifukwa cha aloyi wosagwirizana ndi dzimbiri ngati giredi ya faifi tambala.
Izi sizowona zamaphunziro. Iwo amadziwitsa mwachindunji tsatanetsatane wotsatira. Kuwona ming'alu ya kutopa kumatanthawuza kuti kubwereza kwina kungafunike kuchoka kuchitsulo chokhazikika kupita kuzitsulo zolowetsedwa mkuwa kuti zitheke bwino, kapena kusinthira ku chinthu chosungunuka chosungunuka kuti chikhale choyera komanso mphamvu zotopa.
Pambuyo pa Mpando: The System View
Simungathe kulekanitsa mpando. Ndi gawo la dongosolo: valavu (zinthu zake ndi zokutira), kuthamanga kwa masika, momwe amawongolera, mtundu wamafuta, ndi kutentha kwa injini. Mpando wowoneka bwino wa stellite udzalepherabe ngati chiwongolero cha valavu chang'ambika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu ya tsinde itsike ndikuyika. Ndi malingaliro onse.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyanjana ndi wopanga yemwe amapeza chithunzi chachikulu ndikofunikira. Mukayang'ana mbiri ya kampani ngati yomwe ili pa tsngtaocnc.com, kuyambira zaka makumi angapo kuchokera pakupanga makina olondola, zikuwonetsa kumvetsetsa kwachilengedwechi. Sikuti amangotulutsa mphete; akupereka gawo lomwe liyenera kukhala m'malo ankhanza, odalirana. Kusankha aloyi wa cobalt pamwamba pa chitsulo chotsika mtengo sikungogulitsa; ndi njira yothetsera vuto la kusamutsa kutentha kwadongosolo.
Pamapeto pake, kufotokoza mpando wa valve ndi ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito fizikiki ndi zitsulo zogwira ntchito. Ndiko kufunsa mafunso oyenera: Kodi mafuta ndi chiyani? Kodi ntchito yozungulira ndi yotani? Kodi kuzirala kwanji? Yankho si gawo chabe nambala. Ndiko kuitana chiweruzo, mochirikizidwa ndi zokumana nazo ndipo, kunena zowona, zolephera zingapo zakale zomwe zidaphunzitsa maphunziro ovuta. Cholinga chake ndikupangitsa mpando kukhala chinthu chomaliza chomwe aliyense ayenera kuda nkhawa nacho panthawi ya teardown.
