Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'aluminium sand casting foundry', bashushanya inzira yibanze, hafi ya kera yo gukora ibice byoroshye, bigoye. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Ukuri kurasobanutse neza; nuburyo bwibanze ko, iyo bukozwe neza kandi bwunvikana, burushanwa mumwanya utari witeze. Ntabwo ari uguta ibyuma gusa mu mwobo. Nibijyanye no gucunga ibihinduka - ibigize umucanga, ubushuhe, sisitemu yo guhuza, gushushanya amarembo, kugenzura gukomera - gutandukanya imyanda ikoreshwa nigice gisakaye. Nabonye imishinga myinshi yananiwe kuko igishushanyo cyajugunywe hejuru y'urukuta ku ruganda rutitaye kuri ibi shingiro. Guhitamo gushinga uruganda akenshi bigenda bisobanuka kubyo bisobanuro, ntabwo urutonde rwibikoresho gusa.
Intego yibikorwa: Byose mumucanga
Reka twinjire muri grit. Mubisanzwe. 'Umusenyi' mu guta umucanga ntabwo ari ubwoko bwawe bwinyuma. Nuruvange rwa injeniyeri, mubisanzwe silika, zircon, cyangwa chromite, ihujwe nibumba (umucanga wicyatsi) cyangwa imiti ihuza imiti (nka furan cyangwa resin ya fenolike kubibabi bitetse). Itandukaniro ni ijoro n'umurango. Kuri aluminium, nishingikirije kumucanga uhujwe na chimique ya geometrike igoye cyangwa kwihanganira gukomera. Umucanga wicyatsi urihuta kandi uhendutse kubwinshi bwinshi, muburyo bworoshye, ariko ucuruza hejuru yubuso burangiye hamwe no guhagarara neza. Ubuhanga ni muguhitamo sisitemu iboneye kumurimo. Umutego rusange? Dufate ko umucanga wose ari umwe. Nagize ibice bisohotse bifite isura iteye ubwoba kuberako kwaguka kwumusenyi kwumusenyi ntibyari bikwiye muburyo bwo gukomera kwa aluminium. Byatwaye ibyumweru byo kugerageza no kwibeshya hamwe numusenyi utandukanye hamwe na binder ratios kugirango bikosorwe.
Gukora icyitegererezo nubundi buhanzi bworoshye. Ibishushanyo by'ibiti nibyiza kuri prototypes cyangwa kwiruka bigufi, ariko kubintu byose biramba, ukeneye ibyuma cyangwa epoxy. Igishushanyo mbonera, kurangiza, amafaranga yo kugabanuka - buri kivunge kigabanuka ku kigero gitandukanye - byose byubatswe murubwo buryo. Kubara nabi bike ku ijana kugabanuka birashobora gutanga icyiciro cyose kitagaragara. Ndibuka icyiciro cyamazu ya pompe aho twakoresheje itegeko risanzwe ryo kugabanuka kuri A356 ya aluminium, ariko ihinduka ryihariye nubushyuhe bwo gusuka byarayihinduye bihagije kugirango bitere ikibazo gikwiye hamwe nigice cyo guhuza imashini. Tugomba guhindura icyitegererezo, nisomo rihenze kandi ritwara igihe.
Noneho hariho amarembo no kuzamuka. Aha niho uburambe bwumushinga bwerekana. Urimo gutegura imiyoboro igaburira aluminiyumu yashongeshejwe mu cyuho kibitse hamwe n'ibigega bigaburira kugabanuka uko bikonje. Kwinjira nabi biganisha ku guhungabana, bitera okiside hamwe nuduce duto. Impanuka idahagije itera kugabanuka kwinshi. Ntabwo ari igitabo cyibitabo gusa; ni imyumvire yateye imbere urebye ibihumbi byaciwe. Injeniyeri nziza yubushakashatsi rimwe na rimwe izashyira riser ntoya aho software yigana idashyira ahagaragara ikibazo, ishingiye gusa kumasaha avuye kumurimo usa. Kandi akenshi usanga bafite ukuri.
Aho Umucanga wa Aluminium Ukwiranye (Kandi Aho Utabikora)
Iyi nzira ntabwo ari kuri byose. Kubijwi cyane, binini-bikikijwe, ibice bigoye nka turbine blade, wareba gushora imari cyangwa gupfa. Ariko kubijwi rito kugeza hagati, ibice binini (tekereza guhagarika moteri, imiyoboro yoherejwe, imirongo minini yubatswe), kandi aho igishushanyo mbonera ari urufunguzo, guta umucanga birahenze cyane. Igikoresho cyo gukoresha ni agace ko gupfa. Ikibanza nyacyo cyiza ni icya rimwe, prototypes, hamwe nibice biremereye. Nakoze ku bikoresho byo mu nyanja bipima ibiro birenga 200 byari bikwiranye no guta umucanga. Kugerageza kubikora nkumukino wo gupfa byaba bihenze cyane.
Ariko, imirimo ya nyuma yo gukina irakomeye. An aluminium umucanga ibyo kandi bitanga imashini murugo ni inyungu nini. Iremeza ko basobanukiwe nuburyo abakinnyi bakina kandi bashobora gutegura datum nindamunite kuva bagitangira. Ubu buryo bukomatanyije burinda inzozi aho igice kigaragara neza ariko ntigishobora gufatwa neza kubikorwa bya CNC, cyangwa aho ubuso bukomeye bwo gufunga burangirira mukarere keza ka casting. Nukugenzura inzira kuva mububiko kugeza igice cyarangiye.
Niyo mpamvu ubugari bwikigo gifite ubushobozi. Fata ushikamye nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Hamwe nimyaka irenga 30 mugukina no gutunganya, babona iyi link. Urubuga rwabo, tsingtaocnc.com, yerekana ko bakora inzira nyinshi. Mugihe urutonde Igikonoshwa na gushora imari nk'inzobere, amahame yo gukora ibumba na metallurgie asobanura. Uruganda rwumva neza ibishishwa byuzuye bizagira uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura umucanga no gutunganya ibyangombwa bifasha umurimo wabo wo guta umucanga. Igikorwa cabo hamwe nudusimba twihariye nka nikel nacyo cyerekana ubushobozi bwimbitse bwa metallurgjique, butagereranywa mugihe uhuye na aluminiyumu igoye nka silikoni yo hejuru cyangwa magnesium yo mu rwego rwo hejuru irigora guta nta kurira.
Sekibi mubisobanuro birambuye: Ubwoba, Kurangiza, hamwe nukuri-kwisi
Porosity nintambara ihoraho muri casting ya aluminium. Irashobora kuba imyuka ya gaze iva mubushuhe mumucanga cyangwa hydrogène mu gushonga, cyangwa kugabanya ububobere buturuka kubiryo bidahagije. Uruganda rubifitiye ububasha ruzagira uburyo bwo gutesha agaciro (nko kuzunguruka kuzunguruka hamwe na argon) hamwe no kugenzura byumusenyi. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, ugomba kwemera urwego runaka. Urufunguzo ni ugusobanura mu masezerano - ukoresheje ASTM cyangwa ibipimo bisa na byo kugenzura amaradiyo - no kureba ko bitari ahantu hakomeye. Nemereye gutoranya hamwe na poritike yihariye mu bice bitari byubatswe kugirango mbike igihe cyumushinga, ariko ntabwo nigeze hafi yumwobo urudodo cyangwa kashe yumuvuduko.
Kurangiza isura ni ikindi kintu gifatika. Ubuso busa buturutse kumusenyi bufite imiterere iranga. Niba ukeneye kurangiza neza, bisaba guturika (kurasa cyangwa umucanga) cyangwa gusya. Ibi byongera ikiguzi. Igishushanyo kigomba kwerekana ubuso ari 'as-cast' n '' imashini '. Nabonye ibishushanyo bisaba 3.2 mkm bidashoboka kuri Ra-hejuru-ntibishoboka. Itumanaho risobanutse hano rikiza gucika intege nyuma.
Kuvura ubushyuhe hafi ya byose byatanzwe mubyiciro byinshi bya aluminium yumucanga nka A356 cyangwa A357. Byakozwe kugirango ugere kubisabwa (T6 birasanzwe). Ariko isano ya fondasiyo nu muti wubushyuhe bifite akamaro. Niba ari ibice bitandukanye, kugoreka birashobora guhinduka umukino wamakosa. Byari impungenge zisigaye za casting cyangwa guhuza mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe? Ikigo cyahujwe, cyangwa byibura ubufatanye bucungwa neza, byoroshya ibi. Intego nigice gihamye, cyuzuye ubushyuhe bwuzuye cyiteguye gutunganywa bwa nyuma.
Ikiburanwa: Kwigira hafi-Miss
Reka nsobanure ibintu bifatika, bitamenyekanye gato. Twari dufite chassis yimodoka yihariye. Igishushanyo cyari kigoye, gifite uburebure butandukanye bwurukuta hamwe nibice byinshi. Twagiye hamwe n'icyubahiro aluminium umucanga. Icyitegererezo cyambere cyanyuze mumashusho no kugenzura. Ariko mugihe cyo guterana kwa prototype, ugutwi kuzamuka kwakuwe mugihe cyo kumanuka. Isesengura ryananiranye ryagaragaje ubukonje bukonje - guhagarara aho imigezi ibiri yicyuma ihurira ariko idahuza neza - neza kumuzi yibibazo byamatwi.
Intandaro? Igishushanyo mbonera cyuzuza icyo gice cyanyuma, kandi icyuma cyari cyatakaje ubushyuhe bwinshi. Uruganda rwambere rwigana rwerekanaga ikibazo gishobora kuba, ariko byafatwaga nkimpanuka nke. Gukosora ntibyari byongeyeho ibyuma byinshi; yari irimo gushushanya amarembo kugirango ihindure uburyo bwo kuzuza no guhindura ubushyuhe bwo gusuka kuri kiriya cyiciro cyihariye. Byadindije umushinga ukwezi. Isomo ryaribiri: ntuzigere wirengagiza no kuburira byoroheje byo kwigana, kandi buri gihe ugaragaze kandi ukore ibizamini byinjira mumazi cyangwa radiografiya ahantu hafite ibibazo byinshi mubigenzurwa ningingo ya mbere, kabone niyo bitaba biri mubisanzwe.
Aha niho hasuzumwa umuco wo gukemura ibibazo. Ibyiza ntibirwanaho. Baribira, bagabanya casting, basesengura inenge, kandi batanga igisubizo cyemewe. Babifata nkikibazo gihuriweho nubuhanga. Ibibi byerekana intoki kubitanga amavuta cyangwa igishushanyo. Uruganda rukora nkumufatanyabikorwa rukwiye uburemere bwarwo muri zahabu.
Kureba imbere: Niche ifite umutekano
Hamwe nibiganiro byose bijyanye no gucapa 3D kubishushanyo no gucapa ibyuma bitaziguye, ni aluminium bishaje? Kure. Kubwinshi bwumusaruro urenze urutoki, biracyari byinshi mubukungu. Ikoranabuhanga rirahuza, nubwo. Nabonye Hybrid yegera aho 3D-icapye umucanga ikoreshwa kumirongo yimbere idashoboka muburyo bwumucanga gakondo. Ibi bifungura ubwisanzure bushya mugihe gikomeza igice kinini cyibikorwa.
Ejo hazaza h'uruganda rwatsinze ruri muri ubu bwoko bwo guhuza n'imihindagurikire. Gukomatanya ubukorikori gakondo-kumva umusenyi, ijisho ryo gukomera - hamwe no kwigana bigezweho, kugenzura inzira, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryuzuzanya nko gutunganya CNC. Nijyanye no gutanga igisubizo cyuzuye. Isosiyete yavuye mu ruganda rusukuye igera ku ruganda rukomatanyirijwe hamwe, nka QSY hamwe n’imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo yavuzwe mu gukina no gutunganya imashini, ihagaze kuri ibi. Basobanukiwe ko gukina akenshi ari intambwe yambere yo gutanga ibice bikora.
Noneho, iyo usuzumye an aluminium umucanga, reba ibirenze igiciro kuri kilo. Reba iduka ryabo, laboratoire yabo yumucanga, protocole yabo yo kugenzura ubuziranenge bwa chimie yashonze no gupima imashini, kandi cyane cyane, ubushake bwabo bwo kwishora mubikorwa hakiri kare. Baza ubushakashatsi bwibice bitoroshye. Akazi keza kava mubishingwe bibona ko atari nkibisuka ibyuma, ahubwo nkabafatanyabikorwa bakorana na geometrie nibibazo bifatika. Iyo mitekerereze ikora itandukaniro ryose hagati yigice gikora nigice cyarangiye nkigice gihenze.
