Iyo abantu bavuga ibice bya carbone ishoramari, ikintu cya mbere gikunze kuza mubitekerezo kirahendutse, ibintu byoroshye. Ibyo nibisanzwe. Mubyukuri, inzira yicyuma cya karubone irashukana. Amazi meza ntabwo aribyiza nkibintu bimwe na bimwe bivanze, kandi kubona ubuso burangira neza nta nenge nka shitingi ya shitingi cyangwa gufunga ubukonje bisaba guhamagarwa cyane. Ntabwo ari ugusuka ibyuma gusa mugikonoshwa; nibijyanye no kugenzura ibintu byose uhereye kuri dewaxing cycle kugeza kuvura ubushyuhe kugirango ucunge iyo microstructure yanyuma. Nabonye imishinga myinshi isitara mubifata nkibicuruzwa.
Ikibazo Cyibanze: Ntabwo ari ibyuma gusa
Reka tumenye neza. Ibyuma bya karubone bitwikiriye intera nini. Ibyuma byoroheje 1020 bikozwe kumutwe bitwara muburyo butandukanye mugihe cyo gukomera ugereranije nigice cya 1045 cyangwa 4130 cyagenewe gusaba kwikorera imitwaro. Ibirimo bya karubone bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye kugabanuka, ibisabwa byo kugaburira, hamwe n’ingaruka zo guturika. Ntushobora gukoresha sisitemu imwe yo gutambuka no kuzamuka. Kera kare, twari dufite icyapa cyo gushiraho, icyiciro cya karubone giciriritse, cyakomeje gucika hafi y'irembo nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe. Ikibazo ntabwo cyari ubuvuzi ubwacyo; ni uko igishushanyo mbonera cyaremye guhangayikishwa no kwigaragaza nyuma yo kuzimya. Tugomba gusubira inyuma, gushushanya sisitemu yo kwiruka kugirango tubabarire cyane, kandi duhindure ubushyuhe bwo gusuka. Yongeyeho icyumweru mugihe cyo kuyobora, ariko yakemuye ikibazo.
Aha niho uburambe hamwe nibikoresho bitanga umusaruro. Amaduka akozwe gusa gusa arashobora guhangana kuko imbaraga zumuriro ziratandukanye. Kurugero, ibyuma bya karubone bifite ubushyuhe bwumuriro burenze ibyiciro byinshi bitagira umwanda, bivuze ko icyuma gitakaza ubushyuhe byihuse mubice bito byigikonoshwa. Niba igiceri cyawe gishyuha ubushyuhe butagabanijwe neza - kandi ndavuga ko byashyizwe kuri urwo rwego rwihariye hamwe na geometrie igice - uzarangiza nabi. Ndibuka umubiri wa valve twavuze; umukiriya yatanze icapiro ryateguwe mbere yo guta umucanga. Twagombaga gutanga inama zijyanye no guhindura ubugari bwurukuta no gutegura impande zose kugirango bishoboke gushora imari mu byuma bya karubone. Basubije inyuma mu ntangiriro, ariko igenzura rya mbere ryerekanye ingingo.
Indi ngingo ififitse ni imyitozo ya deoxidation. Ibyuma bya karubone bikunze kwibasirwa na okiside mugihe cyo gushonga, biganisha kuri pinholes nubusembwa bwubutaka niba bidacunzwe neza. Nintambwe yoroshye kwirengagiza niba urihuta. Dukoresha uruvange rwa aluminium na calcium-silicon kugirango deoxidation yanyuma, ariko umubare nyawo uterwa nisesengura ryashonga. Hano nta resept-imwe-ihuza-resept yose, niyo mpamvu kugira inzu ya spekrometrike hafi ya byose bidashobora kuganirwaho kubwiza buhoraho muri ibice bya carbone ishoramari.
Imbyino ya Shell
Igikonoshwa ceramic ntabwo ari ikintu cyoroshye. Imikoranire yayo nicyuma cya karubone irakomeye. Kubice byubunyangamugayo buhanitse, akenshi twimuka tuvuye mubisanzwe bisanzwe bya silika byahujwe na kote yambere mugihe dukorana n amanota menshi ya karubone. Kwiyongera kwubushyuhe bwumuriro burashobora kuba ikibazo, biganisha kumitsi cyangwa ndetse nigikonoshwa mugihe cyo gusuka. Twagize ibisubizo byiza hamwe na sisitemu y'ibanze ya zircon kuri geometrike isaba byinshi. Birahenze cyane, byanze bikunze, ariko bigabanya igipimo cyibice ku bice bigoye.
Shell permeability nubundi ipfundo ryo guhinduka. Ibyuma bya karubone bisuka bikunda kubyara imyuka myinshi iva mubisigisigi. Niba igikonyo kitemerera iyo myuka guhunga bihagije, ubona gaze ya gaz. Twize ibi inzira igoye hamwe nurukurikirane rwa pompe. Ibice byasaga neza neza hanze, ariko X-ray yerekanaga ububobere bwuzuye muri hub. Gukosora byari uguhindura ingano yumucanga wa stucco hamwe no gukama hagati yamakoti kugirango habeho gufungura igishishwa cyinshi. Byumvikane byoroshye, ariko guhamagara muribwo buryo byatwaye hafi amezi abiri yo kugerageza.
Noneho hariho intambwe yo gutesha umutwe. Ukoresheje ibyuma bya karubone, ugomba kwitonda kugirango utavunika igikonoshwa giturutse kumashanyarazi mugihe cya autoclaving cyangwa flash firing, cyane cyane mugihe cy'itumba. Igikonoshwa cyacitse bisobanura kwiruka, guhungabanya umutekano, hamwe n'akajagari. Uburyo bwacu ubu burimo kugenzura mbere yubushyuhe bwa shell mbere yuko binjira muri autoclave, ikintu twashyize mubikorwa nyuma yo gutakaza igiti cyose cyibice mugitondo kimwe gikonje. Nibikorwa byuburyo bukunze kuvuka kunanirwa, bitandukanya utanga isoko wizewe ugereranije.
Gukora no Kurangiza: Igiciro Cyihishe
Abakiriya benshi bibanda ku giciro cyo gutora ku kilo ariko bakibagirwa akazi ko hasi. Ibice byo gushora ibyuma bya karubone akenshi bisohokana neza neza birangiye, ariko burigihe bisaba gutunganya bimwe. Ubuso bwa as-cast burashobora kuba budahuye, kandi kubwo guhuza hejuru cyangwa umwobo uhujwe, ukeneye kuvanaho ibintu bisukuye, byuzuye. Aha niho kwishyira hamwe nu iduka ryimashini biba inyungu nini.
Fata isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Bamaze imyaka irenga 30 mu gukina no gutunganya. Uku guhuza guhagaritse ni urufunguzo. Iyo dukoze ibyuma bya karubone ibikoresho byamazu, kurugero, tumaze gutekereza kubijyanye no gutunganya CNC. Turashobora kongeramo ibintu bike byongewe kumaso ya flange ariko nibindi byinshi kumyenda ya bolt kugirango tumenye neza. Dushushanya casting hamwe no gutunganya datum mubitekerezo. Niba gutara no gutunganya bikozwe mu nganda zitandukanye, ushobora guhura nokwihanganirana hamwe nu cyuho cyitumanaho. Ahantu nka QSY, aho gushora imari no gutunganya CNC biri munsi yinzu imwe, injeniyeri yubukorikori irashobora kugenda hejuru yitsinda ryimashini kugirango rihuze gahunda yo guhuza. Igabanya igihe cyo kuyobora kandi itezimbere ubuziranenge bwanyuma.
Kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yubushyuhe nubundi buryo bujyanye no gutunganya imashini. Annealing cyangwa ibisanzwe nibisanzwe kugirango ugabanye imihangayiko no kunoza imashini. Ariko niba woroshye cyane ibikoresho, ubona gummy chips zifunga ibikoresho. Niba udafashe neza, wambika ibyuma byihuse. Mubisanzwe tugamije gukomera kwa Brinell mumadirishya yihariye, vuga 180-220 HB, ukurikije ibirimo karubone hamwe nubushobozi bwabakiriya. Nigikorwa cyo gushyira mu gaciro. Dutanga ama coupons yikizamini hamwe na buri cyiciro cyo kuvura ubushyuhe kugirango uruhande rwimashini rushobora kugenzura ubukana mbere yuko batangira guca ibice bifatika.
Iyo Ikora, nigihe idakora
Gushora imari mubyuma bya karubone birabagirana kubice bifite ibice byimbere byimbere, ibintu bigoye byo hanze, cyangwa bisaba kurangiza neza neza byaba bihenze kumashini kuva mububiko. Tekereza umubiri wa hydraulic valve, ibyuma bito bya turbine, cyangwa ibikoresho byimbunda. Ubushobozi bwa net-shusho bushobora kubika ibintu byinshi byamasaha yo gutunganya.
Ariko, ntabwo aricyo gisubizo kuri byose. Kubinini binini, binini, byoroshye, guta umucanga nubukungu cyane. Igikoresho cyo gukoresha ishoramari ni kinini. Na none, niba igishushanyo cyigice cyoroshye cyane - nka cube ikomeye cyangwa inkoni isanzwe - uba umeze neza hamwe nibikoresho byabigenewe. Agaciro ko gushora imari karagoye. Nigeze kugira umukiriya abaza cote kuri kilo 2 yibyuma bya karubone ifite imyobo ine gusa. Twabagiriye inama yo kugura isahani no kuyikora. Bazigama 60% kubiciro kandi babibona vuba. Kuba inyangamugayo kubikorwa bigarukira byubaka ikizere kuruta kugerageza gutsinda buri cyiciro.
Guhitamo amanota y'ibikoresho ni ngombwa hano. Kubintu byatsindagirijwe cyane, bikoresha imitwaro yingirakamaro, ibyuma bito cyane nka 4140 cyangwa 4340 birashobora kuba amahitamo meza kuruta ibyuma bya karubone bisanzwe, ndetse no mubikorwa byo gushora imari. Gukomera ni byiza. Dukunze kugira ibyo biganiro naba injeniyeri, dusubiramo FEA cyangwa ibisabwa kugirango dusabe ibikoresho bihendutse cyane bikomeza guhura na spec. Gusunika amavuta ahenze cyane mugihe adakenewe ni bibi kimwe no gutanga inama ihendutse izananirwa.
Isoko ryo gutanga
Hanyuma, reka tuvuge kubidukikije. Amasoko ahoraho, yujuje ubuziranenge bwa sulfure ya karubone ibyuma cyangwa gusubira gushonga nibyingenzi. Gukurikirana ibintu, cyane cyane kubice bijya mubikoresho byimodoka cyangwa inganda. Tugumana cert kuri buri bushyuhe. Ibidukikije byubatswe ubwabyo bikenera kugenzurwa - ubuhehere bugira ingaruka ku gishishwa, ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije bugira ingaruka ku gushonga. Nibikorwa byamaboko.
Gukorana nuwabitanze ubunararibonye bitanga itandukaniro. Isosiyete nka QSY, hamwe na mirongo yayo muri Igikonoshwa na gushora imari, birashoboka ko yabonye no gukemura byinshi mumitego isanzwe hamwe nicyuma cya karubone. Bashyizeho umubano nabatanga ibikoresho, gahunda ihindagurika kumiryango itandukanye, no murugo Imashini ya CNC Kuri Gutanga Ikintu Cyuzuye. Uku kurangiza-kurangiza kugenzura nibyo byemeza kwizerwa kumukoresha wanyuma. Ntabwo ugura casting gusa; urimo kugura ubumenyi bwakusanyije burinda ibyo gutsindwa bihenze, umushinga utinda.
Amaherezo, gutsinda ibice bya carbone ishoramari manuka wubahe ibyifuzo byibikoresho, uburyo bwitondewe kandi buhuza n'imiterere, hamwe nubufatanye bwabatanga ibicuruzwa birenze ibicuruzwa byoroshye. Nicyicaro cyihariye, ariko mugihe gikwiye, ibisubizo biragoye gutsinda nubundi buryo bwo gukora.
