Iyo uvuze 'igice cyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe', abantu benshi bashushanya umuyoboro cyangwa fin. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Mubyukuri, nikintu gisobanurwa numurimo wacyo muri sisitemu yubushyuhe, kandi iyo mikorere iterwa rwose na geometrie, uburinganire bwibintu, hamwe nubusabane. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi cyane aho kwibanda ku bipimo byanyuma, wirengagije urugendo icyuma gifata kugirango ugereyo - uburyo bwo gutara, amafaranga yo gutunganya, imiterere yingano. Aho niho gutsindwa akenshi bitangirira, ntabwo biri mubikorwa, ahubwo mubisobanuro.
Urufatiro: Itangirana nabakinnyi
Ntushobora gukora imashini yizewe uhereye kubakinnyi bakennye. Ibi bisa nkaho bigaragara, ariko mubisanzwe ntibisuzugurwa. Kuri ibice byo guhinduranya ubushyuhe nkimitwe igoye, manifolds, cyangwa ikoti ryamazi, ibice byimbere nibintu byose. Guhinduranya gato muri rusange mugihe Igikonoshwa Irashobora gukora ahantu hato ihinduka ikintu cyananiranye munsi yubushyuhe bwumuriro. Ibi twabyize kare hamwe na compressor yumukiriya wa intercooler ya nyuma. Icapiro ryahamagaye uburebure bwurukuta rwihariye, ariko inzira yambere yo guta umucanga ntishobora guhora ifata intandaro yimbere. Igisubizo? Igipimo cya 30% cyakuwe mugice cya mbere nyuma yo gutunganya, kubera ko iperereza rya CNC ryakomeje kubona icyuho. Igice cyasaga neza neza hanze, ariko cyangiritse imbere.
Niyo mpanvu kubintu birimo igitutu kirimo cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi-bushyashya, dukunze gusunika abakiriya gushora imari Kuri Ifishi Yambere. Ibipimo byukuri hamwe nubuso burangirira guhera mu ntangiriro birarenze, cyane cyane kuri iyo miyoboro igoye. Nibyo, bihenze cyane kuri buri gice mubyiciro, ariko uzigama amahirwe mugutunganya igihe hamwe n imyanda yibikoresho. Urimo guha gahunda ya CNC amahirwe yo kurwana. Ndibuka umushinga wo guhinduranya ubushyuhe bwa plaque muri 316L idafite umwanda aho guhinduranya kuva gusudira guhimbwa ukajya mu ishoramari rya monolithic byagabanije igice rusange cyikiguzi cya 15% mugihe wagaragaje mugukuraho imiti yubushyuhe bwa nyuma yo gusudira hamwe na pasiporo yagabanijwe.
Guhitamo ibikoresho hano ntibishobora gutandukana nibikorwa. Kugaragaza a nikel nka Inconel 625 kumuyoboro wa gazi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru? Urareba rwose kureba abashoramari. Amazi yicyuma muribwo buryo, ahujwe nimbaraga zishyushye zivanze, biguha kwizerwa cyane gutangira ubusa kuruta kugerageza gukora ibintu byose uhereye kumurongo ukomeye. Bantu kuri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) gira ingingo iyo bashimangiye akazi kabo hamwe nibi idasanzwe. Ntabwo ari ukugira ibikoresho mububiko gusa; ni ukumenya uko yitwara mugihe cyo gukomera mubikonoshwa byabo, uko kugabanuka guteganijwe, aho washyira risers. Iyo myaka 30 bavuga muri casting ntabwo ari umurongo wo kwamamaza; ni ububiko bwuburambe bubuza amadolari 50.000 $ gushonga guhinduka ibisigazwa.
Ukuri Kumashini: Kwihanganirana ni Ikiganiro
Dore ukundi kuri gufatika: kwihanganira gushushanya akenshi ni urutonde rwibyifuzo, ntabwo igishushanyo mbonera. Igishushanyo gishobora guhamagarira ± 0.02mm kwihanganira kumurongo wa bolt kumpapuro. Ariko niba icyo gice kigiye guhura nubushyuhe bwa 150 ° C muri serivisi, barashishoje muri coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe kuri ubwo buryo bwihariye icyuma amanota? Rimwe na rimwe, gufata kwihanganira birenze urugero ubushyuhe bwicyumba byemeza ikibazo gikwiye kuri temp ikora. Akazi gahinduka ibiganiro-gusobanura ibi, byerekana kwihanganira imikorere, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe, gutanga ibintu bitandukanye rwose.
Imashini ya CNC niho igice cyimikorere yibice byavukiye. Isura yo gufunga gasike, urudodo rwa thermowell, groove kumpeta. Kuganira kubikorwa bireba, gushiramo gato usize umusozi wa microscopique - ibi ntabwo ari ibibazo byo kwisiga gusa. Nibishobora kumeneka inzira cyangwa kwibanda kubitekerezo. Ndibuka icyiciro kimwe cyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe bwa capa aho O-ring groove yari ifite iherezo ryiza, ariko radiyo yo hepfo yakozwe mumisatsi gusa ityaye ukurikije inzira yinzira. Yatsinze QC kuri CMM. Byananiye mugupima igitutu burigihe, gucamo neza kuva kuri radiyo. Gukosora ntabwo byari uguhindura gahunda; yarimo ihinduranya igikoresho cyabigenewe cyo gutema ibiti hamwe na radiyo yemewe, ntabwo yishingikirije kumuhanda wumupira wizuru.
Aha niho amaduka ahuriweho afite akarusho. Fata isosiyete nka QSY. Niba barimo gukemura byombi Igikonoshwa na Imashini ya CNC murugo, ibitekerezo byo gusubiza ni bigufi. Umukanishi abona ahantu hakomeye cyangwa munsi yubutaka muri casting. Aho gukuraho igice gusa, ayo makuru asubira mu itsinda ryashinzwe kuruhande. Barashobora guhindura ubushyuhe bwo gusuka cyangwa igipfundikizo cyicyiciro gikurikira. Ihuriro ryibikorwa ningirakamaro kubice bigoye, bifite agaciro kanini. Ntabwo ugura serivisi yo gutunganya gusa cyangwa gukina; urimo kugura sisitemu yo gukosora no kunonosorwa.
Ibikoresho ntabwo ari urupapuro rwihariye
ASTM A351 CF8M irakubwira ko ari umuyonga usa na 316. Ntabwo ikubwira ibyerekeranye na ferrite, bigira ingaruka kumurwango no gukoreshwa. Kuri a igice cyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe kwiyuhagira muri chloride, iyo numero ya ferrite irakomeye. Twigeze kugira ikibazo cyisuri ya cavitation kuruhande rwamazi yumubyimba wa pompe utagira umuyonga wari mubice bikonje. Ibikoresho byari byiza cyane. Isesengura rya Metallurgical ryerekanye ko ferrite yari kumurongo wo hasi cyane wurwego rwemewe, bigatuma byoroha gusa kandi byoroshye cyane kubyimba. Uruganda ntirwigeze rukora ikibi kuri buri cyiciro, ariko igice cyananiwe inshingano zacyo. Igisubizo kwari ugushimangira ibintu byimbere byimbere hanyuma tugakorana nuru ruganda kugirango tugenzure chimie neza neza kubyo gusaba.
Ibi birushijeho kuba byiza hamwe na cobalt nka Stellite yo kwambara-ireba intebe za valve mumashanyarazi. Bikunze gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gusudira. Ubuhanga ntabwo buri mu gusudira gusa; ni muburyo bukurikiraho bwo gutunganya ubwo buso budasanzwe, butarwanya abrasion butarinze gutera micro-crack cyangwa delamination. Ukeneye amanota meza ya karbide, umuvuduko ukwiye kandi ugaburira, hamwe no kwihangana kwinshi. Nubuhanzi nkubumenyi. Ibisobanuro kuva Urubuga rwa QSY kuvuga akazi kabo hamwe naya mavuta yerekana kuri ubu bushobozi. Bisobanura ko bakemuye ibibazo byo gutunganya ibyo bikoresho bigoye nyuma yo guta cyangwa gusudira, ibyo bikaba ari agaciro kongerewe agaciro birenze gushakisha amavuta.
Reka tuganire kubyuma bishaje bya karubone. Kubintu byinshi bidashobora kwangirika, ni akazi. Ariko igice cyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe ntabwo ari urumuri rwubaka. Amashanyarazi afite akamaro. Rimwe na rimwe, karuboni nkeya irashobora kuba ingirakamaro ku mbaraga, ariko irashobora kandi gutuma igice gikunda guhangayikishwa no kwangirika kwangirika mubidukikije. Uhora uringaniza imitungo. Guhitamo ntabwo ari ibyuma gusa; nicyuma, kivamo gushonga, cyafashwe muburyo nyuma yo gutara. Ubuvuzi bwa post-casting-busanzwe, annealing, ubushyuhe - nibyingenzi nkintambwe iyo ari yo yose yo gutunganya ibintu byanyuma.
Sekibi murambuye: Igipapuro, Imitwe, na Kurangiza
Igice kinini cyo kunanirwa igice ntaho gihuriye numubiri nyamukuru. Nibintu byingirakamaro. Urudodo rwumuyoboro wamazi wambuwe. Ubuso burangirira kuri flange ntabwo bwari buhuye na gaze ya spiral-igikomere, biganisha kumeneka. Gucukura umufuka wubushyuhe bwubushyuhe ntabwo byaciwe imbere, bituma habaho kugabanuka no gushyuha. Nibisobanuro birambuye bitandukanya igice cyimikorere nigice cyizewe.
Fata flange. Bisanzwe 125 Ra microinch kurangiza irashobora guhamagarwa. Ariko niba gasketi ari ubwoko bworoshye bwa grafite, ibyo birashobora kuba bikaze. Niba ari icyuma cyometseho icyuma, birashobora kwemerwa. Umukanishi akeneye kumenya imikoreshereze yanyuma kugirango ahitemo neza kwinjiza no kugaburira ibiryo kugirango agere ku mubare gusa, ariko hejuru yimikorere. Nabonye flanges zapimye neza ariko zirasohoka kubera ko igikoresho cyasize icyitegererezo gito gike idashobora gufunga. Gukosora byari finale, yoroheje cyane hamwe na wiper yihariye kugirango ushiremo uburyo bumwe bwambukiranya imipaka.
N'inyuzi. Ibibazo byinshi. Kuri sisitemu zotswa igitutu, insinga zigororotse hamwe na O-impeta mubisanzwe zifite umutekano kuruta insinga zometseho imiyoboro, zishingiye ku cyuma kugeza ku cyuma no gufunga umugozi. Ariko niba ugomba gukoresha NPT, ubujyakuzimu na taper yumwobo wafashwe ni ngombwa. Kanda munsi-kanda, kandi ushobora guhura nigice mugihe gikwiye gifatanye kugirango ugere kashe. Kanda cyane, kandi ufite ibikorwa bidahagije. Imyitozo myiza nugutanga ibice byingenzi hamwe nibikoresho bimaze gushyirwaho no gutwikwa kuri spec, cyangwa byibuze, kugirango utange igipimo / nta-gipimo kubakiriya. Ikuraho impinduka nini mumurima.
Urebye Byose, Ntabwo Igice gusa
Ubwanyuma, a igice cyo guhinduranya ubushyuhe ntabaho mu bwigunge. Imikorere yacyo ihujwe nibice ihuza nayo. Iyo dufashe umushinga, cyane cyane kubasimbuye cyangwa igice cya retrofit, tugerageza gufata amaboko kubintu byo gushyingiranwa niba bishoboka. Gupima bore nyayo yo guhinduranya igikonoshwa, uburinganire bwa flange ihanganye. Kuberako rimwe na rimwe, ugomba gukoresha imashini yawe kugirango uhuze nukuri kwa sisitemu, ntabwo ari byiza kubishushanyo bishaje, byashize.
Iyi mitekerereze yuzuye niyo isobanura inzobere. Ntabwo ari ugukoresha imashini ya CNC. Nibijyanye no gusobanukirwa kwaguka k'ubushyuhe, imbaraga zamazi, uburyo bwo kubora, hamwe nubukanishi. Nukumenya ko gukina neza, mubipimo byuzuye bishobora kwangizwa numupaka umwe wogukora imashini itera guhangayika, hanyuma bikagaragaza ko ari ukugoreka mugihe cyubushyuhe bwa mbere. Intego ni ugutanga igice kibura muri sisitemu - ikora gusa, izunguruka nyuma yizunguruka, idafite ikinamico.
Nicyo gicuruzwa nyacyo. Ntabwo ari icyuma, ahubwo ni kwizerwa. Amaduka yanyuze mubizunguruka, nka QSY hamwe na mirongo yabo muri gukina no gutunganya, Byinjije Ibi. Birashoboka ko babonye ibyananiranye, bagakosora, kandi bubaka iryo somero ridafatika ryibyo utagomba gukora. Iyo urimo gushakisha ikintu gikomeye, ayo mateka, gushishoza gushinze imizi hamwe nibitekerezo byo gukemura ibibazo, akenshi bifite agaciro kuruta igiciro gito kuri buri gice. Kuberako ikiguzi cyo gutsindwa mumurima - igihe cyo hasi, gutakaza umusaruro, ibibazo byumutekano - dwarf igice cyambere kigura buri gihe.
