Iwe unonzwa zvakawanda nezve durability mugiravhiti yakakanda simbi, asi mazhinji ekutaura anopotsa poindi. Haisi chete nezvegiredhi resimbi kana ukobvu hwemadziro. Iyo chaiyo maitiro, kubva pandimire mushure memakumi matatu emakore muyakavakirwa, ishanduko kubva pakubata kusimba seyakagadziriswa spec kusvika pakuibata senzira inoshanduka, inopesvedzerwa zvakanyanya nekuchinja kusinganzwisisike muhunyanzvi uye mushure mekukanda sarudzo. Wese munhu anoda chikamu chinogara nekusingaperi, asi nzira iripo iri kuwedzera nuances.
Kusanzwisisa Zvinhu SaMambo
Kana vatengi vakabvunza nezve kusimba, chinhu chekutanga chavanosvetukira kune giredhi rezvinhu. Ndipeiwo Class 35 kana zvirinani. Chokwadi, kusimba kwesimba kunokosha. Asi ini ndaona mapurojekiti akawandisa kwavanofungidzira simbi yegiredhi yepamusoro, vobva vakanganisa zvimwe zvese mukuita kuchengetedza masendi mashoma payuniti. Iyo chemistry yakanyunguduka inokwenenzverwa yekukurumidza kudururwa nguva, iyo inoculation inomhanyisa-kamwe kamwe, iyo premium iron izere ne undercooled graphite kana yakawandisa carbides. The giravity cast iron parts buda kuyedza kuti utarise pabepa, asi iyo microstructure ine brittle. Ivo vanokundikana mumunda pasi pekutakura cyclic, uye munhu wese anopomera izvo zvinhu. Yakanga isiri iyo zvinhu; yakanga iri nzira yakapoteredza zvinhu.
Isu takanga tine nyaya makore mashoma kumashure kweiyo hydraulic valve body. Iyo spec yaive yakasimba, yaida yakanaka kudzvanywa kutendeseka. Matangiro ekutanga akashandisa yakajairwa foundry-giredhi yenguruve iron ine yakanyanyisa kupisa uye inoculant yevaridzi yatakagadzira mumba. Zvikamu zvakapasa bvunzo dzese. Mukwikwidzi anoderedza mutengo wedu zvakanyanya. Takazoona kuti vaishandisa simbi yepamusoro-giredhi asi vakacheka makona pakudzora tembiricha yekuumbwa uye kumhanya kwekudira. Zvikamu zvavo zvakapfuura yekutanga hydrostatic bvunzo asi zvakatanga kuratidza madiki madiki mushure meanosvika mazana mashanu ekumanikidza. Yedu yanga ichiri kumhanya pa5000+. Mushandi akadzoka. Tinodzidzei? Iyo pedigree yesimbi haina kukosha pane mabatiro aunoita panguva giravhiti kukanda process.
Izvi zvinotungamira kune chaiyo yekutanga maitiro: tarisiro pakuenderana kwemaitiro seyekutanga durability driver. Zviri pamusoro pekudzora shanduko yega yega- mold jasi ukobvu, kudurura tembiricha gradient, kutonhora mwero mukuumbwa-nekuda kwechitendero. Vateki ve data pachoto chedu uye mitsara yekudira haisi yekungoratidzira; ndiwo matorero atinoita nyaya yekusimba kudzokera ku10-degree Celsius kudonha kwetembiricha yeladle pakupera kwekudira.
Iko Kugara Kunokunda Kana Kurasika: Iyo isingaonekwe Geometry
Kugara hakuna kugadzirwa pamuenzaniso weCAD; inokandwa muchikamu. Uku kushanduka kukuru mukufunga. Mainjiniya vanogadzira basa, asi vanowanzo gadzira majeometri anogadzira kushushikana kwekushushikana panguva yekusimba. Akapinza makona emukati, anongoerekana achinja chikamu-idzi mhondi dzekusimba. Maitiro andinoona ari pedyo nekubatana kusati kwaitwa mold. Isu tiri kupedza nguva yakawanda pane simulation software kwete chete kudzivirira hurema huri pachena, asi kuenzanisira kushushikana kwekupisa panguva yekutonhora.
Semuyenzaniso, bracket yeanorema-basa compressor. Magadzirirwo acho aive nembabvu yakanaka, inochengetedza huremu. Asi kuenzanisa kwedu kwakaratidza mukana wakakura wekupisa kubvaruka pamibatanidzwa yembabvu. Takakurudzira kuwedzera zvinyoro zvidiki, kwete zvekusimba mukushandisa, asi zvekusimba panguva yekusika. Chikwata chekugadzira chakaramba-chakawedzera huremu hudiki. Isu takagadzira batch rimwe sezvariri, uye rimwe rine magadzirirwo edu. Iyo as-is batch yaive ne 30% scrap rate kubva pakatsemuka inongoonekwa pasi pedhayi penetrant yekuongorora. Batch yakagadziridzwa? Pedyo ne zero. The durability yeruzha rwacho rwakanga rwakakwirisa nekuti rwakapona pakuzvarwa kwayo pasina kukanganisa mukati.
Iyi proactive simulation iri kuita isinga taurike nhanho kwatiri paQSY. Imari inobhadhara nekudzivisa njodzi, kukanganisa kwakavanzika kunotungamira mukukundikana kwemunda. Inofambisa kusimba kumusoro kwemvura.
Iyo Post-Casting Gambit: Kupisa Kurapa uye Machining
Heino imwe yenharo. Kuderedza kushushikana mupfungwa. Zvimwe zvitoro zvinoitora sebhokisi rinosungirwa kuti tikwenye. Vamwe vanoidarika kuti vachengetedze nguva nesimba. Chimiro chedu chashanduka. Isu tava kuona sechishandiso chekusarudza. Kune yakaoma, yakavharirwa maumbirwo senge pombi dzimba, zvakakosha. Kushushikana kwasara kubva mukutonhodza kusina kuenzana kunogona kuve kwakakura. Kusvetuka kuzorora kwekushushikana kwakafanana nekumonera chitubu mukati mechikamu; machining achaisunungura, zvichikonzera kukanganisa, uye mu-sevhisi mitoro ichashanda pane pre-yakasimbiswa chikamu.
Asi isu zvakare takanyanya kurapa zvikamu. Iyo yakapfava, yakavhurika-frame lever yakagadzirwa negrey iron yakapinda kutenderera kwakazara kwekushushikana. Hazvina kungozorodza zvinonetsa; iyo yakapfavisa zvishoma zvinhu, ichideredza kusakara kwayo munzvimbo yakakosha inotakura. Yakanga iri nyaya yekushandisa dhizaini resipi pasina kufunga. Zvino, isu tinosarudza zvichibva pane geometry, madziro ukobvu kusiyanisa, uye yekupedzisira machining kudzika. Dzimwe nguva, kune yakagadzikana, chikamu chakareruka, inodzorwa kutonhora muforoma yakakwana. Iyi yekusarudza application itsika inoenda kune yakangwara, kwete kungopfuura, kugadzirisa.
Ipapo pane machining. Chikamu chakakandwa zvakanaka chinogona kuparadzwa nehutsinye machining. Isu takabatanidza CNC machining chikamu kudzora iyi yekupedzisira yakakosha nhanho. Kutora inorema, inokurumidza kucheka pa simbi yakakandwa chikamu chinogona kubvarura iyo graphite matrix kumusoro, ichigadzira network ye micro-fractures inova nzvimbo dzekutangisa kuneta. Vedu machinists vanoziva kushandisa chaiwo maturusi ejometri uye mafidhi / nekumhanyisa kukanda kwedu. Haisi yekungorova chiyero; ndezvekuchengetedza kutendeseka kwatakashanda nesimba kugadzira mune yekutanga.
Iyo Alloying Inonyengera: Kwete Zvese zviri Superalloy
Iyo buzz inogara iri nezve exotic alloys. Asi kune akawanda maindasitiri ekushandisa, iyo durability inowanikwa kubva mukusanganiswa grey kana ductile iron yakawanda nezve finesse pane brute force. Zvidiki zvinowedzera zvemhangura, tini, kana chromium. Hatisi kutaura nezvekutamira nickel-based alloys, asi nezvekugadzirisa matrix.
Taishanda pawear plate yeconveyor system yemugodhi. Simbi yakachena yegrey yakapfekwa nekukurumidza. Ductile iron yakanga yakaoma uye inodhura. Isu takagara pane grey iron ine inodzorwa kuwedzera kwechromium nemhangura. Iyo chromium yakasimudzira yakaoma, pearlitic matrix yeabrasion resistance, ukuwo mhangura yakanatsa graphite nekusimbisa simba pasina brittleness yakakura. The durability maitiro pano takanangana ne-micro-alloying kune chaiyo pfuma profiles, kazhinji inotungamirwa nemakore ekuedzwa uye kukanganisa mumarekodhi edu. Izvo hazvina kunaka pane kutaura kuti tinoshandisa superalloys, asi kazhinji inoshanda uye inodhura-inoshanda yekushandisa.
Apa ndipo apo chiitiko chemuvambi chisingachinjike. Iwe haugone kungodhonza aya mabikirwo kubva mubhuku rekushandisa. Ivo vanotsamira pane yako base iron sosi, tsika yako yekunyungudika, kunyangwe mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo yako pakuomesa mold. Iyo yakavanzika sosi kazhinji ingori makumi emakore e data rakadhindwa.
Kukundikana seMudzidzisi Akanakisisa: Anecdote Yega
Pakutanga munguva yangu pano paQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), takave nekutadza kukuru kwakagadzirisa nzira yedu. Batch ye ductile iron gearbox inovhara yekushandisa mugungwa. Vakapasa maQA cheki ese. Mwedzi mitanhatu yebasa, takafonerwa nekutya: mitswe yaionekwa yakatenderedza maburi. Yakanga iri ngwavaira.
Kuongororwa kwakaitwa vafi kwaiva nehutsinye. Izvo zvinhu zvakasangana nodularity uye giredhi. Magadzirirwo acho aive akanaka. Mupari wemhosva? Shanduko yejecha binder system kune chitsva, chinokurumidza chigadzirwa. Yakanatsiridza mwero yedu yekugadzira mold zvishoma, asi yakashandura kutonhora kwesimba zvakaringana muzvikamu zvakakosha zvakatenderedza mabhoti. Yakagadzira nzvimbo yezvakanyanya kukwira carbide, zvichiita kuti ive brittle. Kushushikana kwekusingaperi kubva kukudengenyeka kwejini kwakawana kuti kushaya simba. Takarasikirwa nemutengi, takabhadhara mari yekutsiva, uye takapotsa tarasikirwa nemukurumbira wedu.
Kukundikana ikoko kwakatimanikidza kuti tive nemasangano ekutonga shanduko. Chero shanduko-itsva binder, inoculant nyowani, nyowani ladle liner material-ikozvino inopinda nepakati pechikwata chekutyaira uye chikamu chakasimba uye micro-analysis. Isu hatingoyedze kune yakajairwa specs; isu tinotarisa iwo akajeka microstructural shifts. Chidzidzo ichocho chinorwadza chakaita zvakawanda kunyika chaiyo durability zvedu giravity cast iron parts kupfuura chero bhuku ripi zvaro rakambogona kuita. Ndiwo maitiro anozvarwa kubva kumavanga: systemic kuomarara pamusoro pekudzingirira zvidiki zvinobudirira.
Saka, mafambiro ari kunangepi? Kure nemhinduro dziri nyore. Kuenda kune yakasanganiswa maitiro ekudzora, kubva mukufananidza kuenda kune yakasarudzika kupisa kurapwa kusvika kunyoro machining. Kuenda kune micro-alloying yakavakirwa pane yakadzika nhoroondo data. Uye pamusoro pezvose, pakuremekedza iyo durability haisi pfuma yaunoedza kuita chikamu; itsika yaunovaka mukuita. Ndiko kufinha, kungwara, kusinga taurike kudzora kwemazana akasiyana ayo hapana anoona-kusvikira chikamu chichiri kushanda zvisina mhosva makore gare gare. Ndiwo maitiro chaiwo. Iwe unogona kuwana humwe huzivi hwedu hunoshandiswa mukati memaitiro edu akatsanangurwa pane yedu saiti pa tsngtaocnc.com, asi ruzivo chairwo, senguva dzose, ruri pahwaro hwehwaro.
