Stellite alloy ke lentsoe le akaretsang bakeng sa letoto la li-alloys tsa cobalt-chromium tse hanyetsanang le mocheso o phahameng, ho apara le ho senya. "Stellite" qalong e ne e le patent ea Sehlopha sa Deloro. Ka 2012, Deloro Stellite Group e ile ea fumanoa ke Kennametal 'me ea fetoha letšoao la khoebo le ngolisitsoeng la Kennametal, le sebelisetsoang ho bua ka li-alloys tse khethehileng tse thehiloeng ho cobalt.
Motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale oa Stellite alloy:
Stellite alloy ke ea lelapa la alloy e thehiloeng ho cobalt mme haholo-holo e na le lintlha tse latelang tsa mantlha:
Cobalt (Co) : Karolo ea matrix, e nkang hoo e ka bang 50-65% ea boima bohle, e fana ka matla a matla a mocheso o phahameng le ho hanyetsa mokhathala oa mocheso.
Chromium (Cr) : Likahare tsa eona hangata li pakeng tsa 25% le 33%, 'me ke senotlolo sa ho theha lesela le letenya le sireletsang la chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃), e fanang ka motsoako o hanyetsanang le mocheso o phahameng oa oxidation le kutu.
Tungsten (W) le molybdenum (Mo) : Lintho tse ka sehloohong tse matlafatsang tharollo e tiileng. Li-tungsten tse ling kapa molybdenum li tla kopana le k'habone ho etsa li-carbides tse thata, tse matlafatsang haholo boima bo bofubelu le ho hanyetsa ha motsoako oa motsoako.
Khabone (C) : Litaba li fetoha lipakeng tsa 0.1% le 3.0%. Carbon ke ntho ea mantlha ho thehoeng ha li-carbides (tse kang MC, M₂₃C₆, M₇C₃), tse kentsoeng ka har'a matrix ea cobalt joalo ka litšepe tsa tšepe, ho etsa "skeleton" bakeng sa alloy ho hana ho roala.
Ho matlafatsoa ha motsoako oa Stellite haholo-holo ho tsoa ho matrix ea austenite e matlafalitsoeng ke tharollo e tiileng le li-carbides tse ajoang ka har'a matrix. Mokhoa ona o ikhethang oa ho matlafatsa o nolofalletsa Stellite alloy ho fokotseha butle haholo ha mocheso o ntse o phahama, e leng se etsang hore e be le botsitso bo phahameng haholo ba mocheso.
Limaraka le litšoaneleho tsa mantlha tsa Stellite alloy:
Letoto le thibelang ho roala
Stellite 1: Kereiti e phahameng ea carbon le high-tungsten e nang le boima ba ho fihla ho HRC 48-55. E na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea li-anti-abrasive wear 'me e loketse litulo tsa li-valve, li-bearings le li-liner tse sa senyeheng, joalo-joalo.
Stellite 4: Matla a phahameng, boima bo phahameng. E loketse litempe tse batang tse shoang, likarolo tsa ho roala khatello ea maikutlo, joalo-joalo.
Stellite 6: Sehlopha se feto-fetohang ka ho fetesisa le sa khale, se tsejoa e le "Jack oa mefuta eohle". E na le ho leka-lekana ho thata ka ho feletseng (hoo e ka bang HRC 40) le ho tiea, 'me e boetse e na le ts'ebetso e babatsehang ea ho hanyetsa, ho hanyetsa kutu le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng. E sebelisoa haholo libakeng tsa ho tiisa li-valve, li-valve tsa enjene le lihlahla tse fapaneng, joalo-joalo.
Stellite 12: Ts'ebetso ea eona e pakeng tsa Stellite 1 le Stellite 6, e nang le boima ba hoo e batlang e le HRC 45. E thata ebile e hanyetsa ho apara ho feta Stellite 6, 'me e loketse li-valve tsa mocheso o phahameng le oa khatello e phahameng, sawteeth, screw push rods, le li-valve tsa ho laola.
Stellite 20: Kereiti e nang le boima bo phahameng haholo (hoo e ka bang HRC 60), e etselitsoeng maemo a feteletseng a ho roala, 'me hangata e sebelisoa ho roala matsoho, lipoleiti tse sa keneng, le mehele e koalang ea rotary.
Stellite 100: E hanana le tšusumetso le cavitation, haholo-holo e etselitsoeng maemo a ho roala ka mokhoa o feteletseng, hangata e sebelisoa ho li-impellers tsa pompo, li-blade tsa turbine le lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale.
Letoto la mocheso o phahameng/e thibelang ho bola
Stellite 21: Kereiti e nang le khabone e tlase, e nang le molybdenum e nang le boima bo botle le ho hanyetsa mocheso o ikhethang. Li-blade tsa turbine tsa khase, li-valve tsa mocheso o phahameng, likarolo tsa indasteri ea nyutlelie.
Stellite 31 (X-40) : E na le nickel, e na le matla a matla a mocheso o phahameng le ho hanyetsa mokhathala oa mocheso, 'me haesale e sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa bakeng sa li-vanes tse tataisang lienjineng tsa aero le likarolo tsa li-turbine tsa khase.
Stellite 25: Likahare tsa khabone e tlase, tse hanyetsanang hantle le mokhathala oa mocheso, oxidation le sulfidation, tse loketseng likarolo tsa kamore ea mollo.
Letoto le Ikgethileng la Tshebetso
Tribaloy T-400: Lintho tse phahameng tsa molybdenum, thepa e babatsehang ea ho itlotsa ka mocheso o phahameng, ho finyella mocheso o phahameng oa ho itšehla thajana ka Laves phase, haholo-holo e loketseng li-valve tsa liheke le likarolo tsa lubrication tse se nang oli mecheng ea mocheso e phahameng le e senyang haholo.
Tribaloy T-800: Molybdenum e phahameng le chromium e phahameng, e nang le khanyetso e ntle ea ho apara ho feta T-400, e loketseng maemo a boima, a senyang haholo le a mocheso o phahameng.
Melemo le mefokolo ea Stellite alloy
Melemo
Boima bo bofubelu bo ikhethang: Ntho e hlahelletseng ka ho fetesisa ea alloy ea Stellite ke hore e khona ho boloka boima bo phahameng le matla esita le mocheso o phahameng ho tloha ho 650 ho isa ho 1000 ℃. Li-carbide tsa eona ha li qhibilihe hape ho fihlela holimo ho 1100 ℃, e leng ntho e thata bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse ngata tse entsoeng ka tšepe le nickel.
Khanyetso e felletseng ea kutu: Likahare tse phahameng tsa chromium li e nolofalletsa ho theha filimi e tsitsitseng ea "passivation" mecheng ea litaba e fapaneng e senyang, ho kenyeletsoa metsi a leoatle, asiti ea sulfuric, asiti ea nitric le khase e nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, e bonts'ang khanyetso e ntle ea ho bola ha mofuta o tšoanang le oa lehae. Haholo-holo mabapi le ho hanyetsa ho bola ha mocheso (joalo ka sulfidation), li-alloys tsa Stellite hangata li phahametse li-alloys tse thehiloeng ho nickel ka lebaka la sebaka se phahameng sa ho qhibiliha sa cobalt sulfide.
Khanyetso e hlahelletseng ea ho sesa: Ebang ke ho roalloa ha likhohlano tsa intermetallic (sekhomaretsi) kapa ho roaleha ha khoholeho ho bakoang ke maro a nang le likaroloana, Stellite alloy e sebetsa hantle haholo. E na le coefficient e tlase ea khohlano le matla a matla a anti-scratch.
Ho hanyetsa mokhathala o motle oa mocheso: E khona ho mamella liphetoho tse matla tsa mocheso (ho tsosoa ha mocheso) ntle le ho phunyeha, ho etsa hore e be e loketseng haholo bakeng sa maemo a khafetsa a ho emisa ha li-valve, hlobo, joalo-joalo.
Bothata
Matla a sa lekaneng a mocheso o mahareng: Ka lithempereichara tse mahareng (joalo ka 600-800 ℃), matla a li-alloys tsa Stellite hangata ke 50-75% feela ea li-alloys tse thehiloeng ho nickel ka lebaka la khaello ea mekhahlelo e tiileng ea ho matlafatsa.
Bothata bo phahameng ba ho sebetsa: Ka lebaka la boima ba eona bo phahameng le boima bo phahameng, ts'ebetso ea ho itšeha ea Stellite alloy e thata haholo. Hangata, ho ka amoheloa feela mekhoa ea ho sila kapa e khethehileng ea ho sebetsa, e bakang litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhahiso ea likarolo.
Khaello ea lisebelisoa: Cobalt ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa sa maano. Lipolokelo tsa eona tsa lefats'e li na le moeli ebile li ajoa ka mokhoa o sa lekanang, e leng se lebisang ho theko e phahameng ea Stellite alloy. Ka tekanyo e itseng, sena se thibela tšebeliso ea eona e kholo.
Khanyetso e fokolang ea oxidation: Ho sa tsotellehe khanyetso ea eona e babatsehang ho kutu ea mocheso, khanyetso ea oxidation ea li-alloys tsa Stellite libakeng tse hloekileng tsa mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso hangata e tlase ho feta li-alloys tse thehiloeng ho nickel.
