Xa usithi '410 stainless steel', abantu abaninzi, nkqu nabathengi abathile, ngokukhawuleza bacinga 'i-stainless, ilungele yonke into'. Ngumgibe wokuqala lowo. I-martensitic, ethetha ukuba iyaqina ngonyango lobushushu, ngokungafaniyo ne-304 eqhelekileyo. Imagnetic, inokugqwala ukuba uyayityhala, kunye ne-weldability yayo yincoko eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ndibone imizobo emininzi kakhulu apho icaciswa khona ngenxa yokuba ilukhetho olungabizi kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuqwalasela imeko yenkonzo okanye ukusetyenzwa okufunekayo. Ayilothontsi endaweni ye-304 okanye 316. Ukufumana okungalunganga kukhokelela kwiindawo ezisilelayo kwi-atmosphere eyingozi okanye ukuqhekeka ngexesha lokwenziwa. Ulwazi lokwenyani alukho kwitshathi yokuqulunqa kwiphepha ledatha (11.5-13.5% Cr, akunjalo?), Kodwa ekwazini ixesha lokuyisebenzisa, indlela yokuyimatshini, kwaye ngokubalulekileyo, indlela yokufudumala ngayo umsebenzi.
Iimpawu zeMathiriyeli kunye nokuSebenzisa kakubi okuqhelekileyo
Isibheno esingundoqo se 410 intsimbi engenasici ludibaniso lwayo lokunganyangeki komhlwa, iipropathi ezifanelekileyo zoomatshini emva kokuqina, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi ngokwentelekiso. Oko 'phakathi' ngundoqo. Kwi-atmospheric epholileyo okanye indawo yamanzi amatsha, kulungile. Kodwa phosa iikloridi, iiasidi, okanye ukufuma okuzingileyo nje ngezinto ezingcolisayo, kwaye uya kubona umhlwa. Ayilonqanaba laselwandle. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yeziqhoboshi kulwakhiwo olusetyenziswa elunxwemeni oluchaze i410 ukonga iindleko. Babonise ubumdaka obubonakalayo kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu. Umxhasi wayekhathazekile, kodwa i-spec yayingalunganga kwimeko-bume. Kuye kwafuneka sitshintshele kwi-316 ukuze sitshintshe.
Apho kukhanya kukwizicelo ezifuna ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokunxiba. Cinga ngeeshafu zempompo, izakhi zevalvu, izixhobo zokusika, okanye iiblade zeinjini yomoya. Kodwa nantsi into yokubamba: obo bunzima buvela kunyango lobushushu. Kwimeko ye-annealed, iyakwazi ukuchaneka. Nje ukuba wenze lukhuni kuyo, yithi, HRC 40-45, machining iba ngumsebenzi oyingcali. Ufuna izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, isantya, kunye nokutya. Ukuba ukhangela indawo, kufuneka ucace gca kumboneleli wakho malunga nemeko yokugqibela efunekayo. Ngaba uyafuna ukuba unikwe i-annealed ukuba umatshini kwaye unyange? Okanye ngaba uyayifuna iqiniswe ngokupheleleyo kunye nomhlaba? Lo msantsa wonxibelelwano ubangela ulibaziseko olungaphezu kwayo nantoni na.
Kulapho i-Foundry kunye nevenkile yomatshini enamava ezinto ezinzulu ibaluleke kakhulu. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye neminyaka yabo engama-30 ekusaseni nasematshinini, bebeya kusingatha oku kuhamba ngaphandle komthungo. Baza kuphosa inxalenye yabo besebenzisa iqokobhe labo okanye inkqubo yotyalo-mali, emva koko baqhubeke nokucoca okuyimfuneko, umatshini orhabaxa, unyango lobushushu (ukucima kunye nokuthambisa kubunzima obuchaziweyo), kunye nokuchaneka kokugqibela. CNC Machining okanye ukusila. Ukuzama ukwahlula ezi zigaba phakathi kwabathengisi abaninzi abangahambelaniyo kwindlela yokuziphatha kwezinto kucela ingxaki ngozinzo lwe-dimensional okanye ukuqhekeka.
Umdaniso woNyango loBubushushu: Ukuyilungisa kunye nalapho ingahambi kakuhle khona
Ukushisa ukunyanga i-410 bubugcisa bayo. Umjikelo oqhelekileyo ubandakanya i-austenitizing malunga ne-980-1010 ° C, ukucima ioli, kwaye emva koko ubushushu. Ubushushu bobushushu buchaza ubulukhuni bokugqibela kunye nokuqina kokulinganisela. Ubushushu obusezantsi (malunga ne-200-400 ° C) bunika ubunzima obuphezulu kodwa ukuchasana kwempembelelo ephantsi. Yiya phezulu (600-700 ° C), kwaye ufumana ubunzima obungcono kodwa ubunzima obuphantsi. Kufuneka ungqamanise oku nomsebenzi welungu.
Intloko esebenzayo kukugqwetheka. Ngokukodwa kunye nentsimbi enzima okanye iinxalenye zoomatshini, ukucima kwazisa uxinzelelo kunye ne-warpage. Kwicandelo elichanekileyo elifana ne-shaft okanye isihlalo sevalve, oku kunokuba yintlekele. Sakhe saba nenkqubo yotyalo-mali yeediski zevalvu eziphuma kubushushu bokuphatha ngokuphuma ngaphaya kwemida enokuhlangulwa. Isicombululo? Ngamanye amaxesha malunga nokulungiswa ngexesha lokucima, ngamanye amaxesha malunga nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamanqanaba aphakathi ngexesha lomatshini olukhuni, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka wenze uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lomsebenzi wokusila onzima emva kokushisa ukubuyisela ijometri. Ayizange nje 'yithumele ukuba yenziwe lukhuni'.
Enye inqaku elifihlakeleyo lizinga lokupholisa ngexesha lokuziphosa. Kuba utyalo mali amacandelo, i-as-cast structure inokuchaphazela indlela ngokulinganayo esabela ngayo kunyango olulandelayo lobushushu. I-Foundry eyiqondayo le nto iya kulawula iiparamitha zenkqubo yazo ukuvelisa ubume obufanayo obuziinkozo, inika iziphumo ezinokuqikelelwa ngakumbi ezantsi komsinga. Le asiyonto yeencwadi; luqokelele ulwazi lwenkqubo ekuqhubeni amawaka obushushu kunye nokuphosa.
Amanqaku oMatshini kunye nokuFamba kuMgangatho wevenkile
I-Machining annealed 410 icacile ngokufanelekileyo-iziphatha ngendlela efana nentsimbi ephantsi. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zeraki, ukupholisa okulungileyo, kwaye ulungile. Umceli mngeni kukuqiniswa kwezinto okanye imeko 'yobunzima'. Izixhobo zeCarbide ziyimfuneko, kwaye i-ceramic okanye i-CBN ingafuneka kwimveliso ephezulu yeengxenye ezilukhuni. Izinto eziphathekayo zivame ukusebenza nzima, ngoko ufuna ukusika ngokwaneleyo ukuze ungene phantsi komgangatho owenziwe ngokugqithiswa kwesixhobo sangaphambili. Ukukhanya, ukusikeka ngokukhawuleza kuya kutshisa isixhobo sakho.
I-Welding yindawo eyaziwayo yeentlungu kunye 410 intsimbi engenasici. Ithathwa njenge-weldable, kodwa ngemiqolomba emikhulu. Ubushushu bangaphambili (malunga nama-200°C) kunye noNyango lwe-Post-Weld Heat (PWHT) phantse lusoloko lunyanzelekile ukuthintela ukuqhekeka okubandayo kwindawo echaphazeleke bubushushu (HAZ). I-HAZ iba lukhuni kwaye ibe rhabaxa ukuba uyiwelyile nje uyishiye. Ndikhe ndabona iindibano ezidityanisiweyo ziqhekeka ngokuvakalayo ngelixa zizipholisa kumgangatho wevenkile. Ukulungisa i-welds okanye ukuveliswa, ukusebenzisa i-309L yentsimbi yokuzalisa ixhaphakile ukwazisa i-austenite eninzi kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa ukuqhekeka. Kodwa ngokunyanisekileyo, ukuba uyilo lubandakanya ukuwelda okubalulekileyo kwe-410, kufanelekile ukuphinda uphonononge ukhetho lwezinto ezibonakalayo.
IiNqobo zeSicelo kunye neNgqwalasela yokuFumana
Ke iphi i410 enentsingiselo ngokwenyani? Ilungele amacandelo oomatshini asebenza ngoomileyo. Iibhutsi, iigiya, kunye neziqhoboshi kwisixhobo se-oyile negesi (apho indalo esingqongileyo ilawulwayo, hayi iqula), iinxalenye zoomatshini bomatshini bephepha abaphantsi kokonakala, kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa ukutya apho iimeko zomhlwa ziphakathi kodwa ukucoceka kuyafuneka. Umlinganiselo wayo ophezulu wokuqina kobunzima emva kokuba unyango luyinzuzo.
Xa ukhangela, awuthengi nje izinto eziphathekayo, uthenga isakhono senkqubo. Ufuna umthengisi ofumana lonke ikhonkco. Ukujonga I-QSY's ububanzi - ukubunjwa kweqokobhe, utyalo mali, CNC machining, kunye namava kunye ingxubevange ezikhethekileyo-ibonisa ukuba zimiselwe olu hlobo imveliso nkqo edityanisiweyo. Kwinxalenye ebalulekileyo ejikelezayo eyenziwe nge-410, ungathanda ukuba bayiphose, ubushushu bayiphathe phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo, kwaye emva koko bayigqibe ngomatshini, bonke phantsi kophahla olunye. Oku kulawula iinguqu. Ukuthumela intsimbi engenanto kwindawo yokucoca ubushushu begeneric kwaye emva koko kwivenkile yoomatshini eyahlukileyo kwazisa i-handoffs ezininzi apho iinkcukacha zinokuhlanjululwa.
Iindleko zihlala zingumba. I-410 ihlala kwindawo eswiti phakathi kweentsimbi zekhabhoni kunye ne-nickel ephezulu ye-austenitic steels stainless. Kodwa ixabiso lilonke kufuneka libandakanye ukusetyenzwa. Inxalenye efuna umatshini ontsonkothileyo emva kokuqina iya kuba yindleko enkulu kuneyenzelwe ukugaya. Iqabane elilungileyo lobunjineli liya kuqaqambisa olu rhwebo luhle kwangethuba.
Iingcinga zokugqibela: YiNgcali, hayi iGcisa
Ukugqiba oku, 410 intsimbi engenasici sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu, kodwa sifuna intlonipho. Ayisiyo 'intsimbi engenasici' kwincoko, i-set-it-and-forget-it sense. Indlela yokuziphatha kwayo ibotshelelwe ngokusisiseko kwimbali yayo yobushushu. Impumelelo kunye nayo ivela ekuyiphatheni njengenkqubo: uyilo lokwenziwa kwezinto, chaza imeko efunekayo ngokuchanekileyo, khetha i-fabrikitor ene-metallurgical eqinisekisiweyo kunye ne-process chops, kwaye ungaze ucinge ukuxhathisa ukubola.
Iintsilelo endizibonileyo phantse zihlala zibuyela emva kwelinye lala makhonkco buthathaka-umyili oyiphatha njenge-304, umthengi uthenga kuphela ngexabiso lenxalenye, okanye ivenkile yomatshini engenazo iiprothokholi ezifanelekileyo zonyango lobushushu. Xa ikhonkco lomelele, i-410 ivelisa iindawo ezihlala zihlala, ezinexabiso eliphantsi. Lihashe lomsebenzi, kodwa elifuna umntu onobuchule bokuphatha.
