Xa umntu ekhankanya Ingxubevange 4 kwi-Foundry okanye ivenkile yomatshini, uhlala ufumana enye yeendlela ezimbini zokusabela: ukunqwala ukwazi ukusuka kwizandla ezindala, okanye ukujonga ukubhideka kwabo bacinga ukuba lelinye nje elingenasici. Ayikho enye. Kumashumi amathathu eminyaka am malunga nokungunda kweqokobhe kunye neebhedi ze-CNC, ndibone le nto isenziwa ihobe, ingasetyenziswa kakuhle, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ityholwa ngokusilela okuyinkqubo yokwenene. Asiyongxubevange yommangaliso, kodwa ukulungelelana kwayo okuthe ngqo kuyenza ibe ngumenzi ozolileyo, othembekileyo kumacandelo afuna ukuxhathisa uhlobo oluthile lokuxhatshazwa—ibhayisekile eshushu, ukubola okuphakathi, noxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kumatshini—ngaphandle kweendleko ze-superalloy. Ukubhideka kuqala ngegama ngokwalo; ayilogama elisemgangathweni elifana ne-316 okanye i-17-4PH, ekhokelela kuqikelelo oluninzi, kwaye uqikelelo luyabiza.
Inyani kuMgangatho weFoundry
Kwiziko lethu, elithe lavela kwiQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), siye saqhuba. Ingxubevange 4 ngazo zombini utyalo-mali kunye nenkqubo yokubunjwa kweqokobhe amaxesha amaninzi kunokuba ndikwazi ukubala. Into yokuqala oyifundayo kukuba ubumanzi bayo bundilisekile, hayi kakhulu. Ayigaleli njengezinye zeentsimbi zekhabhoni ezihamba simahla, ngoko ke kufuneka ulumke ngoyilo lwakho lokungena kunye nesikhuphukeli, ngakumbi kumacandelo anodonga olucekethekileyo. Ukuba uyiphatha njengentsimbi eqhelekileyo, uya kuphelela ekubeni ne-mistruns okanye i-porosity egqithisileyo. Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kwi-odolo yangethuba kuthotho lwezindlu zevalvu. Ushicilelo lwabiza iitshaneli ezintsonkothileyo zangaphakathi, kwaye sasebenzisa iplani yethu eqhelekileyo yentsimbi. Isivuno sasibi kakhulu-mhlawumbi i-60%. Imigqomo yenkunkuma yayizele ziintsimbi ezingaphelelanga. Yayingeyompazamo yengxubevange; yayiyeyethu yokungalungiseleli inkqubo kwizinto eziphathekayo.
Apho Ingxubevange 4 ngenene iqala ukubonisa umlinganiswa wayo post-cast. Ubuqhetseba bayo buhleli kumhlaba ophakathi onomdla. Ayilophupha elibi ngathi yi-nickel emsulwa, kodwa ayiyobhotolo njengentsimbi ekhonjiweyo. Udinga ukuseta okuqinileyo kunye nezixhobo ezibukhali. Sifumanise ukuba ukusebenzisa iharika entle ngakumbi kunye nokuqinisekisa unikezelo lokupholisa olugqwesileyo kumda wokusika kuphucula kakhulu ubomi besixhobo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu kumaziko ethu omatshini e-CNC. Ukuzama ukuyingxamela okanye ukusebenzisa izifakelo ezigugileyo kukhokelela nje ekusebenzeni nzima, kwaye ke ukwidabi lokwenyani. Iichips kufuneka ziphume kumbala wesilivere-blue, hayi umbala womququ obonisa ukuba utshisa isixhobo.
Impendulo yonyango lokushisa yenye inqaku le-nuance. Ayinakuguqulwa kwesigaba esimangalisayo njengeentsimbi zemartensitic. Iprothokholi eqhelekileyo ibandakanya isisombululo se-anneal elandelwa ngumjikelo wokwaluphala, kodwa ixesha elichanekileyo kunye neefestile zobushushu ziqinile kunokuba unokucinga. Sasineqela leempompo zempompo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo eyaphumelela ukuhlolwa kokuqala kodwa yasilela kuvavanyo lwentsimi ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwexesha. Emva kokukrolwa kwentloko eninzi kunye nohlalutyo lwe-metallurgical, sayilandela emva kwe-overshoot encinci kwiqondo lokushisa elidala. Itshintshe usasazo olukhawulezayo ngokwaneleyo ukuba lufake imbrittle imathiriyeli. Yayisisifundo esiziindleko zokulawula. Awukwazi ukuba sloppy ngeprofayile thermal.
Umxholo weSicelo: Apho Ufumana Ukugcinwa Kwawo
Ngoko apho kwenzeka Ingxubevange 4 eneneni iyavakala? Siye sayibona ixelwa kumacandelo amacandelo okwenziwa kwemichiza kunye nezixhobo zokutya. Ayizizo iindawo ezineasidi eninzi-ezo ze-nickel alloys eziphezulu-kodwa zisetyenziselwa usetyenziso olubandakanya ialkalis, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo kunye nomphunga. Cinga ngeeshafu zomxube, izindlu zeempompo ezingabalulekanga, okanye iintlobo ezithile zemizimba yevalvu. Amandla ayo kunye neprofayili yokumelana nokubola ihambelana ne-niche ngokugqibeleleyo, inika ubomi obungcono kunomgangatho we-304 ongenasici ngaphandle kokutsiba kwixabiso le-Inconel okanye i-Hastelloy.
Umzekelo obambekayo yayiyiprojekthi yomxhasi ofuna ii-agitators zesiko kwireactor ye-biodiesel enkulu. Imekobume yayibandakanya imethanol, ipotassium hydroxide, namaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo. I-316 yayingumviwa, kodwa kwakukho iinkxalabo malunga noxinzelelo lwe-corrosion cracking ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-duplex stainless yayigqithise kwaye inzima kakhulu kumatshini. Sicebise Ingxubevange 4. Isitshixo sasichaza ingqiqo: ukubunjwa kwayo okuthe ngqo kuchasene ne-cocktail ethile yeekhemikhali ezingcono kune-316, kwaye ukuchithwa kwayo kwasivumela ukuba sidibanise iimpawu zokunyuka ngokuthe ngqo kwi-casting, ukunciphisa i-post-machining. Amacandelo sele esebenza iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu ngoku kungekho miba ichaziweyo. Nantso indawo emnandi.
Ikwafunyanwa ikhaya kwiindawo ezithile ezinxibileyo. Siyilungisile yaba ziirola ezikhokelayo kunye neebhutsi zemigca yokuhambisa yobushushu obuphezulu. Ukudityaniswa kokuqina okushushu okufanelekileyo kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation kusebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ngekhe uyisebenzisele inkonzo yokurhabula kakhulu-kulapho ii-alloys ezisekwe kwi-cobalt zingena khona. Imalunga nokuthelekisa iprofayile yepropathi kwindlela yokusilela, hayi nje ukujula imathiriyeli enganyangekiyo kuyo yonke ingxaki.
Unikezelo lokukhangela kunye nokucaciswa
Enye yeentloko ezisebenzayo kunye Ingxubevange 4 lukhonkco lonikezelo. Kuba ayisiyiyo i-ASTM okanye i-DIN superstar, awukwazi ukufowunela yonke i-mill kwaye uyifumane. Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali, ngelixa ngokuqhelekileyo kuhambelana, kunokuba neenguqu ezincinci ezivela kwiivenkile ezinyibilikayo ezahlukeneyo. Kwa-QSY, sakhe ubudlelwane bexesha elide kunye nezixhobo ezimbalwa ezikhethekileyo eziqonda inkcazo esiyidingayo. Sihlala siqhuba uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwe-spectrographic kwi-ingot engenayo okanye ukubuyisela izinto. Elo xabiso langaphambili ligcina intywenka yemali kwizinto ezikhatywayo kamva. Ukucinga ukuba iphepha le-cert lihlala lilungile liyiresiphi yentlekele.
Oku kunxulumana ngqo nomzobo kunye nenkqubo yeRFQ. Xa sibona i-Alloy 4 kushicilelo, into yokuqala esiyenzayo kukuqhagamshelana nenjineli kwaye sicele iinkcukacha ezithile zokulawula okanye iimfuno ezicacileyo zekhemikhali / zepropati. Rhoqo, baya kubhekisa umgangatho wenkampani yangaphakathi okanye inkcazo yelifa elidala. Ngamanye amaxesha, abazi ngenene kwaye baphinda nje into ebisetyenziswa ngaphambili. Yiflegi ebomvu leyo. Siza kubonelela ngephepha lethu eliqhelekileyo lohlalutyo kunye nomjikelo ocetywayo wonyango lobushushu ukuze uphume. Oku kucaca kuthintela iingxabano phantsi komgca. Asiyonto yokuhamba; ibalulekile ekwenzeni inxalenye esebenzayo.
Siphinde sigcine isitokhwe esincinci sesiqinisekiso Ingxubevange 4 isitokhwe sebha yeeprototypes zomatshini okanye imisebenzi encinci yokulungisa. Ayisiyonto yethu yoluhlu lwempahla ephambili, kodwa ukuba nayo ikhawulezisa inkqubo yophuhliso kubathengi abafuna ukuvavanya uyilo ngaphambi kokuba bazibophelele ekuqhubeni ngokupheleleyo. Idatha yobuchule esiyiqokelelayo kule misebenzi mincinci yazisa ngokuthe ngqo indlela esiza kuyijonga ngayo inkqubo ye-CNC yokwenziwa kwemveliso.
Izifundo ezivela kwiVenkile yoomatshini
Kwicala lomatshini, ngokukodwa kumaziko ethu e-CNC e-5-axis, ukulungiswa kubalulekile. Ingxubevange 4 I-castings ingaba noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, ngakumbi ukuba sele ilungisiwe. Ukuthatha i-aggressive cut on the first op kunokubangela ukuba inxalenye ihambe, yonakalise ukunyamezelana. Sihlala siqala ngokusikwa kwesikhumba esikhanyayo ukukhulula uxinzelelo olungaphezulu kunye nokuseka i-datum yokwenyani ngaphambi kokuba siye kubunzulu bokugqibela. Yongeza inyathelo, kodwa inexabiso eliphantsi kunokukrazula indawo ekufutshane ekugqityweni.
Ukunxitywa kwesixhobo kulandela igophe eliqikelelwayo, kodwa akukho mgca. Ufumana ixesha elide lokunxiba okuzinzileyo, emva koko ukuwa ngokukhawuleza. Siye samisela ulawulo lwezixhobo zokusebenza kwiinkqubo zethu ze-CNC ukufaka iflegi yotshintsho ngokusekelwe kwixesha lokwenyani lokusika, hayi nje intelekelelo. Ukugqiba ukugqiba, sitshintshele kwibakala elinikezelweyo le-carbide kunye ne-coating ekhethekileyo, eyasinika ukugqitywa kwendawo ehambelanayo (ihlala ibetha i-Ra 0.8 okanye ingcono) kwaye sandise ixesha phakathi kokutshintshwa kwesixhobo malunga ne-30%. Oko kukusindisa okubalulekileyo kwimveliso eqhutywa ngamaqhekeza angamakhulu aliqela.
Ukugrumba kunye nokucofa kunokuba luqili, ngakumbi kumacandelo anokuba ne-micro-porosity encinci ukusuka kwinkqubo yokuphosa. I-drill eqinile, ebukhali kunye nomjikelo wokugqobhoza olungileyo kunyanzelekile. Ukucofa, siphantse sisebenzisa iitephu ezine-spiral-fluted ukukhupha iitshiphusi ngempumelelo. Ukuzama ukusebenzisa impompo yesandla okanye impompo yomatshini ogugileyo yindlela eqinisekileyo yokwaphula impompo emngxunyeni, udala intloko ebuhlungu yokuphinda usebenze kwakhona. Sifunde ukugcina iimpompo ezinikezelweyo nezibhalwe kakuhle ukwenzela lo mxholo kuphela.
Iingcamango Zokuqukumbela: Umbandela ocacileyo
Ukujonga emva, Ingxubevange 4 iquka umgaqo osebenza kuzo zonke iialloyi ezikhethekileyo esisebenza nazo kwi-QSY: akukho mathiriyeli eyongamileyo, esetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kuphela. Ixabiso layo alikho ekubeni lelona linamandla, elinamandla okumelana nomhlwa, okanye eyona ilula ukuyiqhuba. Ixabiso layo likumsebenzi wayo olungeleleneyo, oqikelelwayo, kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo ngaphakathi kweemeko ezichaziweyo. Kwivenkile yemisebenzi eyenza kuphela iinxalenye ezilula, isenokungafanelanga ingxaki. Kodwa ngomsebenzi odityanisiweyo ngokuthe nkqo njengowethu ophatha yonke into ukusuka kuyilo lokungunda ukuya kumatshini ogqityiweyo, sisixhobo esinamandla kwikhithi.
Ulwazi oluyijikelezileyo aluphumi kwi-database; isuka kwinkumbulo eqokelelweyo yezifudumezi zobushushu ezihambe kakubi, iiparameters zokumachina ezifuna ukutshintshwa, kunye neengxelo zokwenziwa komsebenzi kwintsimi ezivela kubaxhasi. Kukuhlengahlengiso oluchuliweyo umenzi wepatheni ephezulu ayenzayo kwidrafti yokubumba, okanye indlela umdwelisi weCNC ekhetha ngayo indlela yokusila yetrochoidal kwipokotho enzulu. Obo bubuchule bokwenyani obunezinto ezinje-ulwazi olubambekayo oluvala umsantsa phakathi kweempawu zethiyori kunye necandelo elithembekileyo, elisebenzayo elihleli kumgca wokudityaniswa komthengi.
Ngoko ke, ukuba ucinga Ingxubevange 4 kwiprojekthi, yomba udlule igama legeneric. Chaza imeko-bume, uxinzelelo, ukuchaneka okufunekayo. Kwaye ubambisane nomseki obuza loo mibuzo ngaphambili kwaye uneziva ezibonisa ukuba badlule kule nkqubo. Yenza wonke umahluko phakathi kwesicelo esiyimpumelelo kunye namava okufunda abiza imali eninzi.
