Xa abantu bethetha iinxalenye zokugalela iintsimbi zekhabhoni, into yokuqala ehlala ifika engqondweni ingabizi, ilula, izakhi. Yingcinga eqhelekileyo leyo. Enyanisweni, inkqubo ye-carbon steel ikhohlisayo. Ubumanzi abulunganga njengezinye ialloys, kwaye ukufumana umphezulu ugqibezele ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kweziphene ezifana nokufakwa kwe-slag okanye ukuvalwa okubandayo kufuna inkqubo ecofelwe kakhulu. Akukhona nje ngokugalela isinyithi kwiqokobhe leceramic; imalunga nokulawula yonke into ukusuka kumjikelo we-dewaxing ukuya kunyango lobushushu ukulawula loo microstructure yokugqibela. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi kakhulu zikhubeka ngokuyiphatha njengenkqubo yorhwebo.
Ucelomngeni olungundoqo: AyisiyoNtsimbi nje
Makhe sicacise. Intsimbi yeCarbon igubungela uluhlu olubanzi. I-1020 yensimbi elula yokuphosa i-bracket iziphatha ngokuhlukileyo ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokuqiniswa xa kuthelekiswa ne-1045 okanye i-4130 inxalenye ejoliswe kwisicelo somthwalo. Umxholo wekhabhoni uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuncipha, iimfuno zokutya, kunye nomngcipheko wokukrazula okushushu. Awunakusebenzisa inkqubo efanayo yokukhangela kunye neyokunyuka kuyo yonke ibhodi. Kwangoko, sasineqela leepleyiti zokunyusela, ibakala lekhabhoni eliphakathi, elalihlala liqhekeka kufutshane nesango emva konyango lobushushu. Ingxaki yayingelonyango ngokwalo; yayikukuba uyilo lokungena ludale indawo yoxinzelelo ethe yazibonakalisa kuphela emva kokucima. Kwafuneka sibuyele umva, siyila ngokutsha inkqubo yembaleki ukuze ibe nokuxolela ngakumbi, kwaye silungelelanise ubushushu bokugalela. Yongeza iveki kwixesha elikhokelayo, kodwa yawulungisa umcimbi.
Apha kulapho amava ngezinto eziphathekayo ahlawula khona. Ivenkile eyenziwe ngaphandle kwe-stainless inobunzima ngenxa yokuba i-thermal dynamics yahlukile. Ngokomzekelo, i-carbon steel ine-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal kunamabakala amaninzi angenasici, oku kuthetha ukuba isinyithi silahlekelwa ubushushu ngokukhawuleza kumacandelo amancinci eqokobhe. Ukuba iqokobhe lakho lobushushu bobushushu alenziwanga kakuhle-kwaye ndithetha ukuba lilungiselelwe elo bakala lithile kunye nenxalenye yejometri-uyakuphela unemitruns. Ndikhumbula umzimba wevalvu esiwucaphule; umxhasi unikeze ushicilelo oluyilelwe ekuqaleni ukuphosa isanti. Kwafuneka sicebise uhlengahlengiso olubalulekileyo lwendonga kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-angle eyidrafti ukuze kusebenze utyalo-mali olufakwe kwi-carbon steel. Bahlehla ekuqaleni, kodwa uhlolo lokuqala lwenqaku layingqina le ngongoma.
Enye ingongoma echuliweyo yinkqubo ye-deoxidation. Intsimbi yeCarbon ithandeka ngakumbi kwi-oxidation ngexesha lokunyibilika, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimingxuma yepini kunye neziphene ezingaphantsi komhlaba ukuba azilawulwa kakuhle. Linyathelo ekulula ukulihoya ukuba ungxamile. Sisebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-aluminium kunye ne-calcium-silicon ye-deoxidation yokugqibela, kodwa amanani achanekileyo axhomekeke kuhlalutyo olunyibilikayo. Ayikho iresiphi enobungakanani obufanayo, yiyo loo nto ukuba neespectrometers zangaphakathi kuphantse kungaxoxiswana ngomgangatho ongaguqukiyo iinxalenye zokugalela iintsimbi zekhabhoni.
Umdaniso weNkqubo yeShell
Iqokobhe leceramic ayisosikhongozeli sokwenziwa. Ukusebenzisana kwayo ne-carbon steel kubalulekile. Kwiindawo eziphezulu zokunyaniseka, sihlala sisuka kwi-standard fused silica slurry yeedyasi eziphambili xa sisebenzisana namabanga aphezulu ekhabhoni. Ukungahambelani kokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunokuba yingxaki, kukhokelela kwi-veining okanye ukuqhekeka kwegobolondo ngexesha lokugalela. Sineziphumo ezihle ngenkqubo esisiseko esekwe kwi-zircon yeejiyometri ezifunwa kakhulu. Ibiza kakhulu, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa yehlisa ireyithi ye-scrap kwiindawo ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukungena kweqokobhe lelinye iqhosha lokujika. Ukugalelwa kwentsimbi yekhabhoni kukholisa ukuvelisa iigesi ezininzi kwizibophelelo kunye neentsalela. Ukuba iqokobhe alizivumeli ezo gesi ukuba zibaleke ngokwaneleyo, ufumana irhasi porosity. Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu ngothotho lwee-impellers zempompo. Amalungu ayebonakala egqibelele ngaphandle, kodwa iX-reyi yaveza i-porosity edibeneyo kwindawo. Ukulungiswa bekuhlengahlengisa ubungakanani besanti ye-stucco kunye nendawo yokomisa phakathi kweedyasi ukwenza iqokobhe elivuleke ngakumbi. Kuvakala kulula, kodwa ukucofa kule nkqubo kuthathe phantse iinyanga ezimbini zokuqhutywa kovavanyo.
Emva koko kukho inyathelo dewaxing. Ngentsimbi yekhabhoni, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba ungaqhekeki igobolondo kwi-thermal shock ngexesha le-autoclaving okanye i-flash firing, ngakumbi ebusika. Iqokobhe eliqhekekileyo lithetha ukuphela, ingozi yokhuseleko, kunye nombhodamo. Inkqubo yethu ngoku iquka indawo elawulwayo yangaphambi kobushushu boonokrwece phambi kokuba bangene kwi-autoclave, into esiyiphumezileyo emva kokuphulukana nomthi wonke wamalungu ngenye intsasa ebandayo. Ngala ma-nuances enkqubo, ahlala ezalwa ngenxa yokusilela, ezohlula umthengisi othembekileyo kumndilili omnye.
UMatshini kunye nokuQeda: Iindleko ezifihlakeleyo
Uninzi lwabathengi lugxile kwixabiso lokuphosa ngekhilogram nganye kodwa ulibale umsebenzi osezantsi. Ikhabhoni intsimbi yokugalela iinxalenye zotyalo-mali zihlala ziphuma nomphezulu ondilisekileyo, kodwa phantse zisoloko zifuna ukwenziwa ngoomatshini. Ubulukhuni be-as-cast surface bunokungahambelani, kwaye kwimigangatho yokukhwelana okanye imingxuma enemisonto, kufuneka ucoceke, ukususwa kwezinto ezichanekileyo. Kulapho ukudibanisa kunye nevenkile yomatshini kuba yinzuzo enkulu.
Thatha inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Baneminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 besenza izinto kunye noomatshini. Oko kudityaniswa ngokuthe nkqo ngundoqo. Xa sivelisa i-carbon steel gear yezindlu, umzekelo, sele sicinga malunga nokusekwa komatshini we-CNC. Singongeza isitokhwe esincinci esongezelelweyo kubuso be-flange kodwa ngakumbi kwiipads ze-bolt ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka. Siyila ukuphosa sicinga ngeedatum zemachine. Ukuba ukuphosa kunye nomatshini kwenziwa kwiifektri ezahlukeneyo, ubeka umngcipheko wokunyamezelana kunye nezithuba zonxibelelwano. Kwindawo efana ne-QSY, apho utyalo mali kunye noomatshini be-CNC baphantsi kophahla olunye, injineli yenkqubo yokuphosa inokuhamba ukuya kwiqela lomatshini ukuze lilungelelanise kwisicwangciso sokulungisa. Inciphisa ixesha lokukhokela kwaye iphucula umgangatho wokugqibela.
Ukunyangwa kobushushu emva kokuphoswa kwenye indawo apho ukuqwalaselwa kwe-machining kungena khona. Kodwa ukuba uthe wathambisa ngaphezulu izinto, ufumana iitshiphusi zegummy ezivala izixhobo. Ukuba awuyinyange ngokwaneleyo, unxiba ii-cutters ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo sijonge ubulukhuni beBrinell kwifestile ethile, yithi 180-220 HB, ngokuxhomekeke kumxholo wekhabhoni kunye nobuchule bomatshini bomthengi. Sisenzo sokulinganisa. Sinikezela ngeekhuphoni zovavanyo ngebhetshi nganye yokuphatha ubushushu ukuze icala lomatshini liqinisekise ubulukhuni phambi kokuba baqale ukusika ezona ndawo.
Xa Isebenza, kwaye Xa Ingasebenzi
Ukuphosa utyalo-mali kwintsimbi yekhabhoni kukhanya kumalungu aneepaseji ezintsonkothileyo zangaphakathi, iimpawu zangaphandle ezintsonkothileyo, okanye ezo zifuna ukugqiba okuhle okuya kuba yindleko kumatshini osuka kwisitokhwe sebha. Cinga ngemizimba yevalvu esebenza ngoxinzelelo lwehydraulic, iiblade zeinjini yeinjini ezincinci, okanye izixhobo zompu. Ubume obusondeleyo-netha bugcina isixa esikhulu semathiriyeli kunye neeyure zomatshini.
Nangona kunjalo, akusiyo impendulo yayo yonke into. Kwimilo enkulu kakhulu, enkulu, elula, ukubunjwa kwesanti kuqoqosho kakhulu. Ixabiso lezixhobo zotyalo-mali liphezulu. Kwakhona, ukuba uyilo lwenxalenye lulula kakhulu-njengetyhubhu eqinileyo okanye intonga ecacileyo-ungcono kwisitokhwe somgunyathi okanye esenziwe ngoomatshini. Ixabiso lotyalo-mali lintsonkothile. Ndakhe ndanomthengi wacela isicatshulwa kwi-2-kilogram ye-carbon steel block enemingxuma emine nje. Sabacebisa ukuba bathenge ipleyiti baze bayenze ngomatshini. Bangagcina i-60% kwiindleko kwaye bayifumane ngokukhawuleza. Ukunyaniseka malunga nemida yenkqubo kwakha ukuthembana ngaphezu kokuzama ukuphumelela yonke iodolo.
Ukukhetha ibakala lezinto eziphathekayo kubalulekile apha. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu, izicelo zomthwalo oguqukayo, insimbi ye-alloy ephantsi efana ne-4140 okanye i-4340 ingaba yinto engcono kune-carbon steel plain, nangaphakathi kwenkqubo yokutshala imali. Ukuqina kubhetele. Sihlala sinezi ngxoxo kunye neenjineli, ukuphonononga i-FEA yazo okanye iimfuno zomthwalo ukucebisa eyona mathiriyeli inexabiso eliphantsi nesadibana ne-spec. Ukutyhala ialloyi ebiza kakhulu xa kungafunekiyo kubi nje njengokucebisa ngexabiso eliphantsi eliya kusilela.
INyaniso yoBonelelo
Okokugqibela, makhe sithethe nge-ecosystem. Ukufumana isitokhwe esingaguquguqukiyo, esikumgangatho ophezulu osezantsi wesulphur carbon steel bar stock okanye ukubuyisela ukunyibilika kubalulekile. Imicimbi yokulandela umkhondo, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziya kwiimoto okanye kwizixhobo zemizi-mveliso. Sigcina iicerts kubo bonke ubushushu. I-Foundry environment ngokwayo ifuna ulawulo-umswakama uchaphazela igobolondo, ubushushu be-ambient buchaphazela ukunyibilika. Yinkqubo yezandla phezu.
Ukusebenza nomthengisi onamava kwenza umahluko. Inkampani efana QSY, kunye namashumi eminyaka kuyo iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali, mhlawumbi uye wabona kwaye wasombulula ininzi yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo nge-carbon steel. Baza kuseka ubudlelwane nababoneleli ngezinto eziphathekayo, iinkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo zeentsapho zamalungu ahlukeneyo, kunye nendlu yangaphakathi. CNC Machining ukuhambisa icandelo eligqityiweyo. Olo lawulo lokuphela kokuphela yinto eqinisekisa ukuthembeka kumsebenzisi wokugqibela. Awuthengi nje i-casting; uthenga ulwazi oluqokelelweyo oluthintela ezo ntsilelo ezixabisa kakhulu, zokulibaziseka kweprojekthi.
Ekugqibeleni, uphumelele iinxalenye zokugalela iintsimbi zekhabhoni yehla ekuhlonipheni izinto ezinqabileyo zemathiriyeli, inkqubo ecokisekileyo kunye ne-adaptive, kunye nentsebenziswano yomthengisi ehamba ngaphaya kwe-odolo elula yokuthenga. Yi-niche ekhethekileyo, kodwa xa ukulingana kulungile, iziphumo zinzima ukubetha ngayo nayiphi na enye indlela yokuvelisa.
