Uyazi, xa abaninzi abantu becinga ngomlinganiselo weqondo lokushisa, bagxila kwinzwa ngokwayo-i-thermocouple okanye i-RTD. Kodwa kwihlabathi lokwenyani leziko, isinyithi esityhidiweyo, kunye neenkqubo zemichiza ezinobundlobongela, i ityhubhu yokukhusela i-thermouple yinto eyenza okanye eyaphula yonke inkqubo yakho yokulinganisa. Ngumgca wokuqala wokukhusela, kwaye ngokungafihlisiyo, apho iiprojekthi ezininzi zihamba ecaleni ngenxa yokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo ngokusekelwe kwixabiso kuneyona ndawo yenkonzo. Ndibone iityhubhu ezininzi ze-alumina ezisemgangathweni ziqhekeka kumothuko we-thermal okanye zigxumeke kwiiveki xa kukho into elungiselelwe ngakumbi. Ayisosingxobo nje; licandelo elibalulekileyo, elenziwe ngobunjineli.
UKhetho lweMathiriyeli ayilohlelo lweCatalog
Ukukhetha imathiriyeli yetyhubhu kwi-database yindlela yokusilela. Ithiyori ephezulu yokulinganisa ubushushu yinto enye; ukusebenza kwehlabathi lokwenyani kunye nokuhamba ngebhayisekile eshushu, umoya, kunye nokuxhatshazwa koomatshini okunokubakho kuyenye. Ngokomzekelo, sakha sasebenzisa ityhubhu ye-alumina ecocekileyo kwi-steel billet reheat furnace. Ephepheni, yayigqibelele kwi-1200°C. Enyanisweni, ukuvulwa rhoqo kocango lokungena kwe-billet kubangele imijikelezo yokupholisa ngokukhawuleza. Kwisithuba senyanga, ukuqhekeka kweenwele zaphuhliswa, okukhokelela ekufundweni okungachanekanga kunye nokusilela kwenzwa ekugqibeleni. Sifunda ntoni? Ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal ye mullite okanye i-silicon carbide inokuba ibiyeyona fowuni ingcono, nokuba iqondo lobushushu eliqhubekayo belisezantsi kancinci.
Apha kulapho isiseko sexesha elide kunye namava omatshini ebaluleka kakhulu. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye nemvelaphi yayo ye-30 yeminyaka ekukhahleleni nasekusebenzeni ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, iyayiqonda le nto kwinqanaba le-metallurgical. Abathengisi ityhubhu nje; baqwalasela indlela a i-cobalt-based alloy ityhubhu yokukhusela iya kuziphatha phantsi kwe-sulfidizing atmosphere ye-petrochemical cracker, okanye njani a ialloy esekwe nickel yenza kwiimeko ze-carburizing. Olo lwazi lusebenzayo lwendlela yokuziphatha phantsi koxinzelelo kunye nobushushu yinto eyahlula umthengisi wegeneric kwiqabane lokusombulula ingxaki.
Enye inkcukacha ehlala ingahoywa kukuvalwa kokuphela. I-Open-end, ivaliwe-isiphelo, i-capped, okanye nge-thermowell eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi? Ithubhu evaliweyo ikhusela inzwa kodwa yongeza i-lag encinci. Kwinkqubo ehamba ngokukhawuleza, loo nto ibalulekile. Sizame iityhubhu engqindilili evaliweyo ye-Inconel 600 yolawulo lobushushu be-batch reactor. Ilophu yolawulo iye yadodobala ngenxa yokuba ubunzima bobushushu bencam yetyhubhu babuphezulu kakhulu. Ukutshintshela kuyilo olubhityileyo olunodonga olunencam etywiniweyo kodwa ecociweyo yayisombulula. Ngalo mzuzu, ulungelelwaniso lwezandla apho amaphepha edatha angakuxeleli.
Inkqubo yokuVelisa ichaza ukuthembeka
Unokuba nenkcazo yealloyi egqibeleleyo, kodwa ukuba ityhubhu ayiphoswanga kakuhle okanye yenziwe ngoomatshini, iya kusilela. I-Porosity kwityhubhu yokukhusela isigwebo sokufa-iba yindlela yokungena kwegesi okanye indawo yobuthathaka besakhiwo. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yetyhubhu yentsimbi engatyiwayo eyayihlala isilela kwibhafu yetyuwa. Uhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli lwalatha kwi-micro-porosity kufuphi nendawo ye-weld ye-flange, evumela ukuba ityuwa ingene kwaye idle ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Ukunyaniseka kokuphosa akuxoxiswana.
Kungenxa yoko le nto amandla okuvelisa emva komthengisi abalulekile. Ifemu ekhethekileyo utyalo mali, njenge-QSY, inokuvelisa iityhubhu zokukhusela ezinejiyometri ezintsonkothileyo-cinga ezo zinee-flanges ezidityanisiweyo, ii-lugs ezikhwelayo, okanye ukugoba okungaqhelekanga kokukhutshwa-nokugqiba okugqwesileyo komphezulu kunye neziphene ezincinci zangaphakathi. Ngeetyhubhu ezilula, ezithe ngqo, CNC Machining ukusuka kwisitokhwe sebha iqinisekisa ukunyamezela okuchanekileyo, okubalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukulingana okufanelekileyo kunye nenzwa kunye noqhagamshelwano lwenkqubo. Ukhetho phakathi kokuphosa kunye nokwenza oomatshini akukho malunga neendleko nje; imalunga nejometri efunekayo, imathiriyeli, kunye nokuqina kodonga lokugqibela.
Emva koko kukho ukugqiba. Umphezulu owenziwe ngoomatshini ungalungela usetyenziso oluthile, kodwa kwezinye, umhlaba okanye ingaphakathi elikhazimlisiweyo linokuthintela ukwakhiwa kwemathiriyeli kunye nokwenza lula ukufakwa/ukususwa kwesivamvo. Kwii-alloys zobushushu obuphezulu, umaleko we-oxide ongaphezulu owenziweyo (isikali) unokukhusela ngokwenene, ngoko ngamanye amaxesha awufuni ukuba yenziwe ngomatshini. Yinto ephikisayo, kodwa luhlobo lwenuance oyifundayo phantsi, hayi kwintlanganiso yokuthengisa.
Ukudityaniswa kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu kwiSiza
Nokuba ityhubhu eyenziwe ngcono kakhulu inokubangela imiba ukuba udibaniso alucingelwanga. Umsonto wokunyuswa okanye umgangatho weflange kufuneka uhambelane nezixhobo ezikhoyo. Imisonto ye-Metric vs. NPT ibangele ukulibaziseka kwexesha lokuphumla kunokuba ndikhumbula. Ubude ngomnye umgibe oqhelekileyo. Kufuneka ibende ngokwaneleyo ukuze ifike kwindawo enentsingiselo yobushushu kodwa ingabi nde kangangokuba ingcangcazele kakhulu okanye ingene endleleni ye-agitators okanye ezinye izixhobo.
Sasinecala kwi-sement kiln apho ityhubhu yokukhusela, ngelixa isandi sesakhiwo, yayinde kakhulu kwaye iqinile. Ukujikeleza kwe-kiln kunye nobunzima be-clinker buildup yabangela ukuba iguquke kancinci kwisiseko ekuhambeni kwexesha, ekugqibeleni idinwe kwaye iqhekeke kwi-weld ukuya kwintloko ekhulayo. Ukulungiswa kwaba ityhubhu emfutshane encinci enekhola yenkxaso ye-beefier-utshintsho olulula loyilo lomatshini olujongelwa phantsi. Igxininisa ukuba ityhubhu ayikho yodwa; yinxalenye yenkqubo yoomatshini.
Enye inqaku elisebenzayo: ukutshintshwa kwenzwa. Ngaba unokukhupha ngokulula i-thermocouple kwi-tube ukuba iyasilela? Ukuba ityhubhu ide kwaye inamagophe amaninzi, unokufuna inzwa eguquguqukayo okanye uyilo oluvumela ukukhupha lula. Ndichithe iiyure kwi-scaffold ndizama ukuloba i-thermocouple ebambekileyo ngenxa yokuba i-tube yangaphakathi yayirhabaxa okanye ijike kancinane ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngoku, sihlala sikhankanya i-diameter yangaphakathi enkulu kancinane okanye ukugqibezela kwangaphakathi okugudileyo ixesha elide, iityhubhu ezithe tye ukunqanda obu bubusuku bokulondolozwa.
Xa ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo ziyimpendulo kuphela
Kwezona ndawo zohlwaywayo-ukutshiswa kwenkunkuma, iindidi ezithile zokunyibilika kweglasi, ukudibana ngokuthe ngqo ne-aluminiyam etyhidiweyo okanye i-zinc-intsimbi eziqhelekileyo ezingenasici okanye iialloyi eziqhelekileyo zenickel aziyi kuzisika. Lo ngumhlaba wokwenene ialloys ezikhethekileyo. Cinga izinto ezifana ne-Alloy 625, HK-40, okanye iplatinam-rhodium. Iindleko zabo ziphezulu, kodwa ixesha lokuphila kwabo kwiimeko ezithile zokubola / ukubola kunokubenza babe lolona khetho loqoqosho kwixesha elide.
Ukusebenza neqabane elinamava kwezi zixhobo kubalulekile. Umatshini okanye ukwenza ezi ngxubevange kufuna ulwazi oluthile. Umzekelo, ialloys esekwe cobalt ziyaxhathisa ngokumangalisayo kodwa zinokuba luqilima kumatshini ngaphandle kokwenza uxinzelelo okanye ukuqina komsebenzi. Umthengisi onobunzulu CNC Machining Imvelaphi yemathiriyeli enjalo iya kuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ukutya, isantya, kunye neendlela zokupholisa ukuvelisa indawo egcina iimpawu zayo zendalo. Ukukhankanywa okucacileyo kwe-QSY yokusebenza nezi ntsapho zengxubevange kubonisa umgangatho wesakhono ohamba kude ngaphaya kokwenziwa kwetyhubhu yemveliso.
Isigqibo sokusebenzisa i-alloy enjalo kaninzi sivela kuhlalutyo olungaphumeleli. Siye satshintshela kwityhubhu ye-HK-40 ye-centrifugally kwiziko lohlaziyo emva kokuba ityhubhu esemgangathweni ihlaselwe yi-carburization enzima kunye ne-embrittlement, ayiphumelelanga ngaphantsi konyaka. I-tube ye-HK-40 yahlala kwiimjikelezo ezininzi zephulo. Iindleko zangaphambili beziphindwe kathathu, kodwa ixabiso lilonke ngonyaka wokusebenza lalisezantsi, kwaye ukuthembeka kuthintele ukuvalwa okungacwangciswanga. Lolo lubalo lokwenyani.
Ukujonga Ngaphaya kweThubhu: INdibano eGqibeleleyo
Okokugqibela, kubalulekile ukucinga ityhubhu yokukhusela njengenxalenye yendibano: ityhubhu ngokwayo, inguqu okanye intloko ekhwelayo (ehlala iitheminali zoqhagamshelo), uqhagamshelo lwenkqubo (umsonto, i-flange, i-weld nipple), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha intamo eyandisiweyo yokugquma. La malungu kufuneka enziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Umbhobho unokuba yi-ceramic, ngelixa i-flange yintsimbi yentsimbi ehambelana nesitya. Zidityaniswa njani? Olu lujongano olubalulekileyo.
I-Metal-to-ceramic joints inzima kakhulu ngenxa ye-coefficients eyahlukileyo yokwandiswa kwe-thermal. Kusetyenziswa iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokuqhafaza okanye ukufakelwa koxinzelelo. Ndibone ukusilela apho ijoyinti ebonakala ngathi yomelele ibrazed yasilela ngenxa yokuba ialloy yebraze yahlaselwa yinkqubo yemeko, into engazange iqwalaselwe ngexesha loyilo. Ingqibelelo yale ndibano iphela, isoloko isenziwa ngokudityaniswa kwe iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kumacandelo esinyithi kunye nokuchaneka kwe-machining, imisela inkqubo yokuvuza-ukuqina kunye nokuzinza komatshini.
Ekugqibeleni, ukucacisa a ityhubhu yokukhusela i-thermocouple kukuzilolonga kwisayensi yezinto ezisetyenziswayo kunye noyilo olusebenzayo lomatshini. Ifuna ukubuza hayi nje ukuba yintoni iqondo lobushushu? kodwa lithini ibali elipheleleyo?—i-atmosphere, i-thermal cycles, uxinzelelo kumatshini, umhlwa, ukhukuliseko, kunye nokufikelela kulondolozo. Lelinye laloo macandelo apho ukhetho oluphantsi luphantse lube lolona lubiza kakhulu kumjikelo wobomi besityalo. Injongo kukulibala ukuba ikhona, kuba ukuba uhlala ucinga malunga netyhubhu yakho yokukhusela, ngokuqhelekileyo ithetha ukuba ayiwenzi umsebenzi wayo.
