Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'ukwenziwa kwesanti yesiko', baba nomfanekiso wendawo erhabaxa, enye indawo, mhlawumbi yeprojekthi yokubuyisela okanye iprototype. Leyo yinxalenye yayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa yincam ye-iceberg. Ubunzulu bokwenyani-kwaye apho iintloko kunye noloyiso zihlala-kukusebenzisa oko kukuko: inkqubo eguquguqukayo, enexabiso eliphantsi ukuya kweliphakathi leejeyometri ezintsonkothileyo ezingenakuchukunyiswa zezinye iindlela ngaphandle kweendleko zezixhobo eziphambeneyo. Imbono ephosakeleyo yeyokuba 'silula' okanye 'isikolo esidala'. Ayiyo. Imalunga nezinto eziguquguqukayo ezilawulwayo kwinto engokwemvelo isuntswana lenkqubo yesiphithiphithi. Ukufumana olo lawulo ngokufanelekileyo ngumdlalo wonke.
Undoqo wokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ayisiyiyo nje imilo
Ke, yintoni eyenza kube 'isiko'? Ayikokulandela nje umzobo womxhasi. Iqala ngepateni. Ngomsebenzi wesiko lokwenyani, sihlala sithetha malunga negwebu lomatshini (njenge-EPS) okanye iipateni zomthi, ezakhelwe loo msebenzi ukhethekileyo. Ipatheni yindawo yokuqala yesigqibo esibalulekileyo. Ngaba utyala imali kwipateni eyomelele ngakumbi ukuba ulindele ukuphinda iiodolo? Ndibone iivenkile zilahlekelwa yimali ngokunciphisa ipateni, kuphela ukuba zibe ne-warp emva kokusetyenziswa okumbalwa, ukulahla konke ukuphosa ngokulinganayo. Ipatheni sisiseko, ngokoqobo nangokomfuziselo.
Emva koko kuza isanti ngokwayo. Isanti eluhlaza, i-resin-bonded, i-sodium silicate ... nganye inendawo yayo. Kwipaseji yangaphakathi entsonkothileyo kwindlu yempompo, unokufuna undoqo wesanti yeresin enamandla achanekileyo ukuze ubambe imilo yawo phantsi kwentsimbi kodwa uphuke ngenxa ye-shakeout. Ukukhetha inkqubo yesibophelelo engalunganga ngumgibe wakudala. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yezibiyeli zentsimbi ezazihlala zisiba shushu iinyembezi. Saleqa ikhemistri yesinyithi kangangeentsuku ngaphambi kokuba siqonde ukuba umxube wesanti unamandla kakhulu, uthintela ukucutheka. Ukutshintshela ukwakheka, ingxaki isonjululwe. Intlabathi ayilongundo nje; ngumthathi-nxaxheba osebenzayo kumgangatho wecandelo lokugqibela.
Apha kulapho amava avela kwisiseko senkonzo epheleleyo abalulekileyo. Indawo efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye namashumi eminyaka ekulingeni, bayakuqonda oku kusebenzisana. Abavele bagalele isinyithi emngxunyeni osemhlabeni. Umba 'wesiko' uzinziswe kolu khetho luphambili lobunjineli-uyilo lwephethini, ukukhetha isanti, isicwangciso sokungena kunye nokunyuka-zonke zilungiselelwe ialloyi ethile kunye nomsebenzi wenxalenye. Ungayibona indlela yabo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, njengokubumba iqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali, kwindawo yabo tsngtaocnc.com. Obo bubanzi buxela umsebenzi wabo wokutyhilwa kwesanti; bayazi xa enye inkqubo inokuba ngcono kwaye banokucebisa ngokufanelekileyo, oluphawu lweqabane elithembekileyo.
Ukukhetha izinto eziphathekayo: Ayisiyontsimbi nje
Olunye ulongamo oluqhelekileyo kukudibanisa ukugaywa kwesanti kuphela ngentsimbi engwevu okanye intsimbi esisiseko yekhabhoni. Ngumda omkhulu lowo. Ukuguquguquka kwenkqubo kuvumela uluhlu lwasendle lwezixhobo. Senze ukwenza isanti ngokwesiko isebenza ngeentsimbi eziphezulu zealloyi, amabanga angenastainless afana neCF-8M, kunye ne-nickel-based alloys yendawo edlekayo. Ukubanjwa? Isixhobo ngasinye siziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngexesha lokuqiniswa.
Ukugalela insimbi elula ephantsi kwekhabhoni yinto enye. Ukugalela i-heavy-section casting in a stainless steel efuna ukuncipha kakhulu kwaye ithande ukucalucalulwa lelinye irhamncwa ngokupheleleyo. Izinyusi kufuneka zibe nkulu, zishushu, kwaye zibekwe ngokwahlukileyo. Izinga lokupholisa lifuna ulawulo olungaphezulu. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa imithetho efanayo yesithupha. Kulapho ukukhankanywa kwe-QSY yokusebenza kunye ne-alloys ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-nickel-based based. Loo mava aguqulela ngokuthe ngqo ekuthinteleni iziphene ezibiza kakhulu njengemingxuma ecuthekayo okanye iintanda kwizinto ezingaqhelekanga xa usebenzisa inkqubo yesanti.
Ndikhumbula umsebenzi kumxhasi wezimayini ofuna icandelo elingagugiyo. Inkcazo yokuqala yayiyintsimbi eqhelekileyo yemanganese. Ngengxoxo-eshukunyiswa kukubona imingeni efanayo kwipotfoliyo yabo-sicebise i-alloy elungisiweyo kunye neempawu ezihamba kakuhle ze-mold yesanti eyinkimbinkimbi, eyaphucula ukugqitywa komphezulu kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokugqiba. 'Isiko' lalikwimo yezixhobo, hayi nje imilo. Yabagcina imali kwi post-casting machining.
I-Handoff: Apho i-Casting idibana khona noMatshini
Esi sesona sithuba sibalulekileyo abavelisi abaninzi bomdlalo osulungekileyo basokola ngaso, kodwa akuxoxiswana kumalungu asebenzayo. Phantse hayi ukwenza isanti ngokwesiko iphuma ilungele ukuhlohla. Ifuna umatshini. Ukungaguquguquki komda ukusuka ekujuleni ukuya ekujuleni kuyinkosi apha. Ukuba inkqubo yakho yokufumana isiseko ayizinzanga, umachini wakho uza kuba nephupha elibi ezama ukufumana ii-datums, ngencoko yesixhobo kunye neebhithi ezaphukileyo ngenxa yoko.
Imeko efanelekileyo ngumboneleli odibeneyo othe nkqo. Kungenxa yoko le nto imodeli ye-QSY yokubonelela zombini ukuphosa kunye nomatshini we-CNC wangaphakathi uyasebenza. Banokuyila ukuphosa benomatshini engqondweni-ukongeza isibonelelo esincinci sesitokhwe kwiindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ushicilelo oluphambili lubonelela ngeendawo eziqinileyo, mhlawumbi nokuphosa kwiimpawu zokuqala zedatha. I-loop yempendulo iqinile. Ukuba iqela lomatshini lifumana udonga oluncinci oluhambelanayo okanye indawo enzima, banokuhamba babuyele kumgangatho wesiseko kwaye balungise inkqubo yebhetshi elandelayo. Iphelisa ukukhombana ngeminwe phakathi kwabathengisi abahlukeneyo.
Oku sakufunda kabuhlungu kwasekuqaleni. Kunikezelwe ngebhetshi yemizimba yevalvu kwivenkile yoomatshini eyayingaqhelananga nokusaswa. Baye babaphatha njengeebhilidi, bathatha inxeba elibukhali kwipasi yokuqala, kwaye babetha ukufakwa kwesanti ngaphantsi komhlaba. Inxalenye iye yachithwa, ubudlelwane bunzima. Ngoku, sisenomatshini wangaphakathi okanye sibonelela ngeengxelo zohlolo ezineenkcukacha kakhulu kunye neengcebiso zokuseta kumatshini womthengi. Ukuphosa kuphela isiqingatha semveliso; inxalenye egqityiweyo yomatshini inikezelwa.
Xa iSiko Lithetha UkuSombulula iNgxaki
Ngamanye amaxesha, ixabiso lesanti yesiko alikho ekwenzeni into entsha, kodwa kukuphindaphinda okanye ukulungisa into endala nephelelwe lixesha. Le yi-niche epheleleyo. Akukho mizobo ekhoyo, inxalenye nje eyaphukileyo, egugileyo. Inkqubo ibandakanya ubunjineli obubuyela umva, ngamanye amaxesha ngokulinganisa indawo endala, ngamanye amaxesha nge-3D yokuskena. Emva koko kufuneka uphendule ngokunxitywa kunye nokukhutshwa okujoliswe kuyo kwipateni yakho entsha.
Ndandineprojekthi yomatshini wokushicilela wakudala. Izindlu zezixhobo eziphambili zaziqhekekile. Kwafuneka siqhekeza ngononophelo imvelaphi kunye, senze isikhunta kuyo, kwaye emva koko siyila ipateni eya kwenza enye entsha ngejometri yangaphandle efanayo kodwa ngokuphucuka kwangaphakathi ukubamba ukomelela. Inkqubo yesanti yasivumela ukuba sibambe zonke ii-engile zoyilo ezifihlakeleyo kunye neelogo ngokugqibeleleyo. Ithethiwe ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo. Inkqubo efana nokufakwa kotyalo-mali ibiya kuba yinde kwaye ibiza kakhulu kwisiqwenga esinye.
Le misebenzi iphezulu, igcwele ukungaqiniseki, kwaye ayinakukhawuleziswa. Awuyiyo nje isiseko; uliqabane lokubuyisela. Kufuna umonde kunye nokuzimisela ngamanye amaxesha ukwenza uvavanyo lokuvavanya ukujonga ukuba kufanelekile ngaphambi kokuzibophelela kwi-alloy yokugqibela. Yinto echasene nokuveliswa kwevolumu ephezulu, kwaye iqaqambisa ukuguquguquka kokuphosa isanti njengenye into.
Ukujongwa kweNyaniso: Ukunyamezela kunye nokuGqiba koMphezulu
Masinyaniseke ngenkohlakalo. Ukuba ufuna +/- 0.005 ukunyamezela kwinxalenye ye-intshi engama-20 kunye nokugqiba kwesibuko, ukwenza isanti ngokwesiko sisiqalo esingalunganga. Uya kuchitha intywenka yemali ekwenzeni oomatshini ukuze ufike apho. Unyamezelo lwe-as-cast luqhelekile kuluhlu lwe +/- 0.030 kwi-intshi yokuqala, kunye nesibonelelo esongezelelweyo. Umphezulu uya kuba noburhabaxa, uphawu lwenkozo yesanti erhabaxa.
Undoqo kukulawula okulindelweyo kunye noyilo lwenkqubo. Oku kuthetha ukunxibelelana ngokucacileyo nenjineli yoyilo ngaphambili. Ngaba oko kunyamezelana kunokuvulwa? Ngaba loo ndawo ibalulekileyo inokuchongwa ukuze songeze isitokhwe esongezelelweyo apho ukuze sigqibe ngomatshini wokucoca? Ndiye ndahlala ezintlanganisweni apho siye sadwelisa imizobo ngokutsha kunye, sihambisa ii-engile zokuyila, sihlengahlengisa ukutyeba kodonga ukufana ukuphepha iindawo ezishushu, sichaza ukuphoswa kweendawo ezingabalulekanga ukonga iindleko.
Ngumzamo wobunjineli wentsebenziswano. I-Foundry ethatha iodolo ngaphandle kwale ngxoxo imisela wonke umntu ukuba angaphumeleli. Injongo kukunyusa inzuzo yezoqoqosho yokuphosa ngelixa unciphisa imisebenzi yesibini. Nantso indawo emnandi. Ukujonga umsebenzi wexesha elide wenkampani, njengeQSY's 30+ iminyaka, ihlala ibonisa ukuba bayifundile le nkalo yentsebenziswano yabaxhasi. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba babone zonke iziphene zokuyila onokucinga ngazo kwaye banokukukhokelela kude kubo ngaphambi kokuba intsimbi igalelwe, elixabiso elingabambekiyo kodwa elikhulu.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuphoswa kwesanti okuphumeleleyo kuvakala kufana nemveliso kwaye kufana nesayensi enolwazi lobugcisa. Imalunga nokwenza uthotho lwezigwebo ezinolwazi, ngamanye amaxesha ezicacileyo-ukusuka kwipateni ukuya kwisanti ukuya kwi-tem yokugalela ukuya kwisicwangciso somatshini-ukuguqula imfumba yesanti kunye nesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sibe yinto echanekileyo, esebenzayo. Kumdaka, kufuna, kwaye kwanelisa ngendlela emangalisayo xa zonke zidibene ngokufanelekileyo. Inkqubo ayitshintshwanga ziindlela zale mihla ngenxa yokuba ukuguquguquka kwayo okusisiseko akukafani nodidi oluthile lweengxaki. Kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba zeziphi ezo ngxaki, kwaye uhloniphe inkqubo eyaneleyo yokusebenza ngengqolowa yayo, hayi ngokuchasene nayo.
