Xa usiva i-'ductile iron casting', into yokuqala enokuthi qatha engqondweni yeso sakhiwo se-nodular graphite, i-spheroids esinika ukuguquguquka. Kodwa kwi-Foundry, eso sisiqalo nje. Owona mceli mngeni kukungaphumeleli i-nodularization-ezona zixhobo zisemgangathweni zinokulawula oko ngonyango lwe-MgFeSi. Kukulawula yonke into eyenzekayo ngaphambi nasemva kwaloo mzuzu ukufumana ukuphosa okungaphumeleli nje kuvavanyo lwaselebhu, kodwa kuqhuba ebaleni ngaphandle kokuqhekeka phantsi koxinzelelo okanye ukusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha ukusuka kumhlaba ongaphantsi komhlaba. Ndibone i-specs ezininzi kakhulu ezibiza nje i-ductile iron kwaye ndicinge ukuba iBanga 60-40-18 linikiwe. Ayiyo. Umahluko phakathi kokuphoswa kwesandi kunye neqhekeza le-scrap lihlala lilele kuyilo lwenkqubo ye-gating, izinga lokupholisa kwi-mold, kunye nexesha lokufa kwe-inoculant-iinkcukacha ezingakwenziyo kwisiqinisekiso sezinto eziphathekayo.
Indima Engaqondwayo Yokuqhotyoshelwa kunye Nokusebenzelana Komngundo
Masithethe ngokutofa. Ayisiyonto i-one-shot deal emva konyango. Ukugonywa komjelo kade kusemgangathweni, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa ukuba ngundo wakho yintlabathi ebandayo, eshinyeneyo yeresin, ulwa idabi elahlukileyo. Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunokukhuthaza i-carbides, ngakumbi kumacandelo amancinci, kunye ne-inoculation efanelekileyo. Ndikhumbula ibhetshi yemizimba yevalvu yehydraulic esiyenzileyo, mhlawumbi kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo. I-chemistry yayigqibelele, unyango lwaluyincwadi yokufunda. Kodwa sasinemiba eqhubekayo yobulukhuni ebusweni be-flange. Yajika inkqubo yokubumba iqokobhe esasiyisebenzisa-izinto ezikhethekileyo kwiivenkile ezifana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY) abanamava anzulu kunye iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa-eneneni yayipholisa isinyithi ngokukhawuleza kwezo ndawo zikhethekileyo. Kuye kwafuneka ukuba sitshintshe isitofu sokungunda, sitshintshele kwisitofu esinamandla esiqulethe i-bismuth, kwaye silungelelanise ubushushu bokugalela nge-15°C nje. Loo festile incinane yenza umahluko phakathi kokwamkelwa nokulahlwa. Olu luhlobo lwenkqubo ethile-nuance oyifundayo kuphela ngokuqhuba imveliso kunye nokubona iipateni kwiingxelo ezingaphumeleliyo.
Oku kunxulumana nenqaku elibanzi malunga nokusebenzisana nesiseko. Awufuni nje umntu onokugalela i-iron ductile. Ufuna iqabane eliqondayo lonke ikhonkco lokuvelisa. Umzekelo, ukuba ukuphosa kufuna amajelo angaphakathi anzima kwaye kamva CNC Machining Ukutywinwa komphezulu ochanekileyo, indlela ye-Foundry kwindibano engundoqo kunye nendlela abayila ngayo uxinzelelo oluncinci olushiyekileyo iba baluleke kakhulu. Ivenkile eyenza kuphela ukuphosa isenokungabandakanyi kuxinzelelo lobuchwephesha oluveza i-porosity efihlakeleyo. Umsebenzi odityanisiweyo ngokuthe nkqo, njengalowo uchazwe apha https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ephethe zombini ukuphosa kunye nomatshini, uyilo ngokwendalo kunye nenyathelo elilandelayo engqondweni. Bayazi ukuba babeke phi i-feeders kungekhona nje ngokuvakalayo, kodwa kunye nokushiya isitokhwe esilungileyo, esingaguqukiyo kwivenkile yomatshini, ukuphepha iindawo ezinzima ezitshabalalisa izixhobo.
Ukuthetha ngomatshini, yenye indawo apho idumela le-iron ductile ngenxa ye-machinability elungileyo inokulahlekisa. Ewe, ingcono kunentsimbi engwevu ngokobomi besixhobo, ngokubanzi. Kodwa i-machinability ye-65-45-12 ibakala inokuhluka ngokugqithiseleyo ngokusekelwe kwi-pearlite / i-ferrite ratio kwi-microstructure. Inxalenye ethandwa kakhulu yi-ferritic iya kukhupha izixhobo, ngelixa enye enepearlite eninzi (ingakumbi ukuba irhabaxa) inxiba i-insert ngokukhawuleza. I-Foundry kufuneka ilawule umjikelo wokupholisa kunye nokunyanyiswa okulandelayo okunokwenzeka ukubetha isakhiwo esifanelekileyo somatshini, hayi nje ukomelela. Sisenzo sokulinganisa.
Ukugada kunye nokutya: Apho ithiyori idibana nomgangatho
Ulungelelwaniso lwe-textbook gating sisiqalo esikhuselekileyo, kodwa bahlala besilela ekusebenzeni kwiijometri ezintsonkothileyo. Injongo kukugcwala okuzolileyo ukuphepha ukufakwa kwe-slag kunye ne-dross, kodwa kunye nokuqondisa isinyithi esishushu kakhulu kumacandelo adinga ukondla kakhulu. Kwicandelo elinzima le-ductile iron cast, njengesixhobo esingenanto okanye indlu yempompo, ujongene nokuncipha okukhulu. Yingxaki yokondla, kodwa ikwayingxaki yokwandiswa kwegraphite. Ukwandiswa ngexesha lokuqiniswa kunokuhlawula i-shrinkage, kodwa kuphela ukuba i-mold iqinile ngokwaneleyo ukuyiqulatha. Ukuba udonga lokungunda luhamba, ufumana i-shrinkage porosity. Yiyo loo nto ukhetho phakathi kwesanti eluhlaza kunye nesanti eboshwe ngamachiza (njenge-furan okanye i-phenolic urethane) ayincinci. Kwiindawo ezinentembeko ephezulu, ubungqongqo obuphezulu beenkqubo ezibotshelelwe kwiikhemikhali zihlala zixabisa iindleko ezongezelelweyo.
Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kwiprojekthi yesibiyeli secompressor. Yayilula, kodwa inecandelo elinye elishinyeneyo. Sasebenzisa inkqubo yokungena ecinezelekileyo eqhelekileyo kwisanti eluhlaza. I-castings yadlula i-X-reyi, kodwa kuvavanyo lobungqina, abambalwa basilela kwi-hub. Isiphene yayingekuko ukushwabana okuqhelekileyo; yayingaphezulu kokusasazeka kwe-microporosity. Udonga lokungunda luye lwanikezela kancinci, lwanele nje ukuthintela umbhobho kodwa alwanelanga ukuqinisekisa ukuxinana okupheleleyo. Siye satshintshela kubumba lwesanti ye-furan yelo candelo kuphela (utshintsho olubizayo kodwa oluyimfuneko) kwaye siphumeze isicwangciso esinamandla sokupholisa kanye ecaleni kwehabhu ekubumbeni. Usombulule umcimbi. I-takeway? Awunako ukuyila nje inkqubo yokungena wedwa. Kuya kufuneka uyile ukuqina komngundo kunye neemeko zokupholisa ngeenxa zonke.
Kulapho amashumi eminyaka okwenza iipateni kunye namava obunjineli bobunjineli ahlawulayo. Inkampani enerekhodi elide, ithi ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 njengoko kukhankanyiwe kwimbali yokusebenza ye-QSY, yakhe ilayibrari yengqondo yolu nxulumano. Bayibonile into esebenzayo kwi-multifold versus hub wheel hub. Olu lwazi lucwangcisiweyo lwazisa uyilo lwenkqubo yabo yokuqala, lunqanda okuninzi kovavanyo kunye neempazamo ezilahliweyo. Ayisiyonto onokuthi uyidibanise ngokulula kwisoftware yokulinganisa, nangona ukulinganisa kunceda ukunciphisa ukhetho.
IiNuances zeMathiriyeli: Ayisiyontsimbi kunye neCarbon kuphela
I-iron edibeneyo ayiyonto enye. Amabanga asemgangathweni we-ASTM (60-40-18, 65-45-12, 80-55-06, njl.) achazwa bubuncinci be-tensile kunye nesivuno samandla kunye nobude. Kodwa izinto eziguquguqukayo ezingakhankanywanga-ukuchasana kwempembelelo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, amandla okukhathala, i-thermal conductivity-ichaphazeleka kakhulu yizinto zokulandelela kunye nonyango lokushisa. Ngokomzekelo, manganese. Kwintsimbi, yinto eqinisayo. Kwi-iron ductile, i-Mn ephezulu (ngaphezu kwe-0.3% okanye kunjalo) iyahlula kwimida yeseli kwaye ikhuthaza i-pearlite, ilungile, kodwa inokwenza i-carbides ebuhlungu ukuqina kunye nobuqili. Kufuneka uyigcine iphantsi, nto leyo esoloko ithetha ukuba usebenzise intsimbi yehagu ecocekileyo okanye intsimbi.
Emva koko kukho ubhedu kunye ne-tin, esetyenziswa njengabakhuthazi be-pearlite kumabanga aphezulu amandla. Kodwa kufuneka zongezwe ngokuchanekileyo. Kakhulu, kwaye ubeka emngciphekweni wokubuyisela emva ukugodola okanye ubunzima obugqithisileyo. Ndiyibonile ibhetshi yokuphosa ekumele ukuba ibe yi-80-55-06 iphume isondele kuba udibaniso lwetoti alubalwanga kakuhle. Babomelele njengesihogo, kodwa bashwabene. Kwafuneka ziphinde zifakwe, nto leyo yongeza iindleko kunye nexesha lomjikelo. Kusisikhumbuzo sokuba ulawulo lwekhemistri yomlilo luyimihla ngemihla, uqeqesho lweyure.
Kwaye oku kuphambi kokuba ucinge ngee-alloys ezikhethekileyo. Ngelixa ii-iron ezisemgangathweni zigubungela uninzi lweemfuno zamashishini, ngamanye amaxesha udinga intsimbi edityanisiweyo ye-ductile yokunxiba okanye ukumelana nobushushu-ukongeza i-nickel, i-chromium, okanye i-molybdenum. Okanye, isicelo sifuna usapho lwezinto ezahlukeneyo, njenge ialloys esekwe cobalt okanye ialloys esekwe nickel ukuba ezinye iziseko eziphambili ziphathwa. Imigaqo engundoqo yokuphosa isandi isasebenza, kodwa ukunyibilika, ukunyanga, kunye nezenzo zokugalela zibaluleke ngakumbi. Umda wempazamo uyacutheka. I-Foundry elawula ngempumelelo ezi mathiriyeli zangaphandle kusenokwenzeka ukuba inolawulo olungqongqo olufunekayo ukwenza umgangatho obalaseleyo wokusatywa kwentsimbi.
Inyani yoNyamezelo lweDimensional kunye nokuQeda
Enye intloko esebenzayo kukubamba imilinganiselo. I-iron ene-Ductile ine-pattern ephawulekayo yesibonelelo sokunciphisa, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-0.8-1.0%. Kodwa ayifani. Ukuphosa okude, okuthe tyaba kuya kujika ngokwahlukileyo kune-compact, cubic one. Ipateni ngokwayo kufuneka ilungiswe ngenxa yoku kuphazamiseka okulindelekileyo, okungaphezulu kobugcisa kunenzululwazi. Sisebenzisa ukuskena kwe-3D kwinqaku lokuqala lokuphosa ukuthelekisa kwimodeli ye-CAD, emva koko sihlengahlengise ipateni ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Idla ixesha.
Ukugqitywa komphezulu yenye into ekhazimlayo. Indawo ecocekileyo, egudileyo njenge-cast ayingobuhle nje; iyanciphisa ixesha lokucoca, iphucula i-coating adhesion, kwaye ingaba yinto yokuphila yokukhathala. Ubuhle besanti yokubumba (inombolo ye-AFS) kunye nohlobo lokugquma i-mold lungundoqo. Umphezulu wesanti orhabaxa, otshileyo udla ngokubonisa iqondo lobushushu eligalelayo eliphezulu kakhulu, okanye isanti enokuchaneka okuphantsi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, umphezulu orhabaxa kancinci kwiindawo ezingabalulekanga lurhwebo olwamkelayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuzaliswa okupheleleyo kwamacandelo amancinci. Lubizo lomgwebo.
Apha kulapho imodeli yenkonzo epheleleyo ibonisa ixabiso layo. Xa iziko elifanayo linoxanduva lokuphosa kunye nokulandelayo CNC Machining, bathatha umbono opheleleyo wenxalenye. Basenokugqiba kwelokuba bashiye i-2mm eyongezelelweyo yesitokhwe kubuso obuthanda ukudityaniswa nesanti, besazi ukuba ivenkile yabo yoomatshini inokuyicoca ngokuthembekileyo. Bayila uyilo lokuphosa kunye nesango lokungena ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokucoca. Oku kudityaniswa kuphelisa ukukhombana ngeminwe okwenzekayo phakathi kwabathengisi abahlukeneyo kunye noomatshini xa kuvela ingxaki. Ugxininiso luhlala ekuhambiseni icandelo eligqityiweyo, elisebenzayo.
Ukujonga Ngasemva kwaye Ukuqhubela Phambili
Emva kweminyaka kule ntsimi, uqala ukubona isinyithi se-ductile kungekhona njengempahla yempahla, kodwa njengenkqubo. Inkqubo ibandakanya izinto zentlawulo, inkqubo yonyango, uyilo lokubumba kunye nezixhobo, umkhuba wokugalela, kunye nemisebenzi yokuphosa emva. Ubuthathaka kulo naliphi na ikhonkco libonisa kwinxalenye yokugqibela, ngamanye amaxesha ngokukhawuleza, ngamanye amaxesha emva kweenyanga kwintsimi. Eyona Foundries ingcono ayisebenzi nje la manyathelo; bayasiqonda isizathu-kunye-nesiphumo sobudlelwane phakathi kwabo.
Yiyo loo nto xa ndivavanya umthengisi, ndijonge kancinci kumabango abo okuthengisa nangaphezulu kwindlela yabo yokusombulula iingxaki. Ngaba banamaphepha enkqubo eneenkcukacha zomsebenzi ngamnye? Ngaba banokuchaza ukuba kutheni bekhethe ubungakanani obuthile bokutya okanye ubushushu bokugalela? Ngaba babhala ukutenxa kunye neziphumo? Iqabane elinobuchule bobugcisa, elifana neli lichazwe kwintshayelelo elinamashumi amathathu eminyaka yokugxila iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa, utyalo mali, kunye nobuchwephesha, ngokuqhelekileyo olu qeqesho lumiliselwe. Iwebhusayithi yabo, tsngtaocnc.com, iingcebiso kobu bubanzi besakhono, obucebisa ukuba basombulule uluhlu olubanzi lwemingeni yobugcisa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemathiriyeli, ukusuka intsimbi kwaye intsimbi kwabo ialloys ezikhethekileyo.
Ekugqibeleni, uphumelele i-ductile iron cast imalunga nokungaguquguquki okulawulwayo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nolwazi. Akukho ndlela ilungileyo, kuphela yindlela evelisa isandi, inxalenye esebenzayo yoyilo olunikiweyo, ngexabiso, nangexesha. Bubuchule obuxhaswe yinzululwazi, kwaye kukuqokelelwa kwezifundo ezincinci, eziphumelele nzima-ezihlala zivela kwiintsilelo-nto leyo eyahlula isiseko esinobuchule nesithembekileyo ngokwenene. Injongo kukuhlala kukwenza inkqubo iqikelelwe, ngoko ke ukusebenza kokuphoswa kwizandla zomthengi akunakuthandabuza.
