Xa umntu esithi iindawo ezichaneke kakhulu, iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela ngqo kukunyamezelana okuqinileyo kumzobo. ± 0.005mm, Ra 0.4, ukuba uhlobo into. Nantso umphezulu. Incoko yokwenyani, le yenzeka kumgangatho wevenkile okanye ngexesha lokufowuna okungxamisekileyo kumthengisi, imalunga nayo yonke into eyenzekayo phakathi kwaloo manani. Kumalunga nozinzo-hayi nje lomatshini, kodwa wemathiriyeli, inkqubo, kunye nokusingqongileyo phezu kwemveliso eqhutywa ishumi lamawaka amaqhekeza. Kulapho ukuchaneka kwethiyori kuhlangabezana nobunyani bokwandiswa kobushushu, ukunxitywa kwesixhobo, kunye nokungangqinelani okufihlakeleyo kwibhetshi yesitokhwe sebha yentsimbi. Uninzi lwabathengi, ngakumbi abo basanda kukhangela, balungisa i-callout yokunyamezela njengeyona metric yomgangatho kuphela. Leyo yokuqala, kwaye ihlala ibiza kakhulu, ukungaqondi kakuhle.
ISiseko: Iqala ngokungenanto
Awunakho ukuchaneka komatshini kwinxalenye ukuba ijometri yokuqala iyimfihlakalo. Apha kulapho intsebenziswano phakathi kokuphosa kunye nomatshini iba yinto engaxoxiswana. Ndizibonile iiprojekthi zisilela ngenxa yokuba umphezulu owenziwe ngoomatshini obuhle uveze i-porosity ngaphantsi nje, isiphene esazalwa kwinqanaba lokuphosa kwiiveki ezidlulileyo. Kuba yinyani iindawo ezichanekileyo, iplani yobumatshini sisenzo sokugqibela. Isenzo sokuqala kukudala into eqikelelwayo, exineneyo, kwaye ezinzileyo kufutshane ne-net-shape. Kungenxa yoko le nto iinkampani ezilawula zombini ukuphosa kunye noomatshini phantsi kophahla olunye, njenge Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), yiba nomphetho owahlukileyo. Iminyaka yabo engamashumi amathathu kwiqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali kuthetha ukuba bayayiqonda indlela yokwenza into engenanto-isiseko-somatshini olandelayo. Imalunga nokuyila inkqubo yokuphosa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kunye nokubonelela ngobunzima bodonga olungaguqukiyo, ke xa inxalenye ibetha i-CNC, ayilwi ngokuchasene nemikhosi yangaphakathi ezama ukuyijika njengoko isusiwe.
Ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo apha lubalulekile, kwaye alukho malunga neepropati zokugqibela. Sithetha ngobuchule. I-alloy esekwe kwi-nickel ephezulu inokuchazwa ukumelana nobushushu, kodwa ukuthambekela kwayo kokuqina kunokuguqula umsebenzi olula wokugrumba ube yiphupha elibi lezixhobo eziqhekekileyo kunye nejometri yomngxuma ochaphazelekileyo. Ukuchaneka akukho nje kwinqanaba lokugqibela; kukukwazi ukuqikelela kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukufikelela loo mlinganiso kuyo yonke inkqubo yokusika. Ngamanye amaxesha, ingxoxo kufuneka ibuyele umva kwinjineli yoyilo: Singalubamba olu kunyamezelana, kodwa ngaba siye sayiqwalasela le ndlela ingxubevange eneempawu ezifanayo kodwa uzinzo olungcono lomatshini? Inokonga i-30% kwiindleko zezixhobo kwaye iphucule ukuhambelana kwebhetshi. Lubizo olusebenzayo, olusemthethweni.
Ndikhumbula icandelo levalve yehydraulic, i-manifold encinci kwi-ductile iron. Inkcazo yayiqinile kwi-bore concentricity. Iibhetshi zokuqala ezivela kumthombo osemgangathweni wesiseko zazigcwele yonke indawo emva komatshini. Ingxaki? Ukushwabana kweMicro-kwi-casting ebingabonakali kumphezulu kodwa idale ubulukhuni obungalinganiyo. Umsiki uya kuphambuka kancinci, ngokungalindelekanga. Isisombululo yayingeyiyo i-CNC ethandwayo; ibihlaziya isango lokungena kunye nesinyusi kwisixokelelwano sokuphosa ukuqinisekisa ukuqina komkhombandlela. Olu luhlobo lomsebenzi wengcambu owahlula abenzi benxalenye kumaqabane achanekileyo. Imvelaphi ye-QSY, eqalayo iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa ukuya CNC Machining, yakhelwe ukusombulula ezi ngxaki zidibeneyo.
Umdaniso wokuMachining: Ubungqongqo, uLawulo lweThermal, kunye nomlinganiselo
Kulungile, unesithuba esihle. Ngoku eqongeni wonke umntu ubona ngombono: iziko lomatshini. Apha, ukuchaneka ngumdaniso phakathi kokuqina, ukuzinza kwe-thermal, kunye ne-metrology. Ivakala isisiseko, kodwa olona tshaba lukhulu bubushushu. Ubushushu be-spindle, i-axis drive ubushushu, ukuguquguquka kobushushu be-ambient, kwanobushushu obuveliswa ngokuzisika. Ngenxalenye efuna ukuchaneka kwe-micron-level, ukuqhuba umatshini kwivenkile ene-10 ° C swing phakathi kobusuku nemini yinto engaqaliyo. Uleqa umsila wakho imini yonke. Bendikwindawo apho kuye kwafuneka basebenzise ulawulo lwemozulu olulula kwiseli echanekileyo ngaphambi kokuba baqalise ukuthetha ngokubamba izishumi.
Emva koko kukho ulawulo lwesixhobo. Ayisiyonto nje yokusebenzisa izixhobo zeprimiyamu. Imalunga nenkqubo eqeqeshekileyo yokulandelela ubomi besixhobo kunye nokulindela ukuguga phambi kokuba siphume kwi-Special. Kwixesha elide lamacandelo, sinokucwangcisa isixhobo esincinci sohlengahlengiso kwiseti yexesha, ngokusekwe kwidatha yokunxiba yembali yaloo ndibaniselwano yesixhobo semathiriyeli ethile. Lulungiso olusebenzayo. Ukuseta kwaye uyilibale ingqondo iqinisekisa i-scrap. Apha kulapho amava omsebenzisi-imvakalelo kunye neliso-zisabalulekile, kunye nemigca ezenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuva utshintsho oluncinci kwisandi esisikiweyo, ukuqaphela umbala we-chip eyahlukileyo okanye ifom, kunokubangela ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwaye kuthintele ibhetshi yonke ukuba ihambe ecaleni.
Nomlinganiselo. Intetho yakudala ethi awukwazi ukuyilawula into ongayilinganisiyo yivangeli. Kodwa ayikokuba neCMM kuphela. Imalunga neqhinga lokulinganisa. Ngaba ujonga inxalenye yokuqala, inxalenye yokugqibela, kunye nesampulu engaqhelekanga phakathi? Yintoni igeyi yakho yeR&R? Ngaba indawo izinzile ngokweqondo lokushisa ngaphambi kokuba uyilinganise? Ndiye ndaxoxisana nabahloli bomgangatho abalinganise indawo entsha kumatshini, ishushu ekubambeni, kwaye bayihlaba umkhosi njengokunganyamezeli. Emva kweyure, kwi-20°C, kwabonakala. Inkqubo kufuneka iphendule ngoku. Kwezona mpawu zibalulekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kwinkqubo yokujonga ngqo kwisixhobo somatshini yeyona ndlela yokuhlawula ezi ziguquguqukayo zexesha lokwenyani.
Ikhadi elikhethekileyo le-alloys Wild
Kulapho izinto ziba nomdla kuzo, kwaye zihlala zibiza kakhulu. Cobalt-based okanye ialloys esekwe nickel echazwe kwiimeko-bume ezigqithisileyo zizisa imingeni yazo eyodwa kumdlalo ochanekileyo. Amandla abo kunye nokumelana nomhlwa kuza kwiindleko zokuba zizilwanyana ngokupheleleyo kumatshini. Basebenza nzima ngokukhawuleza, bayarhabula, kwaye bayathanda ukubamba ubushushu kanye kwindawo yokusika.
Ukuchaneka kulo mxholo kuyatshintsha ukusuka kulawulo olusulungekileyo lwejiyometri ukuquka nokugqibelela komphezulu. Ungayimatshini inxalenye ukuya kumlinganiselo ogqibeleleyo, kodwa ukuba uye wabangela iintanda ezincinci okanye umaleko woxinzelelo oluphezulu kumphezulu ngeeparitha zokusika ezingalunganga, inxalenye iya kusilela kwinkonzo kwangaphambi kwexesha. Ukuchaneka kukwimeko engaphantsi komhlaba. Oku kufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zejometri (iikona ezibukhali, ezikhazimlisiweyo), ukuseta okuqinileyo ukunqanda ukuncokola, kwaye rhoqo, isantya esisezantsi sokusika kunye namazinga aphezulu okutya-indlela echaseneyo yobuchule bomatshini abaninzi abasetyenziselwa intsimbi. Isicelo sokupholisa siba sibalulekileyo; ayisiyonto nje yokupholisa, kodwa ukuthambisa kwaye uncede ukukhupha iitshiphusi phambi kokuba ziphinde zisike kwaye zonakalise umphezulu.
Sasebenza kwi-injini ye-injini yokutywina kwi-alloy ye-nickel. I-flatness kunye ne-parallelism specs beziqinile kakhulu. Iinzame zokuqala, zisebenzisa i-carbide ezifakelweyo eziqhelekileyo, zahlala zisilela kwi-flatness. Inxalenye yayinodonga olucekethekileyo kwaye imikhosi yokusika, nokuba incinci, yayibangela i-elastic deformation eyaneleyo ngexesha lomatshini ukuze ibuye ingalingani emva koko. Isisombululo sasiyinkqubo yamanyathelo amaninzi: i-roughing, unyango lobushushu lokunciphisa uxinzelelo, emva koko u-semi-finishing, ulandelwa kukugqithiswa kokugqiba kokugqibela usebenzisa i-wiper insert kunye ne-wiper cut cut, phantse i-skimming pass, ukucoca ngaphandle kokwenza uxinzelelo olutsha. Yayiyinkqubo ecothayo, eneendleko, kodwa yayikuphela kwendlela yokufikelela ukuchaneka okuzinzileyo. Le yi-nuance elahlekileyo kwi-RFQ elula.
Iintsilelo kunye neZifundo Abaziqingqayo
Awufundi ngokuchanekileyo kumabali empumelelo kuphela. Uyifunda kwiingozi, imigqomo ye-scrap, kunye nokubuyisela umthengi. Isifundo esinye sakwangoko, esibuhlungu sibandakanya ibhetshi yezindlu zentsimbi engenastainless. Babeziindawo eziguquliweyo ezilula ezinendawo yokugalela echanekileyo. Baluphumelele uhlolo lokugqibela kakuhle. Emva kwenyanga, umxhasi wabika ukungaphumeleli-i-slots yayiye yanda kancinci, ibangela ukungahambi kakuhle kwenzwa. Sasididekile.
Umoni? Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olusuka kwisitokhwe sokuqala sebha kunye nolandelelwano lwethu lomatshini. Siye sajika i-OD kunye ne-ID, emva koko sigalela i-slot, eyakhupha iingcinezelo ezivaliweyo kwaye yavumela inxalenye ukuba iphazamise ixesha elide, into ebizwa ngokuba yi-stress relaxation. Ukuchaneka esakulinganisa ngosuku lokuqala yayiyinkohliso. Ukulungiswa yayikukutshintsha ukucwangciswa kwemisebenzi kunye nokongeza iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi loxinzelelo loxinzelelo lwe-thermal emva komatshini olukhuni, ngaphambi kokusikeka okuchanekileyo kokugqibela. Yongeza inyathelo kunye neendleko, kodwa yaqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye ihleli. Loo mava ayitshintshe ngokusisigxina indlela esilujonga ngayo ucwangciso lwenkqubo. Ayisiyonto nje ekhawulezayo okanye eyona ilungileyo ulandelelwano lomatshini; imalunga neyona izinzile.
Enye indawo yokungaphumeleli eqhelekileyo kukucinga ukuba umzobo ulungile. Sakhe safumana imodeli yezindlu ze-aluminiyam ezintsonkothileyo ezinendawo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Ukupakishwa konyamezelo kwakunoburhalarhume kodwa kufikeleleka ngokwethiyori. Emva kokuzabalaza ukubetha zonke izikhundla ngaxeshanye, sahlala phantsi sayilinganisa yonke indibano. Kwavela ukuba, umyili wokuqala wayeneendawo ezisekelwe kwiidatha ezininzi ngendlela eyadala impixano-ukubetha iseti enye yokunyamezelana okuqinisekisiweyo kophula enye. Kwafuneka sibuyele kumxhasi kwaye sibe nencoko engathandekiyo ngamanye amaxesha ukuseka kwakhona iidatum ezisebenzayo eziphambili. Isifundo: Ukuchaneka kokwenyani kufuna intsebenziswano kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kucela umngeni kuyilo ukwenza ukuba wenziwe. Iqabane elilungileyo njenge QSY aliyi kucaphula nje ngokumfamekileyo ushicilelo; baya kuzibandakanya kuphononongo lwe-manufacturability, bebuza ukuba kutheni emva kokunyamezelana, ukufumana eyona ndlela inamandla yokufika apho.
Eyona nto inikezelwayo: Ukuqikelelwa
Ngoko, sithengisa ntoni ngokwenene xa sithetha iindawo ezichanekileyo? Asiyonxalenye enye elinganiswa ngokugqibeleleyo elebhu. Kukuqikelelwa. Kukuzithemba ukuba inxalenye ye-10,000 kwibhetshi iya kwenza ngokufanayo neyokuqala, kwaye iya kuqhubeka iqhuba ebaleni ubomi bayo obucetyiweyo. Oku kuqikelelwa yimveliso yayo yonke into ekuxoxwe ngayo: iinkqubo ezisisiseko ezilawulwayo (ukuphosa), ubugcisa obuchwephesha obunokwazisa ngendalo esingqongileyo, i-metrology eqeqeshekileyo, kunye nolwazi olunzulu lwemathiriyeli.
Apha kulapho ubomi obude bomthengisi kunye namandla adibeneyo ahlawulayo. Inkampani eye yadlula kwimijikelo yoshishino emininzi, njengembali yeminyaka engama-30 ye QSY, uye wadibana kwaye wasombulula ezi ngxaki kuluhlu olukhulu lwemathiriyeli ukusuka intsimbi kwiialloys ezikhethekileyo. Olo lwazi lweziko lokuba yintoni enokuhamba gwenxa lufakwe kwisicwangciso senkqubo yabo. Abalandeli nje inkqubo; balindele amanqaku amancinci.
Ekugqibeleni, ukufuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu luqeqesho olupheleleyo. Idibanisa isithando somlilo kwibhentshi yokugqiba. Iyayihlonela impatho yemathiriyeli njengobuchule bomatshini. Kwaye iyaqonda ukuba ukunyamezela okubalulekileyo kubo bonke kukunyamezela ukungaqiniseki-osebenza ngokucwangcisiweyo ukuphelisa, ukuguquguquka okukodwa okulawulwayo ngexesha.
