Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'iindawo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu', bakhawuleza bacinge ngebakala lezinto eziphathekayo—Inconel 718, Hastelloy X, loo nto. Leyo yimpazamo yokuqala, kwaye edla ngokuba nkulu. I-spec sheet ngumgca wokuqala nje. Umceli mngeni wokwenyani uqala xa uthatha laa ngxubevange igqibeleleyo kwaye kufuneka uyijike ibe licandelo elisebenzayo elingasindi nje kubushushu, kodwa ibhayisekile eshushu, i-oxidation, uxinzelelo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umoya ongcolisayo, zonke ngaxeshanye. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi zimile kuba ugqaliselo lwalukwisatifikethi semathiriyeli kuphela, hayi kulo lonke uhambo olusuka kwibillet ukuya kwindawo efakiweyo.
UJongo loBunyani boMveliso
Makhe sithethe ngokuphosa, ngokukodwa kwiijometri ezintsonkothileyo. Awukwazi ukugalela nayiphi na i-alloy ye-high-temp kuyo nayiphi na i-mold kwaye unethemba lokuhle. Nge-alloys esekwe kwi-nickel, umzekelo, ipateni yokuqinisa yinto yonke. Ukuba uyifumana ingalunganga, ugqiba nge-micro-shrinkage okanye iinyembezi ezishushu ezinokudlula uhlolo olubonakalayo kodwa ziya kusilela ngokupheleleyo phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-thermal enkonzweni. Safunda oku ngendlela enzima kwiminyaka eyadlulayo kwiprototype yezindlu ze turbine. Izinto eziphathekayo zazigqibelele ephepheni, kodwa inkqubo yokuphosa yazisa iziphene zangaphakathi ezibonise kuphela emva kwe-50 imijikelezo ye-thermal ekuvavanyeni-isifundo esineendleko zokufaneleka inkqubo, kungekhona nje izinto eziphathekayo.
Apha kulapho amava e-Foundry eba yinto engaxoxiswana ngayo. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), kunye namashumi amathathu eminyaka kwiqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali, uyakuqonda oku ngokusondeleyo. Iwebhusayithi yabo, tsngtaocnc.com, dwelisa umsebenzi wabo nge-cobalt kunye ne-nickel-based alloys. Undoqo asikokuba baludwelise; kukuba baye baphuhlisa iindlela zokungena kunye neeparamitha zokugalela ukwenza ezo ngxubevange ziziphathe. Kwindawo enokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, i-as-cast-grain structure ngumgca wakho wokuqala wokukhusela. Ukufumana oko kulungileyo kufuna umdibaniso wobugcisa kunye nenzululwazi ozifumana kuphela ngokuphindaphindiweyo, okuhlala kubuhlungu, ukuzama kunye neempazamo.
Emva koko kuza oomatshini. Ukutshiza i-superalloy yobushushu obuphezulu sisilo esahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ayifani nentsimbi. Ezi ngxube zisebenza ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba indlela yakho yesixhobo, isantya, okanye ukutya kucinyiwe, awupheleli nje ekudinweni isixhobo-uguqula ingqibelelo yomphezulu wenxalenye, usenza umaleko wezinto ezicinezelekileyo, eziqhekekileyo ezithi zibe yindawo yokuqalisa ukusilela phantsi kobushushu. Ukukhetha okupholileyo kunye noxinzelelo lwesicelo kubaluleke kakhulu apha ukulawula ubushushu kwindawo yokusika. Lulungelelwano olubuthathaka phakathi kokususa izinto kwaye kungonakalisi i-substrate ozama ukuyigcina.
UMtyholi kwiiNkcukacha zeSicelo
Ukuchaza 'ubushushu obuphezulu' linyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo. Ngaba i-800 ° C iyaqhubekeka? Okanye i-1100 ° C ngokugqabhuka okufutshane? Umahluko uyalela yonke into. Kubushushu obuphezulu obuqhubekayo, ukuxhathisa kwe-oxidation kudla ngokuba yinto ethintelayo. Unokufuna unyango oluthile olungaphezulu okanye ucinge ngosapho olwahlukileyo lwe-alloy. Ukusetyenziswa kwebhayisekile, njengakwinkqubo yokukhupha, ukudinwa kwe-thermal ngumbulali. Apha, i-coefficient ye-material yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye namandla ayo ahambahambayo ziinkwenkwezi zomboniso. Inxalenye engashukumiyo kakhulu kubushushu inokuqhekeka kuxinzelelo olwakhiweyo.
Ndikhumbula icandelo levalvu kumgca wokusetyenzwa kweekhemikhali. Izinto eziphathekayo zaziyi-standard high-temp stainless. Iphumelele zonke iimvavanyo zokuqala zoxinzelelo olushushu. Kodwa kweso sityalo sacinywa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokuphazamiseka—ulwelo olupholileyo ngequbuliso. Olo sothuko lwe-thermal lwadala iintanda zeenwele ekungekho mntu wayecinga ukuzivavanya. Ukulungiswa bekungeyiyo i-alloy engaqhelekanga, kodwa ukuyilwa kwakhona kwijometri exolela ngakumbi kunye nokutshintshela kwinqanaba elinokumelana nokothuka kwe-thermal. Indawo yokwenyani yesicelo, ingeyiyo eyona ifanelekileyo kumzobo, yayalela isisombululo.
Yiyo loo nto intsebenziswano nomenzi ibalulekile. Xa ukhangela, awuthengi nje inxalenye; uthenga isakhono sabo sokusombulula ingxaki. Kufuneka ukwazi ukuthetha, Oku kuya kubona imijikelezo ekhawulezayo ukusuka kwi-950 ° C ukuya kwi-400 ° C kwi-atmosphere ephethe isulfure, kwaye babuye neziphakamiso kwizinto zombini kunye nendlela yokuvelisa. Ngaba inkqubo yabo yotyalo-mali ingafikelela ukugqiba okuyimfuneko ukuze kuncitshiswe iziza zokuqaliswa kokuqhekeka? Ngaba ukucutshungulwa kwabo kwe-CNC kungaqinisekisa uxinzelelo olucinezelayo kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo?
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo: Ibhalansi yePragmatic
Kukho uluhlu oluphezulu kwimathiriyeli yobushushu obuphezulu, kunye neerokethi ezixabisa phezulu ngesakhono. Ngamanye amaxesha, eyona superalloy ye-crystal ephezulu kakhulu ingaphezulu. Intsimbi eyenziwe kakuhle enemijelo yokupholisa yangaphakathi inokusombulula ingxaki ye-700 ° C ngeqhekeza lexabiso. Iqhinga kukwazi apho imibundu iphi. Kwizicelo ezininzi zoshishino kwi-700-1000 ° C, i-alloys-based alloys efana ne-Inconel 625 okanye i-718 yi-workhorses. Banikezela ngolungelelwaniso olulungileyo lwamandla, ukuxhathisa kwe-oxidation, kunye nokwenziwa.
Kodwa nangaphakathi koko, unokhetho. Yenziwe vs. Kwimilo entsonkothileyo, ukuphosa kudla ngokuba yeyona ndlela isebenzayo. Ingcali efana ne-QSY, inikezela zombini utyalo mali kunye nokulandelayo CNC Machining, ibonelela ngokuqhubekayo. Banokuvelisa i-close-net-shape kwi-alloy-performance alloy ngokuphosa kwaye emva koko ngomatshini iindawo zokutywina ezibalulekileyo okanye imingxunya yebholiti ngokuchanekileyo, ukugcina imfezeko yezinto eziphathekayo kulo lonke ikhonkco. Olu lawulo ludityanisiweyo luyinzuzo enkulu-uyawuphepha umngcipheko wevenkile yoomatshini engenamava kwi-superalloys eyonakalisa ukuphosa okulungileyo ngokugqibeleleyo.
Enye into esoloko ingahoywa kukulungisa i-weld. Ngaba ukulungiswa kuvumelekile kwi-casting? Kwezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo ezijikelezayo, akunjalo. Kwicandelo le-static structural kwi-oven, mhlawumbi iyamkeleka. Esi sigqibo kufuneka senziwe kwangaphambili kunye nesiseko, njengoko sichaphazela indlela abafaneleka ngayo inxalenye kunye nokuba yeyiphi imigangatho yokuhlola abayisebenzisayo. Luphawu olusebenzayo, oluphantsi komhlaba olunempembelelo enkulu kwiindleko kunye nexesha lokukhokela.
Ukuhlolwa kunye Neziphene Ezingabonakaliyo
Ulawulo lomgangatho weendawo zobushushu obuphezulu azinakuyeka xa kujongwa idimensional. Uvavanyo lokungena kwedayi lusemgangathweni kwiziphene zomhlaba. Kodwa kwimfezeko yangaphakathi, ngakumbi kumalungu aphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu, uvavanyo lweradiyographic (X-reyi) luhlala luyimfuneko. Ibuyela kuloo ngongoma yokuqala malunga nenkqubo yokuphosa. Uyaqinisekisa ukuba indlela ye-Foundry ivelise ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi oluvakalayo. Le asiyondawo yokusika iikona. Isiphene osikhumbulayo apha kukungaphumeleli kwebala okulinde ukwenzeka, kunye nalo lonke ixesha lokuphumla kunye neziphumo zokhuseleko ezizisayo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka uye phambili. Kwiprojekthi yamva nje ebandakanya ubushushu obuphezulu, asichazanga nje i-RT, kodwa kunye novavanyo lwe-metallographic kwiisampulu zedini ezigalelwe kubushushu obufanayo. Bekufuneka sijonge ubungakanani beenkozo kwaye sijonge naziphi na izigaba ezingathandekiyo ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lokuqiniswa. Yongeza ixesha kunye neendleko, kodwa yayikuphela kwendlela yokuzithemba kwisicelo esingenamda wempazamo. I-Foundry, ukuba banamava, kufuneka bakuqonde oku kwaye babe nakho ukuhlalisa okanye bade bacebise la manyathelo.
Ekugqibeleni, cinga ngesiphelo. Umphezulu orhabaxa, njengoko uphosayo unokuba yindawo ene-oxidation kunye nokuqaliswa kokuqhekeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-glass-bead blast okanye inkqubo ethile yokukhetha inokuphucula kakhulu ukuchasana kwe-oxidation yomhlaba ngokudala i-uniform, i-stress-reliesive layer. Lincinci, inyathelo lokugqibela elisebenzisa iipropathi zendalo zemathiriyeli ngempumelelo ngakumbi.
Iingcamango Zokuqukumbela: Yinkqubo, Ayiyonxalenye
Ke, ukubuyisela konke oku kunye. Ukufumana into ethembekileyo Inxalenye yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu ayisiyiyo nje iodolo yokuthenga. Yintsebenziswano yobugcisa. Iqala ngeemfuno zesicelo esikhohlakeleyo, ihamba ngemathiriyeli yepragmatic kunye nokukhethwa kwenkqubo (apho iinkampani ezinobuchule obunzulu obudibeneyo obufana nokuphosa kunye nokukhanya komatshini), kwaye iqinisekiswa yimigaqo yokuhlola ehambelana nomngcipheko.
Injongo kukugqiba ngecandelo elingasindi nje kuphela, kodwa lenze ngokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili kubomi obucetyiweyo. Olo qikelelo luvela kuyo yonke ikhonkco kwikhonkco-ukusuka kwivenkile enyibilikayo ukuya kwisitampu somgangatho wokugqibela. Kuncinci malunga nokufumana imathiriyeli yomlingo kunye nangaphezulu malunga nokwenza ikhonkco eliqinisekisiweyo, elilawulwayo leziganeko ukubumba loo nto ibe yinto onokuthi uxhomekeke kuyo xa ubushushu bukhona, ngokoqobo. Umahluko phakathi kwecandelo elisebenzayo kunye nelinye elisilelayo uhlala ulele kwezi nkcukacha zincinci, ezingathandekiyo zokwenziwa kunye nokuqinisekiswa okungazange kufikelele kwincwadana ecwebezelayo.
