Xa usiva utyalo-mali olungelulo, yintoni ethi qatha engqondweni? Kubantu abaninzi, lilizwi nje elithetha-isithembiso esingacacanga somgangatho ongcono okanye ixabiso eliphantsi. Eli gama liphoswa ngeenxa zonke kwimiboniso yorhwebo kunye nakwiindawo zentengiso, rhoqo ngaphandle kwento eninzi. Enyanisweni, ukuphucula le nkqubo akukho malunga nembumbulu yomlingo enye; kukusila. Imalunga nesiphumo esongezelekayo sekhulu lohlengahlengiso oluncinci kwigumbi leqokobhe, isebe lepateni yewax, kunye nomgangatho wesiseko. Abaninzi bacinga ukuba yonke into imalunga nokuthenga iziko elitsha okanye umshicileli we-3D wodidi lweepateni. Leyo yinxalenye yayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa ukuba inkqubo yeqokobhe lakho ayihambelani okanye uyilo lwakho lokungena lukwimeko embi, eso sixhobo esitsha bubunzima bephepha obubizayo. Ndibone iivenkile zigalela imali kuphuculo olungazange lushukumise inaliti kumaxabiso alahliweyo.
Isiseko: Ihlala imalunga neShell
Masibe yinyani. Ukuba ufuna ukuthetha ngayo utyalo-mali oluncomekayo, kufuneka uqale ngeqokobhe. Kulapho uninzi lweengxaki-kunye namathuba-zihlala khona. Ndikhumbula ndisebenza kuluhlu lwee-impellers zensimbi ezingenasici kumenzi wempompo. I-Special ifuna ii-vanes ezibhityileyo ngokumangalisayo, ezibhabhayo. Izinga le-scrap yethu ibijikeleza malunga ne-40% ngenxa yemithambo kunye nokuqhekeka kweqokobhe. Sagxotha abarhanelwa abaqhelekileyo: i-slurry viscosity, i-stucco sand gradation, ukufuma kwegumbi lokumisa. Impumelelo yayingesosisombululo sobuchwepheshe obuphezulu; ibigawula ngobuchule ubushushu be-ambient ngexesha lomjikelo ngamnye wediphu kwiiveki ezimbini. Sifumene ukuhla kwe-5-degree Celsius ngexesha leshifti yasebusuku ebibangela ukunamathelwa kwedyasi yokuqala engahambelaniyo. Ukuzinzisa oko kwakungabizi kakhulu kunaso nasiphi na isixhobo esitsha kunye nokusika inkunkuma ngesiqingatha. Uphuculo apha luyigranular kabuhlungu.
Oku kuhlobana ngqo nobuchule bokusebenza ixesha elide. Thatha inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 ekwenziweni nasekusebenzeni, kusenokwenzeka ukuba baye baphila ngokuphindaphindwa kweresiphi yeresiphi yeqokobhe. Ubungcali babo zombini iqokobhe ngundo kunye utyalo mali kuthetha ukuba bayayiqonda nzulu inzululwazi yezinto-indlela izibophelelo ezahlukeneyo ezinxibelelana ngayo nestuccos ezahlukahlukeneyo, indlela yokwakha iqokobhe lomzimba omkhulu wevalvu yentsimbi ngokuchasene nenxalenye yotyando ye-cobalt alloy ethambileyo. Olo hlobo lolwazi lweziko lusisiseko sophuculo lokwenyani. Awukwazi ukuyithenga kwishelufu.
Izixhobo ngokwazo zilawula indlela yokuphucula. Ukusebenza nge-alloys esekwe nickel? Iprofayile yeqokobhe lakho lolwandiso lobushushu kunye namandla ashushu anokungaxoxiswana. Ukuphucuka okuncinci kumxholo we-zircon yomgubo wengubo yobuso kunokuba ngumahluko phakathi kwesandi esivakalayo kunye neenyembezi ezishushu. Ayingomsebenzi ubukhazikhazi. Imalunga namagcisa anamashumi eminyaka yamava esazi, ngenkangeleko kunye nokuziva ngathi ludaka, ukuba lulungile, kwakudala phambi kokuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwaselabhu zibuye.
Igumbi leWax: Apho uBulunga boBulunga buzuziweyo okanye bulahlekile
Wonke umntu ugxile kwisinyithi, kodwa ipateni yewax yiDNA yokuphosa. Nasiphi na isiphene apha siyandiswa. Ukuphuculwa kwesitofu kukulwa noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Sakhe saba neprojekthi yezibiyeli ze-aerospace apho sasihlala sifumana i-warpage efihlakeleyo, engeyiyo iyunifomu emva kokukhutshwa kwewaxing. Imodeli yeCAD yayigqibelele, izixhobo zazintsha. Umoni? Uxinzelelo lwenaliti ye-wax kunye nexesha lokubamba azizange zenzelwe umlinganiselo othile wejometri yomthamo ukuya kumphezulu wendawo. Kwafuneka senze ithala leencwadi elincinci leeparamitha zenaliti yeemilo ezahlukeneyo zosapho lwamacandelo. Yayidinisa, kodwa yaphelisa owona mthombo mkhulu wokukhukuliseka.
Apha kulapho kudityaniswa khona noomatshini, njengeQSY's zidityanisiwe utyalo mali kunye nezakhono ze-CNC, zibonisa ixabiso layo lobuchule. Ukuba unokuvelisa ipatheni yewax ekufutshane-nemilo ngokuchaneka kwe-master die, uqala kwisiseko sokuthembeka okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukuphucula kubhekwe kwasekuqaleni. Ke, naluphi na umatshini olandelayo we-CNC kwinxalenye yokugqibela yentsimbi incinci, igcina ingqibelelo yezinto eziphathekayo kunye neendleko zokugcina. Yimbono epheleleyo yekhonkco lemveliso.
Enye into esoloko ingahoywa yindibano yewax. Ubuchule bezandla bokudibanisa imithi ye-wax buchaphazela ngqo isivuno. Isango eline-angled kakubi okanye i-weld joint ebuthakathaka iya kubangela ukuba isinyithi siphume okanye i-mistruns. Uqeqesho kunye nokuxukuxa okulula apha kunika imbuyekezo enkulu. Ndifumanise ukuba ukurekhodwa kwevidiyo ubuchule bomsebenzi onesakhono kunye nokusetyenziswa koqeqesho kuphuculwe ukuhambelana ngakumbi kunayo nayiphi na inkqubo ezenzekelayo ebesinokuyifumana ngelo xesha.
Ukunyibilika nokugalela: Ukulawula phezu kwesiphithiphithi
Apha kulapho ithiyori idibana khona nomlilo. Unokuba neqokobhe eligqibeleleyo kunye nepateni egqibeleleyo ye-wax, kwaye ukugalela okubi kutshabalalisa yonke into. Kum, ukuphucula inkqubo yokuphosa ngokwayo imalunga nomgangatho ongenanceba kunye nokuqonda i-physics yokuzaliswa. Ngama-alloys aphezulu obushushu afana ne-cobalt-based based, ukulawula ukushisa okukhulu kubaluleke kakhulu. Izidanga ezimbalwa phezulu kakhulu, kwaye wongeza metal-iqokobhe reaction; iphantsi kakhulu, kwaye ubeka umngcipheko wokunganyaniseki.
Siphumeze utshintsho olulula kodwa olusebenzayo lokugalela amaphiko einjini yomoya: ukutshintshela ekuweni kwasimahla ukuya kwithambeka elilawulwayo, elicinezelekileyo phantsi kwengubo encinci ye-argon. Ukunciphisa i-turbulence kunye nokwakheka kwe-oxide kwabonakala ngokukhawuleza kwii-radiographs. Uphuculo lwalungekho kwisixhobo (nangona isixhobo sokugalela i-tilt senziwe ngokwezifiso) kodwa kwifilosofi-ibeka phambili i-laminar igcwalise isantya. Olu luhlobo lwenkqubo ye-nuance eqokelelwa yi-multi-decade Foundry.
Emva kokuphosa, inkqubo yokunkqonkqoza yenye indawo eyingozi. Ndibone iicastings ezintle eziqhekezwe kukungcangcazela okugqithisileyo okanye ijethi yamanzi isete phezulu kakhulu. Ukuphuculwa kuthetha ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yokuhombisa ethambileyo, ethe ngqo kwizinto eziphathekayo, ngamanye amaxesha kwanekhemikhali yokukhupha iipaseji zangaphakathi ezintsonkothileyo. Lijika elicothayo, eliphindaphindayo lokufunda.
CNC Machining: The Critical Finish Line
Le yintlawulo. Owenziwe kakuhle utyalo mali kufuneka ifune umatshini omncinci. Kodwa ubuncinci akuthethi ukuba akukho nanye. Ujongano phakathi kwesiseko kunye nevenkile yomatshini kulapho iminwe ikhombe khona. Uphuculo lokwenene luvela kucwangciso lwangaphambili. Ngokomzekelo, kumsebenzi odibeneyo onje QSY, abadwelisi benkqubo be-CNC banokudibana neenjineli ze-Foundry ngexesha loyilo lokuqala lokungena. Baza kuvumelana ngamanqaku edatha, bongeze isitokhwe esincinci somatshini kwiindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu, kunye noyilo lwezilungiso ezibhekiselele kwiimpawu zokuphosa, hayi imodeli yeCAD kuphela.
Ndiyifunde kabuhlungu le nto. Sakhe saphosa uthotho lwezifakelo zentsimbi engenastainless yaselwandle. Ukusaswa bekukuhle ngokomda, kodwa ivenkile yethu yoomatshini ibitsala nzima ngenxa yokuba isango lokuqala lishiye i-stub ephazamisana nokusetwa kwe-vise esemgangathweni. Intlanganiso yeeyure ezimbini phakathi komdlalo kunye noomatshini abakhokelayo phambi kokuba kwenziwe isixhobo yayiza kusindisa iintsuku zokuyilwa ngokutsha komdlalo kamva. Uphuculo lumalunga nokuqhekeza iisilo zesebe.
Kwii-alloys ezinzima, isicwangciso somatshini siyinxalenye yokuphucula. Ukwazi ukuba i-nickel-based alloy casting inobulukhuni obuncinci, obuguquguqukayo bomphezulu ukusuka kunxibelelwano lweqokobhe kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yakho ye-CNC kufuneka ibe nokusikwa kokuqala. Olu lwazi luvela ekondleni idatha yokwenziwa komatshini (amaxabiso okunxitywa kwesixhobo, iziphumo zokugqiba umphezulu) ukuya kwiqela labasunguli, ukuvala iluphu.
Umlinganiselo wokwenyani: Ukungaguquguquki kunye nokuThemba
Ke, i-ipro ihambisa ntoni ngokwenene? Ayiqhelekanga imveliso entsha yenguqu. Kukukwazi ukubetha idimension ye-CTQ (Critical-to-Quality) kwindawo entsonkothileyo, ibhetshi emva kwebhetshi, kwikhontrakthi ethatha iminyaka elishumi. Yintembeko umxhasi njengesixhobo sonyango okanye umenzi wezixhobo zamandla ezibeka kuwe. Abayikhathalelanga ingalo yakho entsha yerobhothi; banenkathalo yokuba icandelo ngalinye kwindibano yabo liyalingana kwaye liyaqhuba.
Le yindawo apho inkampani izakhela igama layo. Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu kwishishini, njenge-QSY, icebisa ukuba baluhambe olu phuculo lonyukayo ngempumelelo kulo lonke utshintsho lwemathiriyeli kunye nemijikelo yentengiso. Umsebenzi wabo onama-alloys akhethekileyo undixelela ukuba basombulule iingxaki ezinzima-ukulawula ukwakhiwa kweenkozo kwiindawo ezinkulu ze-castings, ukulawula uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, ukufezekisa i-X-ray ye-welds esemgangathweni kwii-castings ezilungisiweyo (xa zivunyelwe yi-spec).
Ekugqibeleni, ukuphucula utyalo-mali sisimo sengqondo. Kukulungele ukumba ireyithi ye-scrap ye-40% ngoLwesihlanu emva kwemini kwaye ungashiyi de ube ne-hypothesis yokuvavanya ngoMvulo. Ixabisa intuition yengcibi kangangoko kufundo lwespectrometer. Uphuculo luzolile, lwakhiwe kwindlela yemihla ngemihla, kwaye lubonakaliswa kwimfumba ekhulayo yee-odolo ezithunyelwe ngempumelelo kwiinxalenye ekungekho mntu wumbi ufuna ukuzichukumisa. Lolo luphawu lokwenyani.
