Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'iinxalenye zoomatshini,' baba nomfanekiso womzobo weCAD okanye icandelo eliqaqambileyo kwikhathalogu. Nantso inguqulelo ecocekileyo. Inyani, leyo ikugcina uphaphile ebusuku, imalunga notshintsho ukusuka kwimodeli egqibeleleyo yedijithali ukuya kwindawo ebonakalayo esebenza phantsi komthwalo, ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo. I-gap phakathi komzobo kunye necandelo elisebenzayo apho imboni yokwenene ihlala khona-kwaye apho imali eninzi ilahleka kwiingcamango.
I-Illusion of Interchangeability
Enye yeengcamango eziphosakeleyo ezinkulu kukuba inxalenye yiseti yemilinganiselo. Ungafumana ezimbini iindawo zoomatshini kubaboneleli abahlukeneyo abalinganisa ngokufanayo kwi-CMM, ukanti omnye uyasilela kwiiveki kwaye omnye uhlala iminyaka. Umahluko awukho kwijometri; kukuqukuqela okuziinkozo kokubunjwa, igophe lonyango lobushushu, okanye uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo oluvela kumatshini. Ndikhe ndabona ibhetshi yeempompo zeshafu ezigqithise zonke iitshekhi zomda kodwa zahluthwa ngenxa yokuba iicerts zemathiriyeli zazenziwa-intsimbi yayinobunzima obungalunganga. Ushicilelo aluzange luchaze indlela yesinyithi, kuphela ubunzima bokugqibela. Eso yayisisifundo se-$200k.
Apha kulapho isiseko kunye nemvelaphi yomatshini iba yinto engaxoxisiyo. Awunakuvele ukhuphele oyena mntu ubiza imali ephantsi ngomatshini we-CNC. Inkqubo yinxalenye yemveliso. Ngokomzekelo, kwi I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), kunye namashumi amathathu eminyaka abo ekubumbeni nasekwenzeni, baya kukuxelela ukuba ukubunjwa kweqokobhe kumzimba wevalvu kuya kuba nomgangatho owahlukileyo wemfezeko kunye nokumila okukufutshane kwenetha xa kuthelekiswa nokuphosa kwesanti, nakwibakala elifanayo lentsimbi engatyiwayo. Oko kuchaphazela indlela oyila ngayo amanyathelo akho omatshini alandelayo e-CNC-iindlela zakho zesixhobo, amanqaku akho okubamba. Ukuba uyawumatshini ngathi yibhillet, uzisa uxinzelelo loxinzelelo abachithe iminyaka engama-30 befunda ukukuphepha.
Ikunyanzela ukuba ucinge umva. Uqala ngemo yokusilela. Ngaba kukudinwa? Ukunxiba? Umhlwa? Emva koko ubuyela kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa. Inxalenye yomgca wokulungiswa kokutya owenziwe nge-316L engenastainless ayikuko nje ukumelana nomhlwa; imalunga nendlela iindawo zoomatshini zigqityiwe. Ipolishi yesipili inokujongeka ilungile, kodwa ngaba iyadala imikrozo emincinci egcina ibhaktheriya? Ngamanye amaxesha ukulawulwa, uburhabaxa obufanayo obuvela kwipasi elithile lomatshini lingcono. Iphepha elithile aliyi kukuxelela loo nto.
Izinto eziphathekayo yiNkqubo, Hayi Ukhetho
Ukukhetha insimbi engenasici okanye i-nickel-based alloy kwimenyu eyehlayo sisiqalo sencoko, hayi isiphelo. Thatha Inconel 718. Iipropati ezimangalisayo. Kodwa indlela ephoswe ngayo xa ithelekiswa nendlela eyenziwe ngayo idala ii-microstructures ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba uyayenza, umahluko kubunzima kunye nokuthambekela kokuqina komsebenzi kuya kutshabalalisa izixhobo zakho ukuba usebenzisa iiparamitha ezifanayo. Umsebenzi we-QSY kunye nala ma-alloys akhethekileyo ugxininisa oku-kufuneka balungelelanise ikhonkco lenkqubo yabo yonke ngokusekelwe ekubeni isitokhwe esingenayo sivela kwi-investment casting okanye ibha eyenziwe. Unyango lobushushu emva kokuphoswa koxinzelelo lubalulekile; yeqa, kwaye inxalenye iya kujika ngexesha lomatshini wokugqibela, ijika icandelo elichanekileyo libe sisilaphu.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yeringi ye turbine yokutywina. Umzobo ubufuna i-alloy esekwe kwi-cobalt, iStellite 6, ecaciswe ukuxhathisa okugqithisileyo. Sifumene inguqulelo ephosiweyo. Yayisebenza ngendlela eyoyikekayo—ingxola, ukunxitywa kwezixhobo zokusebenza kwakuhambelana neenkwenkwezi. Ingxaki? Inkqubo yokuphosa idale i-carbides ezinkulu, ezinzima kwi-matrix enqabileyo. Isisombululo, esifike kuso emva kovavanyo olubuhlungu kunye nempazamo, yayikukutshintshela kwinguqulelo ye-metallurgy ye-powder yealloy efanayo, eyanika ukuhanjiswa kwe-carbide okugqwesileyo, okufanayo. Yacoca ngoomatshini kwaye yasebenza ngcono. Isifundo: igama lengxubevange yindlela nje yokupheka; indlela yokuvelisa yindlela yokupheka. Ungonakalisa iresiphi elungileyo ngobuchule obungalunganga.
Yiyo loo nto usebenzisana nomthengisi olawula zombini ukuphosa kunye CNC Machining Akukho buncwane phantsi kophahla olunye; sisicwangciso sokunciphisa umngcipheko. Xa umachini ekwazi ukubuyela kumphathi wesiseko kwaye athi, Le bhetshi yigummy, izixhobo ziyalayishwa, ziyakwazi ukuyilanda umva kwiqondo lobushushu lokugalela okanye izinga lokupholisa. Loo loop impendulo ayibonakali kwinkampani yorhwebo ecocekileyo okanye ivenkile eyenza kuphela machining. Kwiziko elifana ne-QSY's, olo manyano luyimveliso.
Ukunyamezela: Iindleko zokugqibelela
Wonke umntu ufuna ukunyamezela okuqinileyo. Kuvakala njengomgangatho. Kodwa ukucacisa unyamezelo olumalunga ne-±0.01mm kuyo yonke imilinganiselo yokusa entsonkothileyo yindlela elungileyo yokuphinda kathathu iindleko kunye nokulibazisa iprojekthi. Kufuneka uqonde ukuba yintoni ukunyamezelana. Ngaba yeyokufaneleka? Ngomsebenzi? Kuba balance? Rhoqo, inye kuphela okanye zibe mbini ujongano olubalulekileyo olufuna oko kuchaneka. Abanye banokukhululeka kakhulu. Ndichithe iiyure neenjineli zixoxa phantsi ukunyamezelana kwiindawo ezingasebenziyo, ndigcina iiveki zexesha lomatshini kunye neendleko zezixhobo.
Owona mceli mngeni kukulawula iimfumba zokunyamezelana kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa. Unokuba nendlu ekubunjwe kuyo iqokobhe lentsimbi Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY), kunye nomkhono wensimbi engenasici ofakwe kuyo. Ukuncipha kwe-casting, i-machining datum, i-coefficients yokwandisa i-thermal-yonke kufuneka imodeli. Sakha saba neqela leendibano ezazinobushushu bokusebenza. Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, umatshini wokushicilela wawufanelekile. Kodwa asiphumelelanga ukuphendula ngamazinga ahlukeneyo okukhula kwe-thermal yentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye nentsimbi engenasici. Ukulungiswa bekungengoomatshini obungqongqo; yaba lubalo olufanelekileyo olwahlukileyo olusekwe kubushushu benkonzo. Imizobo yayichanekile kwi-20°C, kodwa umatshini awuzange usebenze ku-20°C.
Apha kulapho iminyaka engama-30 yamava ayingomgca wokuthengisa. Lithala leencwadi zonxibelelwano olushushu kunye noomatshini. Ivenkile entsha inokubethelela uhlolo lobushushu begumbi kwaye ihambise indawo ekusilelayo. Umntu onamava uya kubuza athi, Iya kusetyenziswa phi le? Buthini ubushushu be-ambient? Ingaba ibhayisekile eshushu? phambi kokuba bade bacwangcise i-CNC.
Ukungaphumeleli njengokuhanjiswa
Ufunda ngakumbi kwinxalenye eyaphukileyo kunaleyo isebenzayo. Uvavanyo olutshabalalisayo alukho nje i-R&D; kufuneka ibe yinxalenye yenkqubo yokufaneleka kumacandelo abalulekileyo. Samisela umgaqo-nkqubo woxinzelelo oluphezulu iindawo zoomatshini: Ukuhlolwa kwenqaku lokuqala kubandakanya ukusika enye. Khangela isandi sangaphakathi sokuphosa, ukulinganisa ubunzulu becala lonyango lokushisa, khangela i-voids okanye i-inclusions. Kuyabiza, kodwa kutshiphu ngaphezu kokukhumbula intsimi.
Ityala elithile libandakanya izibiyeli ezithile zentsimbi zomhambisi womthwalo onzima. Baluphumelele lonke uhlolo lomgangatho kunye novavanyo lomthwalo. Kodwa ngexesha lokunqunyulwa okungahleliwe, sifumene i-shrinkage porosity malunga ne-2mm ngaphantsi komhlaba kwindawo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngaphantsi komthwalo we-cyclic, oko bekuya kuba yinto yokudinwa kwe-nucleation point. I-Foundry, kulo mzekelo, ilungelelanise isango labo kunye noyilo lokunyuka kweso nxalenye yejometri. Ukulungiswa kwakusesikhumbeni, kungekhona kwi-machining. Ukuba ujonga kuphela umphezulu owenziwe ngoomatshini, uyalikhumbula ibali elenzeka ngaphantsi.
Olu tshintsho lwengqondo-ukusuka ekuhloleni ukuthotyelwa ukuya ekuhloleni ukuqonda-kubalulekile. Iguqula isebe lokulawula umgangatho ukusuka kumgcini wesango libe ngumthombo wobukrelekrele benkqubo. Kwakhona kwakha ubudlelwane obahlukileyo kunye nomthengisi. Xa unokuba nengxoxo yobugcisa malunga nokubalwa kweeseli ze-eutectic kwi-iron cast okanye i-sigma phase embrittlement kwi-welds ezingenasici, usuka kumthengi wentengiselwano ukuya kwiqabane. Ababoneleli njengalowo ungemva tsngtaocnc.com Zibandakanye ngokwahlukileyo xa bebona ukuba ujonge iingxaki ezisisiseko ezifanayo abakuzo.
Umda owaneleyo
Ekugqibeleni, isiqwenga sobulumko esiphumeleleyo: ayizizo zonke iinxalenye ezifuna ukuba ngumsebenzi wobugcisa. Ukufuna ukugqibelela kunokuba lutshaba lomsebenzi kunye nenzuzo. Kukho umda owaneleyo ochazwe sisicelo. Isibiyeli esibambe ipaneli yesigqubuthelo esingabalulekanga ayifuni i-aerospace-grade billet aluminiyam ene-anodizing. Isitya sensimbi esishushu, i-laser-cut and deburred, iya kwenza umsebenzi we-1/10 yeendleko. Ubuchule kukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo loo mda.
Apha kulapho amava abanzi kuzo zonke izixhobo kunye neenkqubo ahlawula khona. Ukwazi ukuba imeko-bume ethile eyonakalisayo, ukubunjwa kweqokobhe elenziwe kakuhle kumgangatho we-CF8M engenastainless inokusebenza kunye ne-alloy eyi-duplex ebiza kakhulu, ukuba uyilo lulungile. Okanye oko kumphezulu onxitywayo, ngamanye amaxesha ukongeza into elula, enokuthathelwa indawo yintsimbi eqinisiweyo ibukhali kunokwenza yonke inxalenye ye-monolithic ngealloyi enexabiso ekwazi ukumelana nokunxitywa. Imalunga noyilo lwenkqubo, hayi nje icandelo.
Ekugqibeleni, iindawo zoomatshini yimbonakaliso ebonakalayo yezigqibo eziliwaka-izinto eziphathekayo, inkqubo, ukunyamezela, ukugqiba, ukuhlolwa. Isicwangciso sisiqalo nje sokusebeza. Umgqumo uvela kumgangatho wesiseko kunye nevenkile yomatshini, apho amava, ahlala efundwa kwiintsilelo zangaphambili, aguqule iinkcukacha zibe yinto esebenza ngokulula. Incinci malunga noyilo lomntu oqaqambileyo kwaye ngaphezulu malunga nokuqina, ukuphunyezwa okuphindaphindwayo kuthotho lweenkqubo ezidityanisiweyo. Yiloo nto oyithengayo ngokwenene.
