Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'ukuchaneka komatshini,' baba nomfanekiso weshiti elicwebezelayo elinokunyamezela okuqinileyo njenge ±0.005mm. Leyo yinxalenye yayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa evenkileni, sisilo esiphilayo, esiphefumlayo. Ngumsantsa phakathi koko kufunwa yimodeli yeCAD kunye noko kufunwa ngumatshini, isixhobo, izinto eziphathekayo, kwaye ngokungafihlisiyo, amava omqhubi ngaloo ntsasa yangoLwesibini anokuhambisa ngokwenene. Uninzi lwabathengi, ngakumbi ezo zintsha kwiindawo zokukhangela, zixhonywa kwelo nani ngaphandle kokuqonda inkqubo yendalo efunekayo ukuyiphumeza rhoqo. Baza kucela unyamezelo oluphambeneyo kwizindlu ezinkulu zentsimbi, bengaziqondi ii-thermal dynamics kunye nesiqabu soxinzelelo kwinxalenye ngokwayo iya kulwa nawe onke amanyathelo endlela. Kulapho umsebenzi wokwenyani uqala khona.
ISiseko: Iqala Phambi kokuba uMatshini ajikeleze
Awukwazi ukuthetha ngomatshini ochanekileyo ngaphandle kokuqala ukuthetha malunga nento oyenzayo. Le yinduli endiya kufela kuyo. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi kakhulu zisiya emacaleni ngenxa yokuba izinto ezingenayo okanye ukuphosa kuthathwe njengento ecingelwayo. Ngokomzekelo, sisebenza rhoqo kunye Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Imbali yabo ende kwiqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali ibalulekile. Xa bebonelela nge-nickel-based alloy investment casting yecandelo le-injini ye-injini, ukuhambelana kwaloo ndawo ikrwada-isandi sayo sangaphakathi, uxinzelelo oluncinci lwentsalela, kunye ne-metallurgy eqikelelwayo-kumisela isilingi ukuchaneka komatshini sinokufezekisa kamva. Ukuba ukuphosa kune-porosity efihliweyo okanye ubukhulu bodonga olungahambelaniyo, akukho xabiso lenkqubo ye-CNC enqabileyo iya kukusindisa. Awuyenzi ibhillet egqibeleleyo; uhamba kumhlaba owenziwe kwangaphambili. Intsebenziswano, ukwazi inkqubo yabo kwi https://www.tsingtaocnc.com igxininisa kwezi alloys ezizodwa, kuthetha ukuba siqala ukusuka eyaziwa, isiseko esizinzileyo. Eso sisiqingatha sedabi eliphunyelelweyo phambi kokuba kulungiswe umdlalo wokuqala.
Imemori yezinto eziphathekayo ngomnye umbulali othuleyo. Thatha intsimbi engenasici. Idume ngokushukuma ngexesha nasemva komatshini njengoko uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lukhutshwa sisenzo sokusika. Unokubamba unyamezelo lwe-± 0.01mm ngexesha le-op yokuqala, kuphela ufumanise ukuba indawo iye yajika ngaphaya kokusindiswa emva kokuhlala ubusuku bonke. Ukuchaneka apha akukho malunga nokuphinda-phinda komatshini; imalunga noyilo lwenkqubo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuya kufuneka uyirhabule, uyiyeke ihlale, ikhulule uxinzelelo, emva koko ubuye ukugqiba. Iyacotha, ayithandeki, kwaye awukwazi ukuhlawulisa ixesha lokulinda ngendlela ethe ngqo, kodwa kuphela kwendlela yokufumana ukuchaneka kokwenyani, okuzinzileyo. Ukutsiba elo nyathelo kukwakha nje ukusilela kwixesha elizayo.
Uyilo lweFixture bubugcisa bayo obumnyama. Kumsebenzi ochaneke kakhulu, isilungiso asibambi nje inxalenye; iba yinxalenye yekhonkco lekinematic. Ulwa nemikhosi ebambekayo enokuphazamisa iindonga ezibhityileyo, ukwanda kwe-thermal ukusuka kwindawo yomibini kunye nesixhobo sokulungisa, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuphindaphindwa kwendawo kwibhetshi. Ndikhumbula umsebenzi wokwenza izinto ezintsonkothileyo kwitywina le-alloy esekwe kwi-cobalt ebonelelwa liqabane elinjenge-QSY. Inxalenye yayiliphupha elibi ukubamba ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Saye sagqiba ukuyila isiko esilungiselelweyo esinoxinzelelo oluphantsi, i-diaphragm clamping kwaye kwafuneka sithathele ingqalelo amanqanaba okwanda kwe-thermal phakathi kwentsimbi yentsimbi kunye ne-cobalt alloy. Ijiyometri egqibeleleyo yemodeli ye-CAD yayingathethi nto de sisombulule olo jongano lomzimba. Ukuchaneka komatshini akunamsebenzi ukuba inxalenye idada i-micron ukusuka apho ucinga ukuba ikhona.
Isixhobo sikaMatshini: Umntu okwaziyo, kodwa othobekileyo
Wonke umntu ucinga ngophawu lomatshini kunye nesisombululo sesikali somgca. Kwaye ewe, i-high-end-5-axis machining center enembuyekezo ye-thermal yinto enhle. Kodwa umatshini liqonga nje. Ukuchaneka kwayo kwemvelo kunokuchithwa ngokulula. Ukuphambuka kwesixhobo lelona sela lixhaphakileyo. Ucwangcisa i-endmill ye-10mm ukuthatha i-0.5mm yokugqiba ukusika kwi-17-4 PH yensimbi engenasici. Isixhobo sibonakala siqinile, kodwa kweso sikali, siyagoba. Usenokuba ufumana i-0.03mm taper phezu kodonga lwe-50mm. Ingxelo yesikhundla somatshini ithi ilungile, kodwa ukusikwa komzimba akulunganga. Ke, ufunda ukwenza inkqubo ngokuchasene nokuphambuka, okanye ufudukela kwisixhobo se-carbide esine-engile eyahlukileyo ye-helix, uncama umthwalo ofanelekileyo we-chip wokuqina. Ukhetho alukho kwimanyuwali; isentloko yomsebenzi emva kweshumi elinesibini lamalungu alahliweyo.
Ukukhula kobushushu sisiporho kumatshini. Ukuba ± 0.002mm ukuphinda specs? Oko kudla ngokuba kwindawo elawulwa yi-20°C emva kweyure ezi-4 zomjikelo wokufudumala. Kwivenkile yokwenyani, iingcango zivulekile, ubushushu obukhoyo butshintsha, utshintsho lobushushu obupholileyo. I-spindle iyakhula, i-ballcrews iyanda. Sifunde oku ngendlela enzima kumsebenzi wexesha elide wezindlu zoluvo oluchanekileyo. Amalungu enziwe into yokuqala kusasa alinganiswe ngokwahlukileyo kunezo zenziwe emva kwesidlo sasemini de sasebenzisa iprotocol engqongqo yokufudumala kwaye saqala ukubeka esweni izinzwa zobushushu zomatshini. Ukuchaneka yayingengolungiselelo; yayiluqeqesho.
Emva koko kukho izixhobo ngokwayo. Ayizizo zonke izixhobo ezichanekileyo ezenziwe ngokulinganayo. I-ruout kwi-collet chuck esemgangathweni ngokuchasene nesibambi se-hydraulic shrink-fit sinokuba ngumahluko phakathi kokugqiba isibuko kunye namanqaku okuxoxa. Ngomsebenzi wokwenyani ophezulu, ulinganisa ukubaleka kwincam yesixhobo, ungacingi ukuba i-spec sheet yivangeli. Kwaye ukunxitywa kwesixhobo akukho mgca. Kwii-superalloys ezifana ne-nickel-based base-QSY ihlala iphosa, ukunxiba kunokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza emva kwendawo ethile. Ukuba uleqa unyamezelo lwenqanaba le-micron, awusebenzisi izixhobo zokusilela; uzitshintshela kwishedyuli yogcino olusekwe kumthamo wezinto ezisusiweyo, hayi nje ixesha. Kuvakala kuyinkcitho de ulahle i-5,000 yeedola ekuphosweni kokugqibela.
Umba woLuntu: Uguquko olungenakulinganiswa
I-CNC iyazenzekela, kodwa ukuchaneka komatshini akukho. Injongo yomenzi wenkqubo ngokuchasene nengcaciso yomatshini ishiya izithuba. Thatha ikona ukujikeleza. Ucwangcisa ikona yangaphakathi ebukhali. Indlela yomatshini egudileyo kunye neradiyasi enesiphelo yesixhobo iya kuhlala isenza i-fillet. Umdwebi wenkqubo kufuneka ayiqonde le nto, ayifanise, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ayile inxalenye ukuze ayamkele. Ndiye ndaneengxabano kunye nabayili abagxininisa kwiijometri ezingenakwenzeka ngokwasemzimbeni. Ukucacisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwedayamitha yesixhobo, i-stepover, kunye nokugqiba komphezulu asingomsebenzi weCAD; yincoko.
Umlinganiselo ngomnye umaleko. Ukuba ne-CMM kuhle, kodwa le nxalenye ilungiswa njani kwi-CMM? Ngaba ikwimeko efanayo yoxinzelelo njengoko ibinjalo kumatshini womatshini? Buthini ubushushu bendawo? Ngaba umsebenzisi we-CMM uphonononga ngamandla angaguqukiyo? Ndiyamthemba umatshini onobuchule kunye ne-micrometer elinganiswe kakuhle kunye nokuziva kwenxalenye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezu kwengxelo ezenzekelayo ekhawulezayo. Idatha evela kwi-CMM ilungile kuphela njengesicwangciso sokulinganisa. Kufuneka ukwazi ukuba ulinganise ntoni, kwaye phi, ukuxelela ibali lokwenyani lokuchaneka kwenxalenye. Ngaba i-diameter yebhore ibaluleke ngakumbi, okanye i-cylindricity kunye nendawo yayo xa ithelekiswa nobuso obunyukayo? Umzobo usenokungakuxeleli; amava enza.
Ekugqibeleni, kukho ukuziva. Ivakala ingekho ngokwenzululwazi, kodwa emva kweminyaka usevenkileni, uphuhlisa intuition. Isandi sokusikwa sitshintsha kancinane, inkangeleko yomlambo wetshiphu, indlela yokupholisa okuhamba phezu kwendawo. Oku kungabonisa isixhobo ukuba sihamba buthuntu okanye inxalenye iza kukhululwa ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba ukunyamezela ukutshekisha. Le ayisiyonto onokuthi uyifake kumatshini. Yiyo loo nto, ngaphandle kwayo yonke i-automation, i-machinist enamava ejikeleza ngaphezulu kwenqaku lokuqala elibalekayo iseyeyona nkqubo ilungileyo ye-inshurensi yokufezekisa inyani. ukuchaneka komatshini.
Imeko kwindawo: Apho ithiyori idibana nomgangatho
Makhe ndihambe kumzekelo omfutshane. Sifumene ibhetshi ye-316L yemizimba yevalvu yentsimbi engenastainless kwiqabane lokuphosa. I-spendicularity ifuna itywina elibalulekileyo lobuso obuthe tyaba ngaphakathi kwe-0.01mm kunye ne-perpendicularity ukuya kweyona ndawo iphambili ngaphakathi kwe-0.015mm. Izinto eziphathekayo zazilungile, kodwa njenge-cast, ubuso babungekho kufutshane neflethi. Inyathelo lokuqala yayikukuseka uluhlu oluthembekileyo. Besingenakusuka nje siyihleke kwaye sijongane nayo; ukubunjwa bekungalingani. Sichithe usuku siseta kwiplate yobuso, sibonisa kwaye sikhazimla ukufumana iziko eliphakathi kweyona ndawo iphambili kunye nobuso obunye, emva koko senza oomatshini ngokwaneleyo ukusuka kobo buso bokuqala ukwenza indawo eyinyani, ecocekileyo yedatum. Zonke iiseto ezilandelayo zibhekiselele kobo buso bomatshini. Yayicotha, inkqubo yezandla. Ukuyitsiba kuya kudibanisa impazamo kuwo wonke umsebenzi.
Ukugqitywa komatshini wobuso betywina kwenziwa kwiziko lomatshini elithe nkqo kunye nomsiki wempukane osanda kunxiba. Sisebenzise i-vacuum chuck ukutsala indawo ukuba ithe tyaba kumphezulu wethu wedatum, sisusa ukugqwetheka koxinzelelo. Ubushushu obupholileyo bubekwe esweni. Ukuphumelela kokugqibela kuthathwe kubunzulu obuncinci bokusika, isantya esiphezulu, kunye nokutya okucothayo. Yayingasebenzi kakuhle njengesihogo sexesha lomjikelo, kodwa yayiyeyona ndlela yodwa yokufezekisa i-flatness efunekayo ngaphandle kokwenza uxinzelelo okanye ubushushu. I ukuchaneka komatshini nantsi isiphumo sendlela, hayi nje isakhono somatshini.
Inxalenye iphumelele ukuhlolwa. Kodwa nantsi umkhabi: iqela lendibano yomthengi kamva lichaze imiba ethile ngolungelelwaniso lwetywina. Kuye kwacaca ukuba ukuchaneka kwethu kwakugqibelele kakhulu kwiinkcukacha zabo ze-gasket. Inkqubo yabo yokuhlanganisa yathatha inani elincinci lokuthobela elingakhange libonelelwe yinxalenye yethu. Yayisisifundo ekuchanekeni kwenqanaba lenkqubo. Sadibana noshicilelo, kodwa ushicilelo aluzange lufake imfuneko epheleleyo yokusebenza. Ngoku, sibuza imibuzo emininzi. Yintoni le ijongana nayo? Idityaniswa njani? Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuchaneka okungaphezulu ayisiyiyo ingqongqo kunokwenzeka, kodwa eyona ifanele inkqubo. Lolo lubizo lomgwebo ekungekho matshini unokuwenza.
Ukuyisonga: Ukuchaneka njengeNkqubo, kungekhona iMveliso
Ngoko, emva kwayo yonke le nto, yintoni na ukuchaneka komatshini? Sisiphumo esipheleleyo. Litsheyini elidibanisa indawo ekrwada ezinzileyo, eqondwa kakuhle evela kwingcaphephe efana QSY, kuyilo lwenkqubo olucingisisiweyo oluhlonipha ukuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo, kumatshini owaziwayo kunye nokhathalelo, kwisixhobo esikhethiweyo kunye nokugcinwa komsebenzi, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukubeka iliso lomntu odibanisa ihlabathi ledijithali kunye nelomzimba. Kuyabiza, hayi ngenxa yexabiso lomatshini, kodwa ngenxa yexesha, ubuchule, kunye nokuziphatha okudlayo.
Awukwazi ukuyithenga kwishelufu kwikhathalogu. Awungekhe uyikhuphele ngaphandle kwivenkile ecaphula nje ngokusekwe kumthamo wenxalenye kunye nekholamu yokunyamezelana. Kufuna incoko, ukuqonda okwabelwana ngako ngenjongo, kwaye kaninzi, ukuzimisela ukuhlawula amanyathelo angeyongeziweyo kodwa ayimfuneko-ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, ukuseta ezininzi, imigaqo-nkqubo yezixhobo ezilondolozayo. Xa ujonga icandelo eliyinkimbinkimbi, elisebenza kakhulu, ukuchaneka okubonayo kukushiyeka kwamakhulu amancinci, izigqibo ezichanekileyo kunye nezifundo ezimbalwa ezibuhlungu ezifundiweyo. Ayilonani nje.
Kwiinkampani ezifuna eli nqanaba lolawulo, ngakumbi ngezinto ezicela umngeni njenge-alloys ezikhethekileyo, ubudlelwane kunye ne-Foundry yikhonkco yokuqala ebalulekileyo. Iqabane eligxininise, njengale ichazwe kuyo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, kwiinkqubo zokuphosa ezilawulwayo ze-alloys eziphezulu zokusebenza, ziphakamisa ngokufanelekileyo loo siling yokuqala. Inika icala lomatshini ithuba lokulwa lokuhambisa into ethembekileyo ngokwenene. Ngaphandle koko, uyakha phezu kwesanti, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ii-mill zakho kunye neeleyile zilungile kangakanani. Leyo yinyani engachazwanga yalo mdlalo uchanekileyo.
