Xa usiva 'iinkonzo zokubumba inaliti yentsimbi', abantu abaninzi ngoko nangoko bacinga ukuba yinto nje yokubumba iplastiki enomgubo wentsimbi. Yindawo yokuqala apho abantu bakhubeka. Ayilophuculo lokubumba inaliti yeplastiki; lirhamncwa elahluke ngokupheleleyo elinemithetho yalo, iintloko ezibuhlungu, namabala amnandi. Isithembiso siyinto engakholelekiyo: i-complex, iinxalenye zetsimbi ezikufutshane-netha kwimiqulu ephezulu. Inyani yinkqubo ezele zizigulwana ezincinci ezinokulahla ibhetshi yonke ukuba awujongi njengokhetshe. Ndibone iiprojekthi ezininzi zingena ngolindelo olungekho ngqiqweni malunga nokunyamezelana okanye ukugqitywa komphezulu ngaphandle kokubumba, ukulibala indima ebalulekileyo yokucula. Kulapho umlingo wokwenyani, kunye nemfazwe yokwenyani, eyenzekayo.
Inkqubo ye-MIM engundoqo ayiyoBhokisi emnyama
Masiyiqhekeze ngaphandle kwencwadi yesikhokelo. Uqala nge-feedstock, malunga ne-60% ye-powder yensimbi kunye ne-40% ye-binder ngevolumu. Oku asikokuxutywa nje; yinkqubo ye-homogenization ekufuneka igqibelele. Nakuphi na ukungangqinelani apha kuya kubonakala kamva njenge-voids okanye ukuphazamiseka. Sisebenza ngayo yonke into ukusuka kwi-17-4 PH engenasici ukuya kwezo ziluqilima ezisekwe kwi-nickel. Isigaba sokubumba isitofu ngokwaso siziva siqhelekile kubafana beplastiki, kodwa iiparamitha ziqinile. Ujongene nesixhobo se-viscosity ephezulu, kwaye uyilo lokungunda kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo ukuncipha okuphezulu kakhulu ngexesha lokubopha kunye nokuntywila okulandelayo-kaninzi nge-15-20% yokuncipha komda. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa nje uyilo lokubumba iplastiki kwaye ulindele ukuba lusebenze.
Emva koko kuza debinding. Eli linyathelo elicothayo, elibalulekileyo apho ususa isixokelelwano sokubopha. Ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye ufumana iintanda okanye amadyunguza. Sisebenzisa indibaniselwano ye-solvent kunye ne-thermal debinding kwiindawo ezininzi. Ngumdlalo womonde. Icandelo eliluhlaza liethe-ethe kakhulu kweli nqanaba. Ndikhumbula enye iprojekthi yehenjisi yesixhobo sotyando apho sasileqa umjikelo wobushushu. Amalungu ayebonakala elungile xa ephuma ezikweni lomlilo, kodwa ngexesha lokutshisa, ayewa njengamajoni adiniweyo. Unobangela yayiluxinzelelo olushiyekileyo ekususweni okungaphelelanga kwesibophelelo. Isifundo esinexabiso eliphezulu esifundwe kwibhetshi enye.
I-Sintering yeyona metamorphosis yokugqibela. La malungu afudunyezwa kwisithando somlilo esilawulwayo—i-hydrogen, i-argon, okanye ivacuum—kumaqondo obushushu akufutshane nendawo yokunyibilika kwesinyithi. Apha kulapho amasuntswana adibana khona kwaye inxalenye ixinene. I-fixturing, okanye i-sintering tray, yindlela yobugcisa ngokwabo. Kufuneka baxhase inxalenye ngaphandle kokunamathela kuyo okanye ukubangela ukufudumeza okwahlukileyo. Kwicandelo lesixhobo somthamo ophezulu esiye sabaleka, sichithe iiveki ezimbini siyila kwaye sivavanya iiseti ezahlukeneyo ukuthintela ukugqwetheka phantsi kobunzima bayo kwiqondo lobushushu. Zezi nkcukacha zingathandekiyo ezenza okanye zaphule a iinkonzo zokubumba inaliti yesinyithi iprojekthi.
Apho iMIM yenza ingqiqo (kwaye apho ingenzi khona)
I-MIM ayilonyango. Indawo yayo emnandi iyinkimbinkimbi, incinci ukuya kumbindi wentsimbi efunekayo kwimiqulu ukusuka kwi-10,000 ukuya kwizigidi ngonyaka. Cinga ngezixhobo zompu, izibiyeli zamazinyo, imihlathi yesixhobo sotyando, okanye izivamvo ezintsonkothileyo zeemoto. Ukuba ufuna amaqhekeza amahlanu, hamba kunye ne-CNC machining. Ukuba ufuna iwasha elula, hamba kunye nesitampu. Ixabiso le-MIM lidibanisa amalungu amaninzi adityanisiweyo abe yinto enye, eyomeleleyo. Sasinomthengi owayehlanganisa isixhobo esitshixayo esincinci kwiziqwenga zoomatshini abahlanu abahlukeneyo. Siye sayiyila ngokutsha iMIM, sayithoba yaya kutsho kwindawo enye, saza sacutha iindleko zabo zokuhlanganisa ngama-70%. Nantso ke impumelelo.
Kodwa ukulinganiselwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kuyinyaniso. Ngelixa ii-alloys ezifana ne-316L zingenasici okanye i-Fe-2Ni zisisiseko se-MIM, iintsimbi zekhabhoni ephezulu kakhulu okanye ezinye iialloyi ze-aluminiyam zidume ngokuba nzima. Ifestile ye-sintering imxinwa kakhulu. Kwakhona, ubungakanani benxalenye sisithintelo. Ngelixa itekhnoloji ityhala imida, umthetho oqhelekileyo uyinxalenye engaphantsi kwe-250 grams kwaye ingena entendeni. Ubungqingqwa bodonga ukufana ngomnye omkhulu. Ngequbuliso, utshintsho olukhulu kwi-cross-section luyiresiphi yamanqaku e-sink ngexesha lokubumba kunye nokugqwesa kwi-sintering. Uyilo lweMIM (DFM) yincoko engaxoxisiyo ekufuneka yenzeke phambi kokuba kunqunyulwe nasiphi na isixhobo.
Apha kulapho ukuba nemvelaphi kukokubini ukuphosa kunye nokwenza umatshini kubaluleke kakhulu, njengendlela yokusondela Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 kubumba lweqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali, bayakuqonda ukuhamba kwesinyithi, ukuqina, kunye neenkqubo zobushushu kwinqanaba elisisiseko. Olo lwazi luguqulela ngokuthe ngqo ekuxazululeni iingxaki zeMIM sintering. Ukubona ukubamba iinkonzo zokubumba inaliti yesinyithi ecaleni komphefumlo wabo utyalo mali kwaye CNC Machining umsebenzi ubonisa ukuqonda okubonakalayo kwayo yonke inkqubo yendalo yokuvelisa. Awunakuba yivenkile yeMIM uwedwa; kufuneka wazi ukuba ungayicebisa nini inkqubo eyahlukileyo okanye uyigqibezela njani inxalenye yeMIM ngomatshini ochanekileyo.
Inyani yangemva kwenkqubo: ayifane yenzeke emva kokucula
Nabani na okuxelela ukuba inxalenye ye-MIM iphuma kwiziko elitshisayo elilungele ukuthunyelwa inqanawa ilula kakhulu. Unyamezelo lweDimensional lukholisa ukuba ±0.3% ukuya ±0.5%, nto leyo entle, kodwa kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo njengemingxuma okanye umphezulu wokukhwelana, uhlala ufuna imisebenzi yesibini. Yiyo loo nto abaninzi ababoneleli, kubandakanywa ne-QSY, badibanisa umatshini we-CNC. Inxalenye eboyiweyo inokufuna umbhobho ophuculweyo ube yi-diameter echanekileyo okanye umsonto ocofiweyo. Umceli mngeni kukulungisa la malungu ahlala eethe-ethe, atyumkileyo ngaphandle kokuwatyumza.
Ukunyangwa kobushushu, ukugqitywa komphezulu njengokutyabeka okanye ukupasa, kunye nokuhlolwa komgangatho zonke ziyinxalenye yepakethe. Kwicandelo le-cobalt-chromium alloy kushishino lwezonyango, kwafuneka siphuhlise umjikelezo othile we-sintering ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho ye-ASTM F75, emva koko senze unyango olushushu lwe-isostatic (HIP) lokuphelisa nayiphi na i-porosity eseleyo, elandelwa ngokuchaneka kokugaya kwiindawo eziphambili. I iinkonzo zokubumba inaliti yesinyithi yayisisihlandlo sokuqala kwisithathu sohambo. Ikhono lokulawula eli khonkco lilonke phantsi kophahla olulodwa lithintela ubuninzi beminwe xa kuvela imiba.
Ulawulo lomgangatho lelinye irhamncwa. Sisebenzisa umxube wolawulo lwenkqubo yamanani (SPC) ngexesha lokubumba, ukulungelelanisa oomatshini bokulinganisa (CMM) kumanqaku okuqala, kunye neesampuli ezininzi zokuvavanya ubuninzi (ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngendlela ye-Archimedes). I-Metallographic cross-sections iyimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni i-microstructure. I-resource-intensive, kodwa kuphela kwendlela yokubamba iziphene ezingaphantsi komhlaba ezinokukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwentsimi.
Ukujonga i-Supplier Landscape
Ukukhetha a iinkonzo zokubumba inaliti yesinyithi Iqabane alikho malunga nokufumana isicatshulwa esisezantsi sesixhobo. Imalunga nokufumana ubuchule. Kufuneka ubuze malunga namava abo ngemathiriyeli yakho ethile. Ngaba banokukubonisa ii-micrographs zomsebenzi wangaphambili kunye ne-17-4 PH kwimeko ye-H900? Yintoni isiqhelo sabo sokulawula umoya we-sintering furnace? Balusingatha njani uhlolo kunye nengxelo yenqaku lokuqala?
Khangela umthengisi obuza imibuzo emininzi njengoko ephendula. Bafanele bakugcobise kumsebenzi wenxalenye, iimeko zomthwalo, kunye neemfuno zokuthambisa. Iqabane elilungileyo liya kuphinda libuyisele umva kwiimpawu zoyilo eziyingxaki kwi-MIM kwaye licebise ezinye iindlela. Ndifumanise ukuba iivenkile ezinesiseko esomeleleyo kobunye ubuchwephesha bokwenza isinyithi, njengobuchwephesha bokuphosa bexesha elide. QSY, bathande ukuba nembono ebanzi kunye nepragmatic. Abazami ukunyanzela isikhonkwane ngasinye esisikwere kumngxunya ongqukuva weMIM kuba kuphela kwesixhobo abanaso.
Ekugqibeleni, tyelela ukuba unako. Bona oomatshini bokubumba, imigca yokubopha, ii-sintering furnaces, kunye nee-CMM. Jonga umbutho kunye nokucoceka. I-MIM yinkqubo enovakalelo lokosuleleka. I-flake ye-powder yezinto ezahlukeneyo inokuyonakalisa ibhetshi. Umgangatho wevenkile ukuxelela ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na incwadana yokuthengisa.
Ukusonga: Sisixhobo, Hayi Ummangaliso
Ngoko, iinkonzo zokubumba inaliti yesinyithi zinamandla, kodwa zifuna intlonipho yenkqubo entsonkothileyo. Asiyondlela imfutshane. Impumelelo ixhomekeke kwintsebenziswano eqinileyo phakathi komyili kunye nomvelisi ukususela kusuku lokuqala, ukuqonda okunzulu kwenzululwazi yezinto ezidlalwayo, kunye nokugxila okungapheliyo kulawulo lwenkqubo. Injongo kukunyusa amandla ayo okudala i-geometrically complex, iinxalenye zetsimbi ezinamandla ngokufanelekileyo, ngelixa usazi imida yayo.
Kuyanika umdla ukubona indlela elivela ngayo ishishini, kunye neenkqubo ezintsha zokubopha kunye neendlela zokubopha ngokukhawuleza ezivelayo. Kodwa imigaqo engundoqo ihleli. Imalunga nokulawula uhambo lomgubo wesinyithi ngokubumba, ukususwa kwe-binder, kunye ne-slid-state sintering ibe yinto ethembekileyo. Xa icofa, bubunjineli obuqaqambileyo. Xa isilela, yimfumba ebiza kakhulu yomgubo we-sintered. Umahluko phantse usoloko ulele kubunzulu bamava kunye nokuzimisela ukubandakanya neenkcukacha zenkqubo, hayi nje ukuthengisa okukhazimlayo.
