Uva intsimbi engwevu kunye nozinzo kumphefumlo ofanayo, kwaye impendulo yokuqala evela kuninzi lwabafana bomgangatho wevenkile yi-shrug ethandabuzayo. Kulungile. Kangangamashumi eminyaka, ibiyeyona nto isebenzayo-ixabiso eliphantsi, elinokuxelwa kwangaphambili, ukudambisa okulungileyo, kulula ukwenza umatshini. Kodwa ezinzile? Oko kuthetha ukuba yayinokuphinda isetyenziswe, isiphelo sebali. Umbuzo wokwenyani awukho malunga nokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto; malunga nekhonkco lenkqubo yonke-ukusuka kwi-melt ukuya kwi-machining floor ukuya kwi-part-of-life part-kwaye nokuba sivuselela apho okanye sihlaza nje. Ndizibonile zombini.
Ubunzima beNkqubo yeLifa
Makhe siqale ngokunyibilika. Iifarnaces ze-cupola zemveli zentsimbi engwevu ziihagu zamandla kunye nemithombo yokukhupha. Ukutshintshela ekunyibilikeni kombane wanamhlanje linyathelo elicacileyo lemveliso ecocekileyo, kodwa i-capex ikhohlakele kwisiseko esiqhelekileyo. Akukhona nje ukuthenga isithando somlilo; sisakhiwo samandla, abasebenzi abanezakhono zokuyiqhuba, ukuphathwa kwe-slag eyahlukileyo. Ndikhumbula indawo ephakathi kumlinganiselo esasisebenza nayo yazama ukuya embindini, isebenzisa inkqubo yamafutha amabini. Ingcamango yayikukusebenzisa igesi yendalo njengesiseko kunye nombane wokulungisa kakuhle. Ibiyinkqubo yobusuku bokusebenza-ukulungiswa rhoqo, ikhemistri engahambelaniyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni, izinga le-scrap liyenyuka. Babuya umva. Sifunda ntoni? Utshintsho olongezelelweyo kwinkqubo yelifa luhlala ludala inkunkuma eninzi, hayi ngaphantsi. Inguqulelo yokwenyani apha ithetha ukuzibophelela kwenkqubo epheleleyo, ekunzima ukuyithengisa xa imida ilinganiswa ngeesenti ngekhilogram.
Emva koko kukho isanti. Ukubumba isanti eluhlaza, umqolo we-grey iron casting, usebenzisa udongwe lwe-bentonite. Yinkqubo evaliweyo, ngokwethiyori. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, isanti iyancipha. Ufumana ukwakhiwa kodongwe olufileyo, ilahleko enokutsha kuthuli lwamalahle (ulwandle) izongezo, kunye nesidingo sokuhlala ulahla isahlulo kwaye ungenise isanti entsha. Intetho ezinzileyo ikholisa ukungahoyi ulungiselelo kunye neendleko zeenkqubo zokubuyiselwa kwesanti. Zikhona, kodwa kumthamo ophezulu, inxalenye yomda ophantsi njengebhloko yenjini okanye i-hydraulic valve body, ixesha lokubuyisela lingaba lide kunobomi bomgca wokuphosa ngokwawo. Inzuzo yozinzo yinyani malunga nokuncitshiswa kwetiphu, kodwa imeko yeshishini ayifani ngaphandle kokuba umgaqo okanye uxinzelelo lwabathengi luyayinyanzela.
Apha kulapho ukukhangela izinto eziphathekayo kuba nenkohliso. Ukusebenzisa amanqanaba aphezulu ezinto ezilahliweyo ezisetyenzisiweyo kusemgangathweni, kodwa umgangatho woko kulahlwayo uyehla. Iintsimbi ezigqunywe ngakumbi, ungcoliseko oluninzi. Ugqibela uchitha ngaphezulu kwi-makeup yentlawulo kunye nonyango lwangaphambili ukubetha okufanayo intsimbi engwevu iinkcukacha zamandla okuqina kunye ne-microstructure. Ke, ibheji yomxholo osetyenzisiweyo inokujongeka ilungile, kodwa amandla kunye neendleko zokuqhuba ukuya apho kunokuphelisa inzuzo. Sisenzo sokulungelelanisa abambalwa abaxoxa ngokuphandle.
CNC Machining: ISinki yamandla afihlakeleyo
Uninzi lweemvavanyo zokuzinza luyeka ukuphosa. Impazamo enkulu. A rhabaxa inxalenye yentsimbi engwevu sisiqalo nje. Awona mandla okwenene asetyenziswa rhoqo kumgangatho womatshini. I-ayina ilula ukwenza umatshini, kodwa oko kunokukhokelela ekungakhathaliyo. Izixhobo zokuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo, isantya esisezantsi kunye nokutya ukunqanda ukophuka kwesixhobo kwiindawo eziqinileyo (umcimbi oqhelekileyo onentsimbi engahambelaniyo) ulahla izixa ezikhulu zombane ngenxalenye.
Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kwiprojekthi yokwakhiwa kwempompo. Ukukhutshwa kwavela kumthengisi oneengxelo zekhemistri ehloniphekileyo, kodwa ukuhanjiswa kwepearlite kwakungahambelani. Iiparamitha zethu ezisemgangathweni zoomatshini, eziphuhliselwe ibakala elifanayo ngakumbi, kukhokelele kukusilela kwesixhobo esingaqhelekanga. Yathini impendulo? Umphathi womgangatho ucofe yonke into emva-izantya ezisezantsi, ukusika okulula. I-Scrap yehla, kodwa ixesha lomjikelo linyuswe ngama-30%. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwindawo nganye egqityiweyo kuye kwaphakama. I-innovation ezinzileyo yayingeyonto entsha; yayimalunga nolawulo lwenkqubo. Kwafuneka sisebenze emva kunye ne-Foundry ukuze siqinise inkqubo yabo, kwaye siphumeze ukubeka iliso kwi-CNCs ukulungisa ukutya ngexesha langempela, kungekhona nje ukubaleka ukwesaba. Kulapho iinzuzo zokwenene zikhona: ukudibanisa i-metallurgy ye-Foundry kwi-G-code yevenkile yomatshini.
Iinkampani ezidibanisa ukuphosa kunye nomatshini zinomphetho apha. Njengo Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 kuzo zombini iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye CNC Machining, banokulawula izinto eziguquguqukayo ukusuka ekugaleleni ukuya kwipasi yokugqibela. Udibaniso oluthe nkqo luvumela ukongeza uyilo lwenxalenye yesitokhwe esincinci somatshini kwasekuqaleni-into ephantse ingenzeki xa ujongene nesiseko esahlukileyo, esikude. Uzinzo lugxininiswe kwinkqubo esebenzayo, engafakwanga njengebango lentengiso.
UYilo loBomi obude, hayi nje ukuRecyclability
Olu lolona tshintsho lukhulu lwengqondo. Uzinzo alukho malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwinxalenye xa ityunyuziwe. Imalunga nokwenza ukuba ihlale ixesha elide kwinkonzo. Kwintsimbi engwevu, oku kuthetha ukutyhala imvulophu ekusebenzeni ngeendlela ezikrelekrele.
Thatha iintloko ze-cylinder kwiinjini ezincinci zamashishini. Umkhwa wawubhekiselele kwi-aluminiyam yokonga ubunzima. Kodwa kwizicelo ezimileyo okanye ezihlala zilayisha, ubunzima ayisiyiyo eyona nto iphambili; ukudinwa thermal kunye nokuqina. Sasebenza kwiprojekthi apho sasisebenzisa intsimbi engwevu edibeneyo (enentwana yechromium kunye nemolybdenum) kunye nesulungekisiweyo. iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa inkqubo yokufezekisa ucoselelo kakhulu, ulwakhiwo olufanayo lwegraphite. Isiphumo saba yinxalenye ye-thermal conductivity engcono kunye nokumelana nokudinwa kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo engwevu, ukukhuphisana ne-aluminiyam ekusebenzeni ngelixa iphuma ngokukhawuleza. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha bekusebenzisa inkqubo ekhulileyo enolawulo olungqongqo kunye ne-alloying ekrelekrele, okukhokelela kwimveliso engayi kufuna ukutshintshwa iminyaka ngaphezulu. Olu luloyiso olukhulu lozinzo, kodwa alungeni kakuhle kwibhokisi yepesenti ehlaziyiweyo.
Enye i-engile yi-geometric innovation. Ngesoftware yanamhlanje yokulinganisa, unokuyila i-ribbing kunye namacandelo okwandisa ukuqina ngemathiriyeli encinci. Oku kukhaphukhaphu kwintsimbi kudla ngokungahoywa. Siye sayila ibhedi yesixhobo somatshini apho songeza i-ribbing yangaphakathi kwipatheni ye-sinusoidal, ephoswe kwindawo kusetyenziswa ii-cores zesanti ezichanekileyo. Yehlisa ubunzima malunga ne-15% ngaphandle kokunciphisa iipropati zokudambisa. Izinto ezincinci ezisetyenzisiweyo, amandla amancinci okuyinyibilikisa, ubunzima obuncinane bokuthutha. Kwakhona, ukusungula kukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obukhoyo kwizinto ezindala.
Umbuzo we-Alloy kunye nezicelo zeNiche
Xa abantu becinga izinto ezintsha, batsibela kwizinto ezingaqhelekanga ialloys ezikhethekileyo. Kodwa ukunyanzelisa i-alloy esekelwe kwi-nickel apho intsimbi engwevu eyenziwe kakuhle iya kwenza into echasene nokugcinwa. Imalunga nobukhulu obufanelekileyo bezinto kwiimfuno zokwenyani zesicelo.
Ndibona oku kwivalve kunye nezixhobo zempompo. Kukho ukungagqibeki kwayo nayiphi na into ebandakanya ulwelo. Kodwa kwiioli ezininzi ze-hydraulic ezingagxumekiyo okanye iigesi ezithile, i-iron ye-flake ephezulu ye-graphite enomphezulu ogqityiweyo ukusuka kwinkqubo yokuphosa echanekileyo yenza ngokugqibeleleyo amashumi eminyaka. Ikhabhoni ekwigraphite ide ibonelele ngeqondo lokuthambisa. Into ephambili yimigangatho yokutywina. Kulapho unokucacisa khona unyango lwendawo okanye ufakelo lwemathiriyeli eyahlukileyo. Ubuninzi bezindlu buhlala busemgangathweni, isinyithi esinokuphinda sisetyenziswe. Le ndlela ye-hybrid yobunjineli obukrelekrele, kodwa ifuna umboneleli onokuthi aphathe zombini ukuphosa kunye ne-post-processing, njengabo banikezela ngokudibeneyo. utyalo mali kunye nokwenza iijometri ezintsonkothileyo.
Ukusilela kukuchaza ngokugqithisileyo. Ndikhe ndaphonononga imizobo apho yonke imilinganiselo yayinonyamezelo oluqinileyo, kwaye i-spec yemathiriyeli yayiyeyentsimbi yodidi oluphezulu lwe-ductile, xa umsebenzi wecandelo wawunolwakhiwo olumsulwa ngaphandle kwemithwalo eguqukayo. Iindleko kunye nesohlwayo samandla sobunjineli obugqithisileyo kakhulu. Ukhetho oluzinzileyo luhlala lukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kufuna iinjineli eziqonda isiseko kunye neenyani zoomatshini, hayi nje iipropathi zencwadi.
Ngoko, ngaba kukho iSigwebo?
Amalungu entsimbi engwevu anokuba sisithuthi sokuziqhelanisa nozinzo, kodwa ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha akudla ngokuba yinto entsha ekhanyayo. Kukwiinkcukacha zegritty yokuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo kunye noyilo olunenjongo. Imalunga nokusuka ekuyiboneni njengempahla yorhwebo ukuya kuyiphatha njengesixhobo sokusebenza esineempawu zayo ezinokulungiswa kakuhle ngolawulo lwenkqubo.
Abona basunguli bokwenene ngababoneleli abavala umsantsa phakathi kwesinyithi kunye nokuvelisa. Amava anzulu enkampani, njengamashumi amathathu eminyaka e-QSY ethatha iindlela zokuphosa kunye noomatshini, iba sisixhobo sozinzo ngokwayo. Olo lwazi lubavumela ukuba banciphise ukulingwa kunye nempazamo, banciphise i-scrap, kwaye bandise indlela yokuvelisa ukusuka kuphononongo lokuqala loyilo.
Ikamva lentsimbi engwevu alikho malunga nokutshintshwa. Imalunga nokusetyenziswa ngobukrelekrele ngakumbi. Elona candelo lizinzileyo yileyo akuyomfuneko ukuba uyenze kabini, leyo ibaleka iminyaka engama-30 ngaphandle kokusilela, kwaye leyo yaveliswa ngamandla amoshwa kancinci kwinqanaba ngalinye. Ukufezekisa oko ngentsimbi engwevu ngumngeni onzima, ongathandekiyo wobunjineli-kodwa kulapho kanye apho uzinzo olunentsingiselo lufumaneka khona.
