Xa usiva 'inkampani yomatshini echanekileyo ye-CNC', umfanekiso wokuqala udla ngokuba ngumgangatho wevenkile ococekileyo onemigca yoomatshini abamenyezelayo, mhlawumbi inxalenye yedemo efanelekileyo phantsi kweglasi. Leyo yinguqulelo yencwadana. Inyani, eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo xa ukhangela, imbi. Imalunga nokwenzekayo xa ibhetshi yempahla inomahluko omncinci, okanye xa uyilo lukhangeleka lugqibelele kwiscreen kodwa ludala iphupha elibi lencoko yesixhobo. Ngumahluko phakathi kwevenkile elandela nje inkqubo kunye nokuqonda i-physics yokusika isinyithi. Uninzi lwempahla lubanga ukuchaneka, kodwa amandla okwenyani angcwatywa kwindlela abaphatha ngayo okungacwangciswanga, 'phantse kulungile ngokwaneleyo,' kunye neealloyi ezilwela umva.
Isiseko asingoomatshini nje
Nabani na unokuthenga ilitye le-five-axis. Isiseko sokwenene somntu okwaziyo ukuchaneka CNC inkampani yomatshini yinkqubo yomnombo. Ndicinga ngendawo efana neQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Ujonge kwimbali yabo yeminyaka engama-30 eqala ukuphosa-igobolondo, utyalo-mali-kwaye loo nto itshintsha yonke into. Umchwephesha ovela kwimvelaphi ye-Foundry ayiboni nje i-billet yentsimbi. Ngokwethuku baqonda ukwakheka kweenkozo, uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olusuka kwinkqubo yokuphosa, kunye nendlela izinto ezinokuthi ziziphathe ngayo xa isixhobo sokuqala siyibetha. Ngumphetho ongabonakaliyo lowo. Iwebhusayithi yabo, i-tsingtaocnc.com, idwelisa iingcali zabo kwi-cobalt kunye ne-nickel alloys, ekuxelela ukuba abazoyiki izinto ezinzima. Ukusebenza ngezo akukho nje malunga nokuqhuba isantya sokutya esicothayo; yintanda-bulumko eyahluke ngokupheleleyo ekunxityweni kwesixhobo kunye nolawulo lobushushu.
Le mvelaphi idala intsebenziswano yendalo. Abenzi nje inxalenye ethile; bahlala begqibezela icandelo abazijubileyo. Oko kuphelisa umdlalo wokutyhola weklasi phakathi kwe-Foundry kunye nevenkile yomatshini xa inxalenye iphumile. Ngaba yayisisiphene sokuphosa okanye impazamo yobuchwephesha? Xa iphantsi kophahla olunye, ingxaki iyasonjululwa. Ndibone iiprojekthi zisilela ngenxa yokuba iqela lomatshini lifumene i-porosity efihliweyo okanye ubunzima obungahambelaniyo. Ivenkile efana ne-QSY elawula izigaba zangaphambili inomatshini ukuyihlawula, okanye ingcono, ithintele ukuba ingenzeki kwasekuqaleni.
Ikhokelela kuhlobo olwahlukileyo lokuchaneka. Akunjalo nje ukuchaneka kwejometri kwi-micron. Imalunga nokuchaneka kwingqibelelo yezinto. Umzekelo, ukwenza icandelo eludongeni olucekethekileyo kwi-investment-cast stainless part kufuna ukwazi ngokuthe ngqo ukuba lungakanani na uxinzelelo oluvalelweyo ngexesha lokupholisa. Ivenkile engenalo lwazi lusisiseko inokuyicinezela kakhulu kwaye ibangele ukugqwetheka, ukufikelela kwimilinganiselo egqibeleleyo kwindawo ejijekileyo ngoku. Ulwazi oluhlanganisiweyo lubavumela ukuba baphuhlise ukulungiswa kunye nolandelelwano oluhlonipha imbali yecandelo.
Apho Ukuchaneka Kufika Kuyinyani (kwaye Kubiza kakhulu)
Makhe sithethe ngomzuzu womgangatho wevenkile owahlula okwenyani kwabazenzisi. Luhlolo lwenqaku lokuqala. Ulungile ngokuchanekileyo CNC machining iqabane alijoli nje imilinganiselo obanike yona. Bafanele bajonge izinto ongakhange ucinge ukuzicacisa. Umphezulu wokugqiba ukuguquguquka kwibhore, ububukhali bekona yeradiyasi yangaphakathi, ubukho bemibhobho emincinci nakwitshaneli ekunzima ukufikelela kuyo. Ndikhumbula umsebenzi wolwelo oluninzi apho yonke imilinganiso yadlulayo, kodwa ingqamu encinci, ephantse yakhazimliswa kwizibuko elinqumlayo labangela ukuvuza okuyingozi phantsi koxinzelelo. Umzobo awuzange ubize ikhefu elithile apho. Ivenkile ekumgangatho ophezulu ibamba loo nto ngethuku kwaye iyisuse njengenxalenye yenkqubo yabo eqhelekileyo.
Iindleko zokuchaneka azikho mgca. Ukubamba ± 0.05mm kusemgangathweni. Ukubamba ±0.01mm kunokuphinda kathathu ixesha lomatshini kwaye kufuna ulawulo lwemozulu. Undoqo lunxibelelwano olunyanisekileyo. Inkampani yobuchwephesha iya kuthi kwangoko ibhengeze unyamezelo oluqinileyo kwaye ibuze Ngaba oku kubalulekile kumsebenzi? Rhoqo, lulungiselelo olungagqibekanga lweCAD. Ndiyabulela xa ivenkile ibuyela umva ngolo hlobo-ibonisa ukuba bacinga ngokwenza izinto kunye nokonga imali, hayi ukucaphula nje ngobumfama. Ndiyibonile iphothifoliyo ye-QSY, kunye nokuntsonkotha kwesamente kunye neendibano zoomatshini zibonisa ukuba ziqhelekile kwezi ncoko, ngakumbi ngezinto ezingaqhelekanga apho umzuzu ngamnye womatshini ubiza ngaphezulu.
Isicwangciso sezixhobo ngomnye umahluli othe cwaka. Ngomthamo ophezulu CNC Machining yentsimbi engenanto okanye yealloyi, usebenzisa isiphelo sokusila esinye ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni kusenokwenza umsebenzi wenziwe, kodwa iyanxiba, kwaye iyakhukuliseka ngokuchanekileyo. Eyona ndlela ibhetele sisicwangciso sezixhobo ezicwangcisiweyo—ukurhabaxa ngenye, ukugqiba ngesiqingatha esinye, ukugqiba ngesixhobo esitsha, esizinikeleyo. Kukuseta ngaphezulu, kuluhlu lwezixhobo ezininzi, kodwa iqinisekisa ukupasa kokugqibela kwenziwa ngesixhobo esibukhali, esinokuxelwa kwangaphambili. Ungahlala ujonga ukuzinikela kwevenkile ngokubuza malunga nolawulo lwesixhobo sabo kunye nokutshintsha iishedyuli. Yinkcukacha ekruqulayo, kodwa kulapho kuhlala khona ukungaguquguquki.
Incoko Yezinto Ezibalulekileyo Abantu abaninzi Bayitsiba
Wonke umntu ugxininise kumatshini wensimbi engenasici okanye i-aluminium. Uvavanyo lwangempela lukwii-alloys ezikhethekileyo. Xa inkampani efana ne-QSY idwelisa i-cobalt kunye ne-nickel-based alloys njengezinto ezizodwa, luphawu. Ezi ayizozinto ozifunda emsebenzini. I-Machining Inconel okanye iStellite yimfundo ekhohlakeleyo kumonde kunye nolawulo lwe-thermal. Basebenza-nzima ngoko nangoko ukuba undlongondlongo kakhulu, bajike isixhobo sakho sokusika sibe sisiqalelo sokufudumeza esisonakalisa iipropathi zesinyithi.
Inkqubo apha incinci malunga nokususwa kwezinto ezinobundlobongela kwaye ngaphezulu malunga nokulawulwa, ukucheba okubaliweyo. Isipholisi asenzelwa nje ukuthambisa; yeyokukhupha ubushushu. Udinga uxinzelelo oluphezulu, luhanjiswe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-cut cut. Kwaye i-geometry yesixhobo yinto yonke-i-rakes ezintle, iingubo ezikhethekileyo. Ivenkile enamava koku iya kuba nethala leencwadi leeparamitha eziqinisekisiweyo abazakhileyo, rhoqo ngolingo olubiza kakhulu kunye neempazamo. Abayi kukucaphula nje umyinge womatshini weyure nganye; baya kuba nesicwangciso esicacileyo sokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo, esineendleko ezinkulu zokuqhuba le misebenzi.
Obu buchule abukho kwindawo engenanto. Ihlala ivela ekukhonzeni amashishini athile, afuna ngamandla-i-aerospace, ioyile kunye negesi, ezonyango. Iiprothokholi kunye neemfuno zamaxwebhu zala macandelo zinyanzelisa uqeqesho oluya kuthi luxhamle wonke umsebenzi wawo. Ukuba banokulanda ibhetshi ye-nickel alloy ukusuka kwi-cert yokusila ukuya kwindawo egqityiweyo yesixhobo somngxuma osezantsi, ukwenza ubuchwephesha bomzimba wevalvu yentsimbi engatyiwayo buba yinto yesiqhelo. Umgangatho ophezulu uba sisiseko.
Xa iDijithali idibana noMzimba-I-CAM kunye nomqobo wokuSeta
Imodeli yeCAD igqibelele. Ukulinganisa kweCAM kubonisa ukuba akukho zingqubana. Emva koko ulayisha iqhekeza lokuqala lesitokhwe. Lo ngumsantsa ukuba akukho software inokuvala ngokupheleleyo. Igqala lomatshini okanye umdwelisi wenkqubo uzisa ingqiqo yendawo ebangela ukujikwa kwesixhobo, ukungcangcazela kwesixhobo sokusebenza, kunye nokuphuma kwetshiphu. Ndibone iinkqubo ezilinganisiweyo ezintle zisilela kuba akukho mntu ubalelayo ixesha elide, iitshiphusi ezinentambo kwintsimbi engatyiwayo zingasonga umnini wesixhobo kwaye zitshabalalise.
Ukuseta kulapho iintsuku zeshedyuli zilahlekileyo okanye ziphumelele. A ephucukileyo ukuchaneka CNC inkampani yomatshini Utyalo-mali kwimodyuli, ukulungiswa ngokwezifiso-okufana nokuseta ilitye lengcwaba kwi-pallet system okanye imihlathi ethambileyo enikezelweyo eyenziwe ngaphakathi endlwini yenxalenye ethile yosapho. Injongo kukunciphisa umthamo wasimahla wenxalenye, uyibambe ngokungqongqo kangangoko ukwehlisa ukungcangcazela. Kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo, ezinamacala amaninzi, oku kunokuthetha ukuyila isisingitho esivumela indawo ukuba ijikelezwe kwaye iphinde ibotshwe ngokuphinda-phinda okugqibeleleyo kwendawo. Ukundwendwela i-tsingtaocnc.com, ungafikelela esi sixhobo kwiindibano zamacandelo amaninzi abonisayo; ezo nxalenye azizange zifumaneke ngaloo ndlela ngee-vises ezilula.
Apha kukwalapho unxibelelwano nomxhasi lubalulekile. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-tweak encinci yoyilo-ukongeza isixhobo esincinci sokufikelela kwisixhobo, okanye ukulinganisa i-radius yekona-inokuguqula inxalenye kwi-fiendish, i-5-setup nightmare ibe ngumsebenzi ochanekileyo we-2-operation. Intsebenziswano engcono kakhulu yenzeke xa iqabane lomatshini lingeniswa ngexesha loyilo lwe-manufacturability (DFM) isigaba. Luphawu lokuqola xa inkampani ibonelela ngohlalutyo lweDFM, hayi nje ukucaphula.
I-Unsexy Backbone: Metrology & Mindset
Okokugqibela, ukuchaneka kulungile kuphela njengokukwazi kwakho ukukulinganisa. Igumbi eligcwele ii-CNC alithethi nto ukuba i-CMM yakho iphelelwe lixesha okanye iqela lakho lomgangatho alixhotyiswanga. Ukuchaneka kokwenyani kufuna utyalo-mali kwi-metrology lolo myalelo wobungakanani uchaneke ngakumbi kunebhendi yakho yokunyamezela. Kwaye akukho malunga nomatshini nje; imalunga neshedyuli yolungelelwaniso, imo engqongileyo elawulwayo, kunye nobuchule bomhloli. Ukulinganisa umphezulu ontsonkothileyo odityanisiweyo okanye ubume bokwenyani bebhore ezininzi bubuchule ngokwako.
Kodwa ngaphaya kwesixhobo, yingqondo. Yinkcubeko apho i-machinist iyakumisa ukubaleka ukuba iva utshintsho kwisandi sokusika, nokuba iinxalenye zilinganisa ngokufanelekileyo. Kukuvuma ukulahla i500 yeqhekeza lealloyi kuba isixhobo sityhutyhe embindini kwaye umphezulu ongaphezulu unokuba sengozini. Eso sisigqibo esinzima sezemali, kodwa sichaza ingqibelelo. Awunakuyenza loo nto. Yakhiwe kumashumi eminyaka, njengembali ye-QSY yeminyaka engama-30, mhlawumbi ngezifundo ezininzi ezifundiweyo.
Ngoko xa uvavanya a ukuchaneka CNC inkampani yomatshini, jonga ngaphaya koluhlu lomatshini. Buza ngeyona mpazamo yabo inkulu kunye nento abayifundileyo. Buza ukuba bayiphatha njani imathiriyeli abangazange basebenze ngayo ngaphambili. Cela ukubona inxalenye engaphumelelanga kunye nengxelo eze nayo. Iimpendulo zabo, kunye nentsingiselo yazo, ziya kukuxelela ngakumbi ngokuchaneka kwabo kokwenyani kunayo nayiphi na incwadana enemifanekiso eqaqambileyo. Iqabane elifanelekileyo ayingomthengisi nje; balulwandiso lweqela lobunjineli bakho, becinga amanyathelo amaninzi ngaphambili malunga nokuba yintoni enokungahambi kakuhle phambi kokuba i-spindle iqale.
