Xa umntu ekhankanya a I-Stellite bushing, into yokuqala edla ngokufika engqondweni 'yinxalenye enzima ngokwenene, ekwaziyo ukuguga.' Ayonto iphosakeleyo, kodwa kukwenza lula oku kunokukhokelela kwiimpazamo ezixabisa kakhulu kwiinkcukacha. Ndikhe ndazibona iiprojekthi apho uyilo lufuna i-generic Stellite 6 bushing kuba i-spec sheet ithe 'ukumelana nokugruzuka okugqwesileyo,' kuphela ukuba ibe nenyongo enzima kumthwalo ophezulu, usetyenziso olujikelezayo olunesantya esiphantsi. Inyaniso kukuba, iStellite asiyonto enye; lusapho lwengxubevange ye-cobalt-chromium, kwaye ukhetho phakathi, yithi, i-Stellite 6, i-12, okanye i-21 ye-bushing yakho ixhomekeke ekubeni ulwa ne-abrasion ecocekileyo, ukhukuliseko lwe-abrasive, ukunxiba kwesinyithi ukuya kwintsimbi, okanye indibaniselwano nomhlwa. Ukufumana oko kungalunganga kuthetha ukusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha, kwaye nditsale isabelo sam se-bushings ethinjiweyo ukungqina oko.
UKhetho Lwezinto eziphathekayo aluyobhokisi yokukhangela nje
Kwasekuqaleni kwexesha lam lokujongana nala macandelo, ndafunda kabuhlungu ukuba ukuodola a I-Stellite bushing kufana nokuodola imoto—ufuna iinkcukacha ezingakumbi. Sasinesicelo sevalvu yomthengi, ephethe i-slurry ene-particulates emihle. Ukuqhutyelwa kokuqala kusetyenziswe i-bushings eyenziwe kwi-cobalt-chromium-tungsten alloy eqhelekileyo. Banxiba, kodwa hayi ngokumangalisayo. Ingxaki ibiyi-mating shaft, ebifumana amanqaku. Isinxibo sasingalingani; yayidala ipateni ekhokelele kwintshukumo. Ukusilela yayingekuko ukubhuqa kukusilela ngokuyintlekele; ibikumsebenzi wendibano yonke uthob' isidima kumakhulu ambalwa eeyure. Kwafuneka sibuyele emva kwaye sijonge isakhiwo se-carbide ye-alloy kunye nobunzima obunxulumene ne-shaft material. Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba sifuna ibakala elinomthamo ophezulu weekhabhide eziqinileyo kweso siphakathi siqhoqhoqho, nangona ibakala elenziwe lafana nelo lelokugqabhuka.
Kulapho ukusebenza kunye ne-Foundry kunye nevenkile yomatshini eqonda imiba ye-nuance. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) unemvelaphi yokubuza le mibuzo. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 yokuphosa kunye noomatshini, kusenokwenzeka ukuba babone iimeko ezifanayo. Amava abo ngokungunda kweqokobhe kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali kwii-alloys ezikhethekileyo kuthetha ukuba abagcini nje ngokugalela isinyithi; balawula i-microstructure echaza ukuba oko I-Stellite bushing izakusebenza. Ndikhumbula incoko kunye neqela labo lobunjineli kanye malunga namazinga okuqinisa i-bushing enodonga olunqabileyo olunzima kunye nendlela eyachaphazela ngayo ukuhanjiswa kwe-carbide. Leyo yinqanaba apho ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwenzeka ngokwenene.
Elinye inqaku elihlala liphoswa kukudibana phakathi kwendlela yokuphosa kunye neempawu zokugqibela. Kwicandelo elishinyeneyo, i-bushing-shaped-shaped, i-cast casting ingalunga. Kodwa kwijiyometri entsonkothileyo enobunzima bodonga obahlukeneyo, njengaleyo inamajelo okuthambisa adityanisiweyo okanye iiflanges, ukuhambelana kwenkqubo yokuphosa utyalo-mali kunokubaluleka ukunqanda i-shrinkage porosity kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Awunakusuka utshintshe eso siphene. Ubuchule obubini be-QSY kuzo zombini iqokobhe lokungunda (olulungele uthotho oluphakathi, ukugqitywa komphezulu ongcono) kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali (iimilo ezintsonkothileyo, zonke ialloyi) luncedo olusebenzayo apha. Ikuvumela ukuba ufanise inkqubo nomsebenzi wenxalenye kunye nemeko yoxinzelelo, hayi nje umzobo wayo.
Machining: Apho ukuCaswa Okulungileyo kunokuhamba kakubi
Le yinxalenye egcina oomatshini bevuka ebusuku. Ufumana ukuphoswa ngokugqibeleleyo I-Stellite bushing blank, kwaye umsebenzi ishafu-wenziwe ngokugqibeleleyo. Umsebenzi we-Stellite unzima. Ngondlongondlongo. Ukuba indlela yakho yesixhobo, isantya, isondlo, okanye imathiriyeli yesixhobo ivaliwe, uya kutshisa kwizinto ezifakiweyo, ungenise iintanda ezincinci kumphezulu, okanye ushiye ngasemva uxinzelelo oluba ziindawo zokuqalisa ukusilela. Ndiye ndachitha iinxalenye ngokuba ndlongondlongo kakhulu ekuphumeleleni kokugqibela, ndidala isiphelo esihle esifihle umsebenzi owenziwe nzima, umaleko womphezulu osengozini.
Injongo kukusika izinto, kungekhona ukuthambisa. Sazinza ekusebenziseni i-setups eqinile, amabakala abukhali e-carbide ngokukodwa kwi-alloys ephezulu yokushisa, kunye nomgaqo wesithupha: ubunzulu obucacileyo bokusika, isantya esiphakathi, kunye nokutya okuhambelanayo ukuze ungene phantsi komgangatho womsebenzi owenziwe lukhuni ukusuka kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ukupholisa yenye ingxoxo. Abanye bafunga ngesikhukula esipholileyo ukugcina ubushushu buphantsi. Abanye, ndibandakanyiwe, bahlala bekhetha ukuqhushumba komoya kwi-Stellite, njengoko ithintela ukothuka kwe-thermal ye-coolant enokukhuthaza ukuqhekeka, kwaye icoca iitshiphusi ngokufanelekileyo ukunqanda ukuphinda ukugawulwa. Kukulungelelana, kwaye uhlakulela ukuvakalelwa kuyo. Amava omatshini we-CNC wevenkile, njengale igqatswa yi-QSY, ibalulekile apha. Ayikokuba noomatshini nje; imalunga nolwazi oluqokelelweyo lwezizwe malunga nokuba ziqhutywa njani kwezi ngxubevange ezinenkani.
I-post-machining, ukulingana kunye nokugqiba yiyo yonke into. I-bushing ayiyonto yokunxiba; lujongano oluchanekileyo. Ukunyamezelwa kwe-ID, ukugqitywa komphezulu (ixabiso lika-Ra), kunye naluphi na ukuhonjiswa okanye ukupolishwa kungenza umahluko omkhulu ekuqhutyweni kokuqala kunye nokugcinwa kwe-lubrication. Sakhe saba nemiba yokubamba i-bushings ngexesha lokuqala kokugunyaziswa kwempompo. Emva kokulawula ulungelelwaniso kunye nokuthambisa, sajonga amahlahla ngokwawo. Ukugqitywa kwe-ID kwakugudileyo kakhulu-kwakungabambeli ifilimu yeoyile ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lenqanaba lokuqalisa elisezantsi. Ukuhoyitha ukukhanya okunqamlezileyo kuye kwayisombulula. Yinkcukacha encinci eneziphumo ezinkulu.
Umxholo we-Alloy oKhethekileyo kunye ne-Real-World Trade-offs
I-Stellite ihleli kwelo candelo le-alloy ekhethekileyo ngesizathu. Iyabiza. Isiseko se-cobalt, izinto ezicwangcisiweyo ezifana ne-tungsten okanye i-molybdenum, ukuphosa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nomatshini onzima-konke kuyadibanisa. Ke, awukhankanyi a I-Stellite bushing kwisicelo ngasinye. Ubalo lixabiso lilonke lobunini: inxalenye yeendleko ngokuchasene neendleko zexesha lokuphumla, ukutshintshwa kwabasebenzi, kunye nomonakalo wesibambiso ngenxa yokusilela. Kwimpompo yokutofa ebaluleke kakhulu kwiqonga elingaphesheya, iStellite bushing yi-inshurensi etshiphu. Kwirola yokuhambisa efikeleleka lula, intsimbi eqinile okanye ibronze bushing inokuba lolona khetho lunoqoqosho ngakumbi kubomi bayo.
Apha kulapho inkonzo epheleleyo yeqabane ibaluleka khona. Inkampani enikezela zombini ukuchithwa kwe-alloy kunye nomatshini olandelayo, njengeenkonzo ezichazwe yi-QSY, inokubonelela ngohlalutyo lweendleko ezidibeneyo. Banokucebisa ukuba ukuphosa okukufutshane kwe-net-shape kunokunciphisa iiyure zokusebenza, okanye ukuba i-alloy eyahlukileyo phakathi kosapho kunokuba lula ukwenza umatshini ngorhwebo oluncinci kuphela kwiipropathi ezinxibileyo kuloo meko yokusetyenziswa. Bajonge kulo lonke ikhonkco lokuvelisa, hayi nje ukuthengisa i-casting.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi apho sasijonge i-bushing for agitator shaft yobushushu obuphezulu. Ingcamango yokuqala yayiyi-Stellite 6. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuxubusha indawo yokusebenza-ukufudumeza kwe-cyclic ukuya kwi-750 ° C, ubukho be-sulfur compounds-incomo yatshintshela kwi-alloy-based alloy nabo basebenza nayo. Ibinokumelana ngcono ne-corrosion eshushu kulo moya uthile, nangona ukuxhathisa iqondo lobushushu begumbi bekusezantsi. Ihlathi lalihlala eziko, kungekhona incwadana enemifanekiso. Izinto ezifanelekileyo zivela ekuqondeni usetyenziso, hayi nje igama lebhrendi yezinto eziphathekayo.
Iintsilelo kunye neZifundo: Amabali Angapholiswanga
Ayingawo onke amabali anesiphelo esicocekileyo. Sazama ukutyhala imida kanye nge-monolithic I-Stellite bushing kwindawo enomthwalo ophezulu kakhulu, ihinge enempembelelo. Ithiyori yayingamandla ayo acinezelayo kunye nokuqina kwayo kuya kuyiphatha. Kwenzekile, okwethutyana. Emva koko yaqhekeka. Ayiphelelwanga—iqhekekile. Isifundo yayisesokuba i-brittleness yendalo yobunzima obuphezulu ayikwazanga ukumelana nomthwalo owothusayo. Siyisombulule ngokuyila ngokutsha indibano ukuze sisebenzise umkhono wokunxiba weStellite ocinezelwe kwizindlu eziqinileyo, ezidityanisiweyo zentsimbi, sivumela imathiriyeli nganye yenze eyona nto ibingcono kuyo. Indima ye-bushing yachazwa ngokutsha ukusuka kulwakhiwo ukuya kwindawo ecocekileyo yokunxiba.
Omnye umgibe oqhelekileyo kukungahoyi indawo yokukhwelana. Ukubeka i-Stellite bushing enzima kakhulu ngokuchasene ne-shaft yentsimbi ethambileyo yindlela yokuphelisa i-shaft. Ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka uphucule i-shaft material okanye unyango lwalo lwangaphezulu (i-hard chrome, i-thermal spray) ukwenza iperi ehambelanayo. Yinkqubo. Ndikhe ndabona i-bushings eyenziwe kakuhle ibuyiselwe phantsi kwewaranti, kodwa ndafumanisa ukuba ukusilela kubangelwe yi-shaft ethambileyo, efakwe amanqaku esebenza njengefayile ngokuchasene ne-ID ye-bushing.
La mava abumba imbono yepragmatic ngakumbi. Uqala ukujonga i-bushing kungekhona njengento ephuma kwi-shelf, kodwa njenge-interface eyilwe ngaphakathi kwenkqubo. Imibuzo iyaphindaphindeka: Lithini ixabiso lePV (Isantya-soxinzelelo)? Ngaba umda wokuthambisa, uxutywe, okanye ifilimu epheleleyo? Ngaba kukho iimeko zokulayishwa komda? Iimpendulo zikhokelela ekukhethweni kwe-alloy, inkqubo yokuphosa yemfezeko, i-machining specs zokugqiba kunye nokunyamezela, kunye neendlela zokuhlola zokugqibela.
Ukuyisonga: Ngaphaya kwePhepha eliKhethekileyo
Ke, yintoni i-takeaway I-Stellite bushings? Kukuba ixabiso alikho kwisiqwenga sengxubevange osifumanayo. Kukuluhlu lwezigqibo kunye nobuchule obudala inxalenye elungele injongo ethile, ehlala ibohlwaya. Iqala ngovavanyo olunyanisekileyo lwemowudi yokungaphumeleli, ihamba ngemathiriyeli yentsebenziswano kunye nokukhethwa kwenkqubo kunye nomthengisi onolwazi, ifuna ukwenziwa ngobuchule, kwaye ifuna umbono obanzi wenkqubo malunga nokuba iya kusebenza njani endaweni.
Ababoneleli abebekwimisele, njenge-QSY ngamashumi eminyaka ekujuleni nasekusebenzeni ezi zixhobo, baba ngaphezulu kwabathengisi. Baba ngabacebisi. Mhlawumbi babone iinguqu ezilikhulu zengxaki yakho. Indima yabo kukuguqulela imfuno esebenzayo-sifuna ukuba oku kuhlale ixesha elide kule sobho eshushu, enqabileyo, enobungozi-kwicandelo elinokwenziwa, elithembekileyo. Olo guqulelo kulapho kwenzeka khona ubunjineli bokwenyani, kwakude kudala ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe umngundo wokuqala.
Ekugqibeleni, ukucacisa i-Stellite bushing yinkcazo yokuba ixesha lokuphumla akwamkelekanga kwaye ukusebenza kubalulekile. Ukuyilungisa kukuziqhelanisa nobugcisa kwi-metallurgy esetyenziswayo, inzululwazi yokuvelisa, kunye nobuchwephesha obusebenzayo. Ukuyenza ingalunganga sisifundo esibiza kakhulu. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini uhlala ulele kubunzulu bencoko onayo neworkshop yakho, phambi kokuba umyalelo wokuthenga unqunyulwe.
