Ubona iintetho ezininzi malunga neeshafts ezichanekileyo kwi-wire kunye ne-bar processing, kodwa ibali lokwenyani alikho kwiinkcukacha zekhathalogu. Kubumdaka, imijikelo yobushushu, kunye nokuphambuka okuchuliweyo okubonayo kuphela emva kokuqhuba iitoni ezingama-50 zentsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu. Wonke umntu ugxile kubunzima, kodwa ukuba undoqo awulunganga, yintonga nje entle, ebiza imali eninzi elindele ukubangela ukuvalwa komgca.
Umbono ongeyonyani: Ubunzima ayisiyiyo yonke into
Xa iivenkile ezininzi okanye ezinye OEMs spec a umphini wokuqondisa, inqaku lokuqala ledatha lihlala lilukhuni lomphezulu. HRC 58, 60, mhlawumbi ngaphezulu. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ufuna ukuxhathisa ukunxiba apho imiqulu inxibelelana. Kodwa ndiye ndaqhawula iishafts ezidibene nobulukhuni kodwa zasilela phambi kwexesha. Ukusilela kwakungekho phezulu; yayiyi-crack yokudinwa eqala malunga ne-5mm ngaphantsi. Undoqo wemathiriyeli wawunokuqina okulambathayo. Ngaphantsi kwe-cyclic egoba imithwalo yokuqondisa, ngakumbi nge-feedstock engahambelani, kulapho inika khona.
Apha kulapho ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo luba luyinyani. Akunjalo nje isinyithi esingenasici okanye i-alloy steel. Kwi-shaft ebona uxinzelelo oluphezulu, udinga ibakala lokuqina kunye nebhalansi elungileyo. Into efana ne-4140 okanye i-4340, iphathwe ngokufanelekileyo ukushisa ukuze ufumane isakhiwo se-martensitic esingaguqukiyo ngokusebenzisa i-cross-section. Ndizibonile iimpahla zizama ukonga iindleko ngentsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi kunye nokungeniswa nje kuqinisa umphezulu. Iyasebenza, ide ingenzeki-kwaye ikhefu liyintlekele, hayi ngokuthe ngcembe.
Sasinecala kunye nomxhasi oqhuba umgca we-wire high-speed for spring steel. Babesitya emigodini rhoqo kwiinyanga ezisi-8. Iimpawu zazibonakala zilungile ephepheni. Sifumene enye yeeyunithi zabo ezingaphumeleliyo, zenze uhlalutyo lwe-metallurgical, kwaye safumana ukuhluka okubalulekileyo kwi-microstructure engundoqo-imiqondiso yokucima okungafanelekanga. Umphezulu wawuqinile, kodwa undoqo wawuyinto eyahlukileyo, ebuthathaka. Ukulungiswa kwakungeyona nto inzima, kodwa inkqubo elawulwa ngakumbi. Olu luhlobo lweenkampani ze-nuance ezifana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) baqonde ukusuka kumashumi eminyaka yabo ekwenzeni kunye nokwenza. Abayikusika isinyithi nje; balawula yonke inguqu yemathiriyeli, ebaluleke kakhulu kwicandelo eligxininisiweyo elinje.
Ijometri kunye noNyamezelo: Apho ithiyori idibana noMatshini
Umzobo ufuna ukunyamezela okuthe tye, yithi, 0.05mm ngemitha nganye. Ifumaneka kwi-lathe elungileyo okanye i-grinder. Kodwa oko kukwigumbi lokuhlola elilawulwa yimozulu. Uvavanyo lokwenyani kuxa i-shaft ibotshelelwe kwisakhelo sokuqondisa, ilayishwe kwangaphambili, kwaye ifudunyezwe ukuya kuma-60°C ngokukhuhlana kunye nobushushu bezityalo ezingqongileyo. Ngaba ihlala ithe tye? Okanye ithatha iseti encinci?
Ukunyamezelwa kwedayamitha kwiijenali ezithweleyo ngomnye umgibe oqhelekileyo. Ukuqina kakhulu, kwaye ubeka umngcipheko wokugabha ngexesha lofakelo okanye uxhuzule ekwandiseni i-thermal. Ukukhululeka kakhulu, kwaye ufumana ukunxila okukhathazayo, ukungcangcazela, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukushukuma oko konakalisa ukuchaneka kokulungisa. Ndikhetha inguqu elawulwayo, ngamanye amaxesha ndide ndichaze i-lead-in chamfer encinci engasoloko ikwi-standard print, ukwenza ugcino lwentsimi lwenzeke ngaphandle koshicilelo lwehydraulic kunye nomthandazo.
Emva koko kukho ukugqiba. Iijenali zidinga ukugaya kakuhle, rhoqo ukuya kwi-0.4 Ra okanye ngaphezulu. Kodwa amacandelo phakathi kwezihlalo eziqengqelekayo? Unokubona iigrooves ezenziwe ngoomatshini okanye nokuba ugqibo olujikajikayo. Kukho isizathu. Oko kuthungwa kunokunceda ukugcina i-lubricant kunye nokuchitha ubushushu ngcono kunomphezulu ogudileyo. Yinto encinci, ingcaciso esebenzayo oyifundayo ngokubona la macandelo enkonzweni, hayi nje ngokuyila.
Umdaniso wokuVelisa: UkuCasa vs. UMatshini ukusuka kwiBar
Kwiisayizi eziqhelekileyo, a umphini wokuqondisa isoloko isenziwa ngoomatshini bobugocigoci okanye kwibhari esongiweyo. Kuyaqikelelwa. Kodwa kwiidayamitha ezinkulu, iimpawu ezidityanisiweyo ezintsonkothileyo (ezifana neeflange okanye iimilo ezingaqhelekanga ezichasene nobunzima), okanye xa imveliso yempahla iyixabiso elikhulu, ukuphosa kuba nomdla. Kulapho ubuchule be-Foundry bubaluleke kakhulu.
I-shaft etyhidiweyo idinga inkqubo engenasiphako yokuphepha i-shrinkage cavities yangaphakathi okanye i-inclusions eba yinto yokunyuka koxinzelelo. I-advanteji kukuba unokusondela kubume bomnatha, ukonga ixesha elininzi lomatshini kwizinto ezilahlwayo. Icala elisezantsi kukuba kufuneka ube novavanyo olungqongqo olungonakalisi (NDT). Senze uvavanyo oluqhutywe kwiminyaka eyadlulayo kwishafu yobubanzi obukhulu kumgca wentonga yobhedu. Sahamba kunye ne-casting yokudibanisa izindlu zokuthwala. Inqaku lokuqala laphumelela kuzo zonke iitshekhi kodwa aliphumelelanga kuvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic-indawo encinci, edibeneyo ye-porosity kanye kwindawo yokucheba okuphezulu. Kwafuneka ndiyilahle. Umzamo wesibini, kunye noyilo oluhlaziyiweyo lokungena kunye noyilo lokunyuka oluvela kwi-Foundry, lwaluqinile.
Olu luhlobo lwesakhono olujongayo kumthengisi. Inkampani efana QSY, kunye nembali yayo ende kwi iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali, inokukhangela kolu khetho. I-shell mold ilungile kwintsimbi kunye namalungu entsimbi anomphezulu ogqibeleleyo kunye nokuchaneka komgangatho, ngelixa utyalo-mali lwenziwe lolona luntsokothileyo, uyilo olunzima kakhulu. Banokuvavanya ukuba i-shaft yenziwe ngcono kwi-bar eqinileyo kubo CNC Machining amaziko okanye ukuba umzila wokuphosa usebenze ngakumbi, kwaye banolwazi lwe-metallurgical ukucacisa ilungelo ialloys esekwe nickel okanye ialloys esekwe cobalt ngenxa yokunxitywa okugqithisileyo okanye iindawo ezityebileyo.
Iindlela zokungaphumeleli: I-Story Shafts
Ufunda ngakumbi kwinxalenye eyaphukileyo kuneyona igqibeleleyo. Umphezulu wokwaphuka yincwadi yembali. Ukuqhekeka okucocekileyo, ngenqwelomoya enye kunye namanqaku olwandle aphuma kwindawo enye? Ukungaphumeleli kokudinwa kweClassic. Iqala kwi-concentrator yoxinzelelo-mhlawumbi ikona ebukhali ekupheleni kwendlela engundoqo engazange i-radiused ngokufanelekileyo, okanye uphawu lwesixhobo olusebenza njenge-micro-crack.
Ndikhumbula umphini owawuqhubeka ucheba isitshixo saseWoodruff. Wonke umntu waqhubeka ephucula imathiriyeli ephambili. Ekugqibeleni, sajonga isitshixo ngokwaso. Yayenziwe ngoomatshini bokungqusha obuqhelekileyo, obushiya umzantsi otsolo, osisikwere. Ukuqhekeka kwaqala apho. Isisombululo yaba ngumyalelo olula kumachinist: Beka iradiyasi kulaa ndlela isezantsi, inkulu njengoko uyilo luvumela. Zange khe ndibenokusilela okunye. Yimizuzu emihlanu yobucukubhede obungaboniswanga nokuba uninzi lweemodeli zeCAD.
Olunye ukusilela okuqhelekileyo, okuchuliweyo kukuphefumlela phezulu. Kwiziluleko ezinemiqulu eqhutywayo, i-shaft ihambisa i-torque. Ukuba i-diameter iphantsi-yenzelwe umthwalo we-torsional, ufumana ukuphambuka kwe-angular. Oku akulophuli ishafti ngoko nangoko; yenza nje ipateni yokuqondisa ingahambelani kwaye yonakalise umgangatho wemveliso. Ungayisukela ingxaki kwiiveki, uhlengahlengisa uxinzelelo lwe-roll, ngaphambi kokuba ucinge ukujonga ukuba i-shaft ngokwayo iyajija phantsi komthwalo.
Ukudityaniswa kunye nokuziva kwe-Shaft elungileyo
Ekugqibeleni, a umphini wokuqondisa ayisosiqithi. Yinxalenye yenkqubo eneebheringi, izindlu, imiqulu, kunye nesakhelo somatshini. Eyona shaft ingcono inokuthotywa ngolungelelwaniso olubi ngexesha lofakelo. Sihlala sigxininisa inkqubo yokufakela: sebenzisa i-laser yokulungelelanisa, kungekhona inqanaba lomoya. Jonga ukuphuma kumanqaku amaninzi ecaleni kobude beshaft xa sele ihleli kwiibheringi zayo, hayi kwibhentshi kuphela.
Kukho kwakhona imvakalelo ephantse ingabonakali kwishaft eyenziwe kakuhle. Ibhalansi. Xa uyijikelezisa kwindawo yokuphumla ezinzileyo phambi kofakelo, kufuneka ijike kakuhle ngaphandle kwamabala anzima. Umphezulu kufuneka ucoceke, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imigca yobungqina onokuthi ubambe uzipho. Ubunzima bufanele buzive bufanelekile kubukhulu bayo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo-uphawu loxinaniso oluhambelanayo, ngakumbi kwiinguqulelo ezityhidiweyo.
Ababoneleli abafumana oku ngabo bebehleli kumzi-mveliso ngokwabo. Bayazi ukuba inxalenye yabo kufuneka isebenze kwindawo engcolileyo, engcangcazelayo, eshushu. Ayingomzobo nje kubo. Xa usebenza neqabane elinikezela ubuchwephesha bokuphosa ukuthembeka kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokuchaneka CNC Machining ukulungiselela okokugqibela kunye nomsebenzi-njengenkonzo edibeneyo onokuyifumana kwifemu eneprofayile ye-QSY-awuthengi nje inxalenye. Uthenga isiqwenga sokuthembeka. Nantso into egcina umgca wokuqhubekeka usebenza, tshintsha emva kweshifti. Injongo kukuba i-shaft ibe yinto yokugqibela ekufuneka abasebenzi bolondolozo becinga ngayo.
