Uma uzwa 'i-Alloy 1' kuleli bhizinisi, ukusabela kokuqala kuvame ukuhlehlisa amahlombe. Akulona igama elikhazimulayo le-superalloy, futhi leso yisicupho sokuqala. Abantu bacabanga ukuthi ihhashi lomsebenzi elijwayelekile, elibiza kancane, mhlawumbe okuhlukile kwe-carbon steel. Lokho kucatshangelwa kubize iphrojekthi engaphezu kweyodwa ngokuya ngokusebenza, futhi, ngokungananazi, imali. Emashumini amathathu eminyaka ami ngizungeze izikhungo nezitolo zemishini, ngibone 'i-Alloy 1' icaciswe emidwebeni lapho unjiniyela edinga nje 'uhlobo oluthile lwensimbi,' futhi ngibone kuwukhetho olubucayi, olungaxoxiswana lwezingxenye ezihlulekayo ngaphansi kwanoma yini enye. Iqiniso liwukuthi, 'Ingxubevange 1' akuyona into eyodwa. Isigaba, indawo yokuqala, futhi ukuziphatha kwayo kunqunywa ngokuphelele ukwelashwa okukhethekile kokushisa, inqubo yokuphonsa, kanye nomshini olandelayo. Ukuyilungisa kuncane mayelana nesitifiketi esibalulekile futhi okuningi mayelana nalo lonke uchungechunge lokugcinwa kusukela ekuncibilikeni kuya ekupheleni.
I-Foundry Floor Reality
Ake sikhulume ngokuyisakaza. Ekubunjweni kwe-shell mold, esiyisebenzisa kakhulu endaweni yethu, Ingxubevange 1 inikeza inselele eyingqayizivele ku-fluidity ngokumelene nokuncipha. Ayinamanzi njengama-ayini athile ampunga, ngakho-ke ukwakheka kwesistimu yokugenca kuba phambili. Ngikhumbula iqoqo lezindlu zamaphampu, mhlawumbe amayunithi angama-500, lapho sasebenzisa khona ukwakheka kwesango okujwayelekile kusuka engxenyeni yensimbi enosayizi ofanayo. Umphumela waba ukuncipha okuqhubekayo ku-flange eqinile. I-alloy ivele yaqina ngokuhlukile. Kwadingeka sibuyele emuva, sikhulise usayizi wesikhuphukeli, futhi sishintshe izinga lokushisa elithelayo ngo-25°C nje kuphela. Kwakulungisa lokho. Yilokhu kulungiswa okucashile okuhlukanisa ukusakaza okusebenzisekayo nokulahlwa. Abafana ku I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY) ukubone lokhu izikhathi eziyinkulungwane—iminyaka engamashumi amathathu ekulingiseni kusho ukuthi wakhe ilabhulali yalezi zilungiso ezincane zamajiyometri namaalloyi ahlukene.
Ukutshala imali kungenye indaba. Lapha, nge Ingxubevange 1, i-surface finish yinhle kakhulu, kodwa izindleko zegobolondo le-ceramic yensimbi engeyona ingxube ye-high-temperature ingaba ukuthengisa kanzima. Ukwenzela inkimbinkimbi kanye nenzuzo eseduze komumo, hhayi ngoba i-alloy ifuna lokho. Sake sasebenza ngomshini wokutshala imali Ingxubevange 1 ubakaki wenzwa ye-turbine okungenzeka ukuthi ubunjwe igobolondo, kodwa iziteshi zangaphakathi beziyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuthi ukuwenza bekuzophinda kabili izindleko. Ngakho-ke, i-premium yenqubo yokutshala imali yayifanelekile. Kuyinto ukubala njalo.
Ugibe lwangempela ukuthatha izinto ezibonakalayo ezingaguquki ezivela kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene. 'Ingxubevange 1' evela ku-Mill A ingafaka umshini njengebhotela, kuyilapho isuka ku-Foundry B iqinisa futhi idla amathuluzi. Umehluko uvame ukuba sezakhini zokulandelela kanye nomkhuba wokukhipha amanzi emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuncibilika. Ukubulawa kwe-aluminium kuqhathaniswa nokubulawa kwe-silicon? Ishintsha yonke into ephansi. Uthuthukisa okuncamelayo komthombo, hhayi nje ngokusekelwe enanini, kodwa endleleni okubikezelwa ngayo ukuthi impahla yabo iziphatha kanjani emishinini yakho ye-CNC.
I-CNC Machining: Lapho Ithiyori Ihlangana Nomzila Wamathuluzi
Yilapho irabha ihlangana khona nomgwaqo. Ephepheni, Ingxubevange 1 inezilinganiso zokusebenziseka kalula. Empeleni, lezo zilinganiso ziyisiphakamiso. Into yokuqala esiyenzayo nge-batch entsha ukusika ukuhlolwa. Sibheke ukwakheka kwe-chip. Ama-chips aqinile, aqhubekayo ayiphupho elibi lokuzenzakalela kanye nophawu esingaludinga ukuze silungise i-angle yokuphakelayo noma ye-rake. Okuhle kuyi-chip ephukile, emise okwe-'C'. Ngamaqoqo athile we Ingxubevange 1, uthola lokho kalula. Nabanye, ulwa nokugxilisa ingqondo okupholile kanye nejometri ye-chip-breaker usuku lonke.
Ukugqoka kwamathuluzi ngumbulali othule. Akufani nokwenza machining ngaphandle kwebala lapho ubona unqenqema olwakhelwe kwakheka ngokubonakalayo. Nge Ingxubevange 1, ukugqoka kwe-flank kuhamba kancane. Ungase uthole isiphetho esihle kakhulu sezingxenyeni zokuqala ezingamashumi amahlanu, bese kuthi engxenyeni yamashumi amahlanu nanye, uqale ukubona ukudabuka okuncane noma ukukhukhuleka kwe-dimensional. Uma usebenzisa ukukhiqizwa kokucisha izibani okungagadiwe, lokhu kungonakalisa i-pallet yonke yama-workpieces. Lokhu sikufunde kabuhlungu kusenesikhathi ngomsebenzi womzimba we-valve onevolumu ephezulu. Setha impilo yamathuluzi ngokusekelwe eshidini ledatha lomphakeli. Ishidi ledatha belinethemba. Sigcine sinezingxenye eziyikhulu ngenxa yokungabekezelelani ngaphambi kokuthi kuqaliswe i-alamu yokuhluleka kwethuluzi. Manje, sakha emkhawulweni wokuphepha olandelanayo futhi siqaphe umthwalo we-spindle ngokwenkolo.
Ukupholisa akukona nje ukupholisa; iwukugcoba kwendawo yokugunda. Ngoba Ingxubevange 1, i-semi-synthetic coolant ene-lubricity enhle ijwayele ukusebenza kangcono kune-synthetic eqondile. Inciphisa amandla okusika futhi isiza ekukhishweni kwe-chip. Kodwa-ke kufanele uphathe uwoyela we-tramp kanye nokukhula kwebhaktheriya ngobudlova. Konke ukukhetha kuwukuhweba.
I-Special Alloys Context
Kungani ngisho ukusebenzisa Ingxubevange 1 uma une-cobalt-based noma i-nickel-based superalloys? Kuyimpikiswano yakudala ethi 'fit-for-purpose'. Ngaba nengxenye kuphrojekthi ye-skid yokucubungula amakhemikhali. Ukucaciswa kokuqala kweklayenti kubize ingxubevange ye-nickel yazo zonke izingxenye ezimanzi ngenxa 'yokumelana nokugqwala.' Ngemva kokubukeza imidiya yangempela yamakhemikhali—into encibilikayo ephilayo emazingeni okushisa azungezile—siphakamise izinga eliphasiswe kahle Ingxubevange 1 (okuhlukile okungu-316L, kuleso simo). Ukonga izindleko bekungaphezu kuka-60%, hhayi nje ezintweni ezibonakalayo, kodwa ngesikhathi sokwenza imishini. Le ngxenye isineminyaka eyisikhombisa isebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Umzwelo wokuchaza ngokweqile unamandla, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezilawulwayo, kodwa ulwazi lukufundisa ukuthi uhlehle ngedatha nezinye izixazululo.
Sekushiwo lokho, ukusebenza nama-alloys angavamile kukunikeza ukwazisa okujulile ngefasitela lokucubungula le Ingxubevange 1. Ingxubevange ye-nickel i-viscous uma iphonswa, ama-cobalt alloys anzima ngesihluku ukuwenza umshini. Ingxubevange 1 ngokuqhathanisa, ukuthethelela. Kodwa 'ukuthethelela' akusho 'kulula.' Kusho ukuthi umkhawulo wephutha ubanzi, kodwa amaphutha asayenzeka uma unganakile. Kungumehluko phakathi kokushayela emgwaqeni obanzi kanye nendawo encane yentaba; usadinga ukunaka.
Kwa-QSY, iqiniso lokuthi baphatha zombili iziphetho ze-spectrum-kusuka kuma-alloys avamile kuya kwezikhethekile-kuyinzuzo yangempela. Kusho inqubo yokuhlela umsebenzi ku Ingxubevange 1 isekelwe isiyalo ngokwedlulele esidingekayo kuma-superalloys. Lokho kuqina kuyehla.
Ukwehluleka Nezifundo Ezifundiwe
Izikhathi ezifundisa kakhulu zivela ekuhlulekeni. Kwakukhona shaft, cishe 75mm ububanzi, eshiwo kuyo Ingxubevange 1 ngamandla aqine kakhulu. I-induction yaqina ngemuva komshini. Ekuhloleni, ithuthukise imifantu emisebe. Icala lokuqala liye kumshini wokushisa. Ngemuva kokubuyela emuva naphambili okuningi, silandelele emuva ekuncibilikeni. Impahla ibinokuqukethwe kwesibabule okuphezulu kancane kunokuvamile, okudale ukufakwa kwe-manganese sulfide emide. Lezi zisebenze njengezigxili zokucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokushisisa okusheshayo nokucisha ukuqina kokungeniswa. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zihlangabezane nebanga elijwayelekile lokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ku-cert, kodwa lalisemaphethelweni obubanzi besibabule. Siyini isifundo? Ezingxenyeni ezibucayi, eziphethwe ukushisa ngemva komshini, udinga ukuqinisa i-spec yempahla engaphezu kobubanzi obujwayelekile be-ASTM futhi ucacise isilawuli sokufakwa. Ukhokha kakhulu ngokuncibilika, kodwa wonga imali eshisiwe ngokugwema ukwehluleka kwenkundla.
Enye imodi evamile, ecishe ibe yiziphukuphuku, i-galvanic corrosion. Ukuvula i Ingxubevange 1 (isho, i-carbon steel) flange ukuya epayipini lensimbi engenasici. Iyisisekelo, kodwa kuma-assemblies ayinkimbinkimbi anezinto eziningi, ayinakwa. I Ingxubevange 1 ingxenye iba yi-anode yomhlatshelo bese igqwala. Akukhona ukwehluleka kwezinto ezibonakalayo; kuwukubheka ukwakheka nokuhlanganisa. Ubona lezi zingxenye zibuya ukuze 'zigqoke ngaphambi kwesikhathi,' futhi ukulungiswa kuyi-gasket engu-$0.50 yokuvikela.
Lokhu kwehluleka yikhona okwakha ulwazi lwesikhungo enkampanini. Kungakho kunesitolo esinomlando weminyaka engama-30, njengalesi esingemuva tsngtaocnc.com, inenani elingaphezu kohlu lwemishini yayo. Kungenzeka ukuthi bahlangabezane futhi baxazulula lezi zinkinga eziqondile, ezimbi.
Ukuphetha Ngaphandle Kwesiphetho
Pho, lokho kusishiya kuphi Ingxubevange 1? Akusona isihloko ongasiphetha ngobunono. Yimpahla echazwa ngokucutshungulwa kwayo. Ukusebenza kwayo ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-metallurgist, unjiniyela we-Foundry, umklami we-CNC, kanye nesihlanzi sokushisa. Awukwazi ukuvele uthenge i-'Alloy 1' bese ulindela umphumela. Kufanele uyichaze, uyilolonge, uyinqume, futhi uyiphathe ngenhloso ethile engqondweni.
Ubungcweti bangempela busekwazini ukuthi yimaphi ama-levers okufanele adonsele kunoma yisiphi isicelo. Ingabe idinga i-aneal evamile noma ukucisha nokucasuka? Ingabe kufanele yenziwe ngomshini ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngokushisa bese iqedwa ngomshini, noma ungakwazi ukuyifaka yonke isesimweni sokucwila? Ayikho impendulo eyodwa. Amaphepha edatha akunikeza isiqalo, kodwa iresiphi yenqubo yokugcina ibhalwa ngokuzama, iphutha, nokubhekwa phansi esitolo.
Ekugcineni, Ingxubevange 1 kuwubufakazi bomqondo wokuthi ekukhiqizeni, azikho izinto eziyisicefe, kuphela izinqubo ezingaqondwa ngokwanele. Ifuna ukuhlonishwa hhayi ngenxa yemvelo yayo engavamile, kodwa ngokutholakala kwayo yonke indawo kanye nobuqili bokuhlukahluka kwayo. Ukuyilungisa ngokuqhubekayo, iqoqo emva kwenqwaba, unyaka nonyaka, yilokho okuhlukanisa isitolo somsebenzi nozakwethu wangempela wokukhiqiza. Lowo ngumsebenzi ongemuhle, wansuku zonke ogcina imboni iguquka.
