Uma umuntu ebalula Ingxubevange 4 endaweni yokusungula noma esitolo semishini, uvamise ukuthola ukusabela okukodwa kokubili: ukuvuma ngekhanda ukwazi okuvela ezandleni ezindala, noma ukubukeka kokudideka okuvela kulabo abacabanga ukuthi kungenye nje ibala elijwayelekile. Akuyona futhi. Emashumini amathathu eminyaka ami ngizungeze isikhunta samagobolondo kanye nemibhede ye-CNC, ngiye ngabona le nto isetshenziswa kabi, isetshenziswa kancane, futhi kwesinye isikhathi isolwa ngokwehluleka okuyizinkinga zokucubungula ngempela. Akuyona ingxubevange eyisimangaliso, kodwa ibhalansi yayo ethile iyenza ibe umenzi othule, onokwethenjelwa wezingxenye ezidinga ukumelana nohlobo oluthile lokuhlukumeza—ukugibela ibhayisikili elishisayo, ukugqwala okusesilinganisweni, nokucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kwemishini—ngaphandle kwezindleko ze-superalloy. Ukudideka kuqala ngegama ngokwalo; akukona ukuqokwa okujwayelekile okufana no-316 noma 17-4PH, okuholela ekuqageleni okuningi, nokuqagela kuyabiza.
Iqiniso eliku-Foundry Floor
Esikhungweni sethu, esiguqukele ekubeni i-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), sisebenze Ingxubevange 4 ngazo zombili izinqubo zokutshala izimali kanye nesikhunta segobolondo izikhathi ezingaphezu kwalokho engingazibala. Into yokuqala oyifundayo ukuthi uketshezi lwalo luhloniphekile, alukhulu. Ayithululi njengamanye ama-carbon steels ageleza ngokukhululekile, ngakho-ke udinga ukucophelela nge-gating yakho nedizayini yesikhuphukeli, ikakhulukazi izigaba ezinezindonga ezincane. Uma uyiphatha njengensimbi evamile, uzogcina une-mistruns noma i-porosity eyeqile. Lokhu sikufunde kanzima ekuqaleni kochungechunge lwezindlu zamavalvu. Amaphrinti adinga amashaneli angaphakathi ayinkimbinkimbi, futhi sasebenzisa isakhiwo sethu sensimbi esijwayelekile. Isivuno sasibi kakhulu—mhlawumbe ama-60%. Imigqomo ye-scrap yayigcwele imidwebo engaphelele. Kwakungelona iphutha lengxubevange; kwakungeyethu ukungavumelani nenqubo yezinto.
Kuphi Ingxubevange 4 ngempela iqala ukukhombisa uhlamvu lwayo ukuthi luyi-post-cast. Ukuhleleka kwayo kuhlezi kuleyo ndawo ephakathi nendawo ethokozisayo. Akuyona iphupho elibi njengama-nickels ahlanzekile, kodwa futhi ayilona ibhotela njengensimbi enomthofu. Udinga ukusetha okuqinile namathuluzi abukhali. Sithole ukuthi ukusebenzisa ireki evumayo futhi nokuqinisekisa ukulethwa okupholisayo okuhle kakhulu onqenqemeni kuthuthukisa kakhulu impilo yamathuluzi kanye nokuphela kwendawo ezikhungweni zethu zemishini ye-CNC. Ukuzama ukukusheshisa noma ukusebenzisa izinsimbi ezigugile kuholela ekusebenzeni kanzima, bese usufuna impi yangempela. Ama-chips kufanele abe nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omuhle, hhayi umbala wotshani obonisa ukuthi ushisa ithuluzi.
Impendulo yokwelashwa kokushisa ingenye iphuzu le-nuance. Alwenzi izinguquko zesigaba esimangalisayo njengamanye ama-martensitic steels. Iphrothokholi ejwayelekile ifaka isixazululo esilandelwa umjikelezo wokuguga, kodwa isikhathi esiqondile namafasitela okushisa aqinile kunalokho ongase ucabange. Sibe nenqwaba yezixhumi zephampu eminyakeni embalwa edlule eladlula ukuhlolwa kokuqala kodwa lehluleka ekuhloleni insimu ngenxa yokuqhekeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngemva kokuklwebheka okuningi kwekhanda kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-metallurgical, sikulandelele emuva ekudluleleni kancane kancane kwezinga lokushisa eligugayo lesithando somlilo. Igudluze ukusatshalaliswa kwemvula ngokwanele nje ukuhlanganisa izinto. Kwakuyisifundo esibizayo sokulawula. Awukwazi ukuba budlabha ngephrofayili eshisayo.
Umongo Wesicelo: Lapho Izuza Khona Ukugcinwa Kwayo
Ngakho lapho Ingxubevange 4 empeleni kunengqondo? Siye sakubona njalo kucaciswa izingxenye zemikhakha yokucubungula amakhemikhali nempahla yokudla. Hhayi okwezindawo ezine-asidi ephezulu—lokho okwezingxube ze-nickel eziphakeme—kodwa okokusebenza okuhlanganisa ama-alkali, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo, nesitimu. Cabanga ngama-mixer shafts, izindlu zamaphampu angabalulekile, noma izinhlobo ezithile zemizimba yama-valve. Amandla ayo kanye nephrofayili yokumelana nokugqwala ilingana kahle naleyo niche, inikela impilo engcono kune-standard 304 stainless ngaphandle kokugxumela endaweni yenani le-Inconel noma i-Hastelloy.
Isibonelo esiphathekayo kwakuyiphrojekthi yeklayenti elidinga ama-agitator angokwezifiso we-reactor ye-biodiesel enkulu. Indawo ezungezile yayihilela i-methanol, i-potassium hydroxide, namazinga okushisa aphakeme. I-316 i-stainless yayiyikhandidethi, kodwa kwakukhona ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-duplex stainless yayinamandla futhi inzima kakhulu ukuwenza umshini. Sahlongoza Ingxubevange 4. Isihluthulelo besichaza isizathu: ukwakheka kwayo okuqondile kumelana naleyo cocktail ethile yamakhemikhali engcono kune-316, futhi ukuqina kwayo kusivumele ukuthi sihlanganise izici ezikhuphukayo ngqo ekubumbeni, ukunciphisa ukusetshenzwa kwangemuva. Lezi zingxenye sezisebenze iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu manje azikho izinkinga ezibikiwe. Yileyo ndawo emnandi.
Iphinde itholakale ikhaya ezingxenyeni ezithile ezigugile. Siyifake ngomshini yaba amarola aqondisayo kanye nama-bushings olayini bokuthutha bezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Inhlanganisela yobulukhuni bokushisa obuhloniphekile kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation kusebenza kahle. Kodwa-ke, ubungeke uyisebenzisele isevisi elimaza kakhulu—yilapho ama-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt engena khona. Imayelana nokufanisa iphrofayili yesakhiwo nemodi yangempela yokwehluleka, hhayi nje ukujikijela okokusebenza okumelana nokugqwala kuzo zonke izinkinga.
Ukunikezwa kokuzulazula kanye nokucaciswa
Enye yezinhlungu zekhanda ezingokoqobo nge Ingxubevange 4 uchungechunge lokunikezela. Ngenxa yokuthi akusona inkanyezi ye-ASTM noma ye-DIN, awukwazi ukuvele ushayele yonke imishini bese uyithola. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, nakuba ngokuvamile kungaguquguquki, kungase kube nokuhluka okuncane okuvela ezitolo ezincibilikayo ezihlukene. Kwa-QSY, sakhe ubudlelwano besikhathi eside nezigayo ezimbalwa ezikhethekile eziqonda ukucaciswa esikudingayo. Sihlala senza ukuhlaziya okugcwele kwe-spectrographic ku-ingot engenayo noma ukubuyisela impahla. Lezo zindleko zangaphambili zonga imali enkulu ekulingiseni okwenqatshiwe kamuva. Ukucabanga ukuthi ishidi le-cert lihlala liphelele kuyindlela yokugwema inhlekelele.
Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa ngqo nenqubo yokudweba kanye ne-RFQ. Uma sibona i-Alloy 4 ekuphrintiwe, into yokuqala esiyenzayo ukuxhumana nonjiniyela futhi sicele imininingwane ethile ebusayo noma izidingo ezinemininingwane zezakhiwo zamakhemikhali/zemishini. Ngokuvamile, bazobhekisela ezingeni lenkampani yangaphakathi noma isicaciso esidala sefa. Ngezinye izikhathi, abazi ngempela futhi baphinda lokho okwakusetshenziswe ngaphambili. Ifulegi elibomvu lelo. Sizobe sesihlinzeka ngeshidi lethu lokuhlaziya elijwayelekile kanye nomjikelezo ohlongozwayo wokwelapha ukushisa ukuze siphume. Lokhu kucaca kuvimbela izingxabano phansi komugqa. Akukona ukuhamba ngezinyawo; kubalulekile ekwenzeni ingxenye esebenzayo.
Siphinde sigcine isitoko esincane esiqinisekisiwe Ingxubevange 4 ibha yesitoko se-prototypes yomshini noma imisebenzi encane yokulungisa. Akuyona into yethu yohlu lwempahla eyinhloko, kodwa ukuba nayo esandleni kusheshisa inqubo yokuthuthukisa kumakhasimende afuna ukuhlola idizayini ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ekusebenzeni ngokugcwele kokusakaza. Idatha yokusebenziseka kalula esiyiqoqayo kule misebenzi emincane yazisa ngokuqondile ukuthi sizobhekana kanjani nohlelo lwe-CNC lokulingisa.
Izifundo ezivela Esitolo Semishini
Ohlangothini lwemishini, ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni zethu ze-CNC ze-5-axis, ukulungisa kubalulekile. Ingxubevange 4 ukukhishwa kungaba nengcindezi eyinsalela, ikakhulukazi uma kulungiswe i-weld. Ukuthatha i-aggressive cut on the first op kungabangela ingxenye ukuthi inyakaze, yonakalise ukubekezelelana. Sihlala siqala ngokusikwa kwesikhumba esikhanyayo ukuze sinciphise ukucindezelwa kwendawo futhi sithole i-datum yangempela ngaphambi kokuya ekujuleni kokugcina. Yengeza isinyathelo, kodwa ishibhile kunokuchitha ingxenye ecishe isiqedwe.
Ukugqokwa kwamathuluzi kulandela ijika elibikezelwe, kodwa alikona umugqa. Uthola isikhathi eside sokuguga okuzinzile, bese kuba ukuwa okusheshayo. Simise ukuphathwa kwempilo yamathuluzi ezinhlelweni zethu ze-CNC ukuze zimake ukufaka ukuze kube noshintsho ngokusekelwe esikhathini sangempela sokusika, hhayi nje ukuqagela. Ukuze siqedele amaphasi, sishintshele ebangeni elizinikele le-carbide elinoqweqwe olukhethekile, okusinikeze indawo engaguquguquki yokuqeda (imvamisa ukushaya u-Ra 0.8 noma okungcono) futhi sandisa isikhathi phakathi koshintsho lwamathuluzi cishe ngo-30%. Lokho kuwukonga okubalulekile ekukhiqizeni izingcezu ezingamakhulu ambalwa.
Ukubhoboza kanye nokuthepha kungaba yinto ekhohlisayo, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni ezingase zibe ne-micro-porosity kusuka kunqubo yokusakaza. Ukubhoboza okuqinile, okucijile okunomjikelezo wokucofa okuhle kuyimpoqo. Ngokuthepha, cishe sisebenzisa ngokukhethekile ompompi aba-spiral-fluted ukuze sikhiphe ama-chips ngempumelelo. Ukuzama ukusebenzisa umpompi wesandla noma umpompi womshini ogugile kuyindlela eqinisekile yokunqamula umpompi embobeni, udale ikhanda elikhulu lokuphinda lisebenze. Sifunde ukugcina ompompi abazinikele, abanelebula kahle balokhu kusetshenziswa.
Imicabango Yokuphetha: Indaba Ecacile
Uma ngibheka emuva, Ingxubevange 4 ihlanganisa umgomo osebenza kuwo wonke ama-alloys akhethekile esisebenza nawo kwa-QSY: azikho izinto zokwakha ezingcono kakhulu, ezisetshenziswa ngokufanelekile kuphela. Inani layo alikho ekubeni eliqine kakhulu, elimelana nokugqwala, noma okulula ukulicubungula. Inani layo lisekusebenzeni kwalo okunokulinganisela, okubikezelwayo, kanye nokusebenza ngendlela eyongayo ngaphakathi kwesethi yemibandela echaziwe. Esitolo semisebenzi esenza izingxenye ezilula kuphela, kungase kungabi nankinga. Kodwa ngokusebenza okuhlanganisiwe okuqondile okufana nokwethu okuphatha yonke into kusukela ekwakhiweni kwesikhunta kuya kumamashini aqediwe, iyithuluzi elinamandla kukhithi.
Ulwazi oluzungezile aluveli kumininingwane; isuka enkumbulweni enqwabelene yokushisisa komlilo okungahambanga kahle, ukwenza amapharamitha abedinga ukulungiswa, kanye nemibiko yokusebenza kwenkambu evela kumakhasimende. Kusekulungiseni okucashile umenzi wephethini aphezulu akwenzayo ekusalungiswa kwesikhunta, noma indlela umhleli we-CNC ekhetha ngayo indlela yokugaya ye-trochoidal yephakethe elijulile. Lobo ubungcweti bangempela obunezinto ezifana nalezi—ulwazi olungasho lutho oluvala igebe phakathi kwezakhiwo zalo zethiyori kanye nengxenye ethembekile, esebenzayo ehlezi emgqeni wokuhlanganisa wekhasimende.
Ngakho, uma ucabangela Ingxubevange 4 ukuze uthole iphrojekthi, yimba udlule igama elijwayelekile. Chaza indawo ezungezile, izingcindezi, ukunemba okudingekayo. Futhi ubambisane nomsunguli obuza leyo mibuzo kusenesikhathi futhi onezibazi zokufakazela ukuthi badlule kule nqubo. Kwenza umehluko phakathi kwesicelo esiyimpumelelo kanye nolwazi lokufunda olubizayo.
