Uzwa 'i-wax investment casting elahlekile' futhi abantu abaningi, ngisho nabathile kwezohwebo, babona le nqubo engenasici, cishe enomlingo lapho uthela khona insimbi egobolondweni le-ceramic futhi uthole ingxenye ephelele. Leyo yinguqulo yencwajana. Okuyiqiniso, ukugaya kwayo kwansuku zonke, ukuxoxisana okuqhubekayo neziguquguqukayo-ukwakheka kwe-wax, i-slurry viscosity, usayizi wezinhlamvu ze-stucco, izindlela zokukhipha inwax, izinga lokushisa ngaphambi kokushisa. Kuncane mayelana nokulandela iresiphi efanelekile nokunye okwengeziwe ngokwazi ukuthi iyiphi ifindo okufanele uyiphendule lapho umswakama ukhuphuka noma iqoqo elisha le-binder lisebenza. Ingxenye 'elahlekile' ayigcini nje ngokunyamalala kwengcina; kumayelana namahora amaningi okucubungula okungakaze kufinyelele eshidini lokucaciswa.
Isisekelo: Konke Kuqala (futhi Kungaphela) Ngephethini
Wonke umuntu uyayiqaphela insimbi, kodwa iphuzu lokulawula langempela iphethini ye-wax. Sasivame ukucabanga ukuthi iyiphi i-wax yomjovo engayenza, inqobo nje uma igcwalisa isikhunta. Iphutha elikhulu. Iphethini enokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi noma ukuhlanekezela okuncane kuzophindaphinda lelo phutha ngokwethembeka kuzo zonke izinyathelo ezilandelayo, igcine isifana nokulingisa okunobukhulu obuncane bokukhukhuleka okungekho inani lemishini elingalungisa ngokugcwele. Ngikhumbula inqwaba yemizimba yama-valve esasigijimela iklayenti, lapho amaphethini ayebukeka elungile emehlweni. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuhlangana, amachweba ayengeke aqondane. Umlandu? Ingxube ye-wax yayithambile kakhulu ekamelweni lethu elilawulwa yisimo sezulu ngalelo sonto; amaphethini ayewele ngaphansi kwesisindo sawo esihlahleni. Ukuthulula konke kwakuyizicucu. Manje, sishiseka ngokweqile mayelana nokuhlolwa kwephethini, sisebenzisa ukulinganisa kokuhlanganisa kumaphethini esampula emisebenzi ebalulekile, hhayi nje ukusakaza kokugcina.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwesihlahla se-wax kungobunye ubuciko bokuzenza njengenqubo. Akukhona nje ukunamathisela izingxenye ku-sprue. Idizayini yokungena—ama-engeli, izindawo zokuxhuma, amadayamitha—iqondisa ukugeleza kwensimbi nokuqiniswa. Kwenze kube okungalungile, futhi wethula isiphithiphithi noma udale izindawo ezishisayo eziholela ekushwabaneni kwe-porosity. Sifunde ukusebenzisa isoftware yokulingisa hhayi njengenhlawulo, kodwa njengesiqalo sengxoxo. Isofthiwe ingase iphakamise ukwakheka, kodwa abafana bethu baphansi, abaneminyaka eminingi yamaphethini okuphuka iso kumagobolondo aphukile, ngokuvamile balungisa ama-engeli ngokusekelwe endleleni udaka oluphuma ngayo ku-geometry yeqoqo elithile. Leyo loop yempendulo yezandla ayinakushintshwa.
Bese kuba khona ingcina uqobo. Ukubuyisela kabusha nokusebenzisa kabusha i-wax kuyindinganiso yezindleko, kodwa ukuwohloka kwamaketanga e-polymer ngemva kwemijikelezo eminingi kushintsha izakhiwo zayo. Iba brittle kakhulu, ithinte isiphetho sangaphezulu. Esikhungweni sethu, siqapha inkomba yokugeleza kwe-melt yamaqoqo e-wax abuyiselwe ngokwenkolo. Ukuhlanganisa i-wax emsulwa kanye ne-wax ebuyiselwe ukuze ushaye iwindi elithile lokusebenza kuwumsebenzi ojwayelekile kodwa obalulekile. Ingenye yaleyo mininingwane engathandeki ehlukanisa ikhwalithi engaguquki nemiphumela engalungile.
Isakhiwo SeShell: Impi Yezingqimba Ngongqimba
Ukwakha igobolondo le-ceramic yilapho inqubo ithola khona igama layo 'i-investimenti'. Utshala isikhathi nezinto ezibonakalayo zibe negethivu entekenteke okufanele imelane nokushaqeka okushisayo. Ijazi eliyinhloko liyikho konke. Kuyisixhumi esibonakalayo esithwebula imininingwane engaphezulu yephethini. Sisebenzisa i-zircon-based slurry emisebenzini eminingi yensimbi ne-alloy—isakhiwo sayo esihle sokusanhlamvu sinikeza isiphetho 'sokusakaza' esibushelelezi. Kodwa i-viscosity kufanele ihlolwe njalo, ilungiselwe izinga lokushisa. Ugqinsile kakhulu, futhi uthola ukwakheka kokunamathela ngezici ezinhle; mncane kakhulu, futhi igobolondo alinawo amandla aluhlaza.
Inqubo ye-stuccoing ibonakala iqondile: ukucwilisa, ukukhipha, isihlabathi. Kodwa ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-stucco nosayizi wokusanhlamvu kungqimba ngalunye kunamasu. Ijazi lokuqala lingathola isihlabathi se-zircon esihle esingu-80-mesh ukuze siphindaphinde imininingwane. Izendlalelo ezilandelayo zingase zisebenzise izinto ezimahhadla ze-alumina-silicate ukuze kube ngcono ukuhlangana phakathi kwezingqimba kanye nokungeneka. Ngike ngabona amagobolondo ehluleka ku-autoclave ye-dewaxing ngenxa yokuthi ukuguqulwa phakathi kwamabanga we-stucco kwakuvele kungazelelwe, kwadala iphuzu lokugxilisa ingqondo. Laqhephuka okweqanda. Manje, sineshejuli ye-stucco eneziqu ezibhalwe phansi, kodwa uchwepheshe oholayo usenobuhlakani bokwengeza idiphu yejazi eliphakathi nendawo uma igobolondo engxenyeni enkulu yesihlahla ibonakala isola.
Ukomisa phakathi kwamajazi kuwukucwilisa isikhathi sangempela. Ukuyisheshisa kuwugibe oluvame kakhulu. Ukomisa okunganele kubamba umswakama, ophenduka ube isitimu ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwe-waxing futhi uqhumise igobolondo ngaphandle kwangaphakathi. Sithuthele emagumbini alawulwayo womswakamo, kodwa nalapho, ukugeleza komoya eduze kwesihlahla esiminyene akulingani. Sizungezisa izihlahla phakathi kwemijikelezo—isixazululo esisezingeni eliphansi senkinga yezinga eliphezulu. Akukho okuzenzakalelayo okusengakwazi ukuphinda ukuthepha okuphrakthizayo kwequpha kugobolondo ukuze kulalele lokho koma okuqondile, okungenalutho.
I-Dewaxing & Ukudubula: Iphuzu Lokungabuyi
I-Dewaxing ukuzalwa okunobudlova kwesikhunta. Sisebenzisa ama-autoclave omusi anengcindezi ephezulu. Isihluthulelo ijubane—ginqa ingcindezi ngokushesha ukuze uncibilikise i-wax engaphezulu ngokushesha futhi udale umfutho oqhuma ophusha ingxenye enkulu ye-wax ngaphandle kwe-sprue. Ihamba kancane, futhi i-wax ikhula ngokushisa, iqhekeze igobolondo. Kodwa kukhona ibhalansi. Kumaphethini amakhulu, aqinile, kwesinye isikhathi sibhoboza izimbobo zokusiza ezindaweni ezingabalulekile ze-wax ukuze sinqande ukunqwabelana kwengcindezi. Ukuguqulwa okuncane kwephethini ye-wax esindisa izinkulungwane ekulahlekeni kwegobolondo.
Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-wax, usala negobolondo elibuthakathaka eligcwele umlotha we-wax osele. Umjikelezo wokudubula ushisa lokhu futhi ushise i-ceramic ibe isikhunta esiqinile, se-monolithic. Izinga lokushisa kwerempu libalulekile. Ukushesha kakhulu, futhi umswakama oyinsalela noma ukuguquguquka kungabangela ukuchitheka kwegobolondo okuyinhlekelele. Sishisa kuze kufike ku-1000°C, kodwa isikhathi sokubamba sibaluleke njengezinga lokushisa eliphakeme. Imayelana nokuzuza ukuguqulwa okuphelele kwe-ceramic kanye nokulingana okushisayo. Igobolondo eliqhunyiswe kahle linendandatho ethile lapho licijwa kancane—umsindo omncane usho inkathazo, ngokuvamile ukutubeka okwanele, okuzodala ukonakala kwegesi ekusakazeni.
Igobolondo elishisiwe libe selidluliselwa endaweni yokuthulula. Isikhathi esiphakathi kokukhipha isithando somlilo kanye nokuthululwa kwensimbi umjaho. Vumela igobolondo liphole kakhulu, futhi usengozini yokugijima kwenkungu noma ukuvala okubandayo njengoba ingaphambili lensimbi liqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Sihlose ukuthulula ngegobolondo phakathi kuka-800-1000 ° C, kuye ngokuthi i-alloy. Lokhu kudinga ukusebenzisana okunonya phakathi kwabasebenzi baseziko kanye nethimba elikhipha utshalomali. Asikho isikhala sokubambezeleka.
I-The The Pour & Knock-Out: Lapho Ithiyori Ihlangana Nephansi
Ukuthela kubonakala kumangalisa, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi, iningi lesiphetho sokubunjwa selivele selivaliwe. Umgomo oyinhloko manje ukugcwalisa isikhunta ngokushesha futhi ngokuhlanzekile. Sisebenzisa i-argon shielding kuma-alloys asebenzayo afana ne-nickel-based ukuvimbela i-oxidation. Uhlelo lokungena oluklanywe emasontweni edlule ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwe-wax manje lufakazela ukubaluleka kwalo. Ubuka insimbi ikhuphuka enkomishini yokuthela, ngethemba lokuthi igeleza kahle, i-laminar ngaphandle kwe-vortexing engadweba nge-slag.
Ngemuva kokuqiniswa nokupholisa, yisikhathi sokukhipha. Lona umsebenzi we-cathartic kodwa oyingozi. Igobolondo liyaphuka kodwa lingaqina ngendlela emangalisayo. Sisebenzisa imishini edlidlizayo futhi ngezinye izikhathi izando zomoya ukuze sikhiphe izinto ezinkulu. Umgomo ukususa igobolondo ngaphandle kokulimaza ukusakaza okuntekenteke noma ukubeka ukucindezeleka okungadingekile ezingxenyeni ezincane. Kumajometri angaphakathi ayinkimbinkimbi, ukususwa kwe-ceramic core kuyinselelo elandelayo. Ezinye izixazululo zomlotha wesoda ziyasebenza, kodwa kuma-cores ayinkimbinkimbi ezingxenyeni zensimbi ye-alloy, ngokuvamile siphendukela kujethi yamanzi anomfutho ophezulu noma ngisho nezindlela zokushaqeka ngokucophelela ezishisayo. Isiteji esingcolile, esidinga abasebenzi abaningi esikukhumbuza ukuthi lena akuyona inqubo yegumbi elihlanzekile.
Osala nakho isihlahla esigayiwe, umhluzi, amasango, nakho konke. Ukuhlola okubonakalayo kokuqala kwenzeka lapha. Amaphutha amakhulu njengokuncipha okukhulu, ukuqhekeka, noma ukugcwaliswa okungaphelele kuyabonakala. Kodwa izinto ezicashe kakhulu—izimbobo ezimbozwe amagobolondo, ukuhlanekezela kancane—zidinga iso eliqeqeshiwe. Ngokuvamile sizosika isampula yokusakaza esihlahleni ukuze sinqamule ngokushesha ukuze sihlole i-porosity engaphansi komhlaba ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ekunqamuleni okugcwele nokuqeda.
Ukuqeda & The Real-World Compromise
I-Cutoff, ngokuvamile enamasondo abrasive noma ama-band saws, isiqalo sokuqeda. Bese kuza ukugaya ukuze kukhishwe iziqu zesango. Yilapho ukubekezelelana kwe-dimensional ekugcineni kufinyelelwa-noma cha. Inqubo eklanywe kahle ishiya isitokwe esincane sokuhlanza. Sihlose ukwakheka kwe-net-net, kodwa imajini yokuphepha engu-0.5-1mm iyindinganiso yobukhulu obuningi okufanele ibhekane noshintsho oluncane lokulingisa. Okwenkampani efana I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ehlanganisiwe CNC imishini amandla, lesi isixhumanisi esibalulekile. Ukulingisa kuklanywe kucatshangwa ngama-datum omshini. Uhlangothi lwe-Foundry lukhiqiza ukulingisa okungelona nje umsindo wejometri kuphela, kodwa futhi kunesitokwe esingaguquki sodonga ukuze ochwepheshe bemishini basebenze. Yilokhu kuhlanganiswa okuqondile okuvela ukubunjwa kwegobolondo futhi ukutshala imali ku-machining enembayo esivumela ukuthi siphathe izinto ezivela ku-ductile insimbi ukuphupha kabi emshinini ama-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt futhi ulethe ingxenye eqediwe.
Ukuhlola kokugcina yilapho zonke izilawuli zenqubo zikhokha khona. Ukuhlolwa kobukhulu, ukuhlolwa kokungena kodayi kokulimala kwendawo, i-X-ray yobuqotho bangaphakathi. Ezingxenyeni ze-high-spec kuma-alloys akhethekile, sizokwenza isitifiketi esigcwele, silandelela inombolo yokushisa ye-ingot kuyo yonke inqubo. Iphelele, kodwa iyona ndlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ezinhlelweni ezibucayi.
Uma ngibheka emuva, ukukhishwa kwe-investment wax elahlekile uchungechunge lwezinqubo ezincane eziyikhulu. Amandla eketango awekho kunoma yisiphi isixhumanisi esiphelele, kodwa ekuqondeni ukuthi isixhumanisi ngasinye sisithinta kanjani esilandelayo. Kumayelana nokulindela ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwengcindezi yomjovo we-wax kungathinta kanjani isikhathi sokumisa igobolondo engxenyeni ewugqinsi, noma ukuthi ukukhetha insimbi engagqwali Ibanga lithinta izinga lokushisa lokushisa kwegobolondo elidingekayo ukuze kugcwaliswe okuhlanzekile. Kuwumkhuba ophelele, kwesinye isikhathi onembile owakhiwe phezu kwesisekelo sokuguquguquka okulawulwayo kanye nolwazi oluzuzwe kanzima. Yilokho iminyaka engamashumi amathathu kuleli bhizinisi, enjani QSY, kusho ngempela—hhayi nje ukwenza izinyathelo, kodwa ukwazi ukuxhumana okujulile, ngokuvamile okungashiwongo phakathi kwazo. Ungathola ukubuka okujulile kwendlela yabo yokusakaza okudidiyelwe kanye nokwenza imishini esizeni sabo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, okubonisa le filosofi esebenzayo, engapheli.
