Ukukhiqiza impushana yensimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile kunoma iyiphi imboni ye-powder metallurgy-futhi isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka kakhulu seketango singalimaza yonke inqubo engezansi. Kwa-QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., sicubungule ngaphezu kuka-12,000 kg we-cobalt-nickel nezimpushana zensimbi engagqwali zemizimba yamavalvu asebenza ngogesi, izindlu zamaphampu, nemibhobho ethobela i-AMS 5387 kusukela ngo-2021. Esikufundile akuzange kubangele ukusatshalaliswa kwe-7% ukwehluleka ezingxenyeni ze-alloy T800; okuqukethwe komswakama okungaphezu kuka-0.08% okubangele ukugoba kwendawo ngesikhathi sokucindezela okushisayo kwe-isostatic; kanye nokulandelelwa kweqoqo lomphakeli okungaqinisekisiwe kubambezele ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku okuthathu kwamakhasimende. Ukukhiqizwa kwempushana yomhlaba wangempela kudinga okungaphezu kwemishini—kudinga isiyalo se-metallurgical, izivumelwano eziphindaphindwayo, kanye nokungabekezeleli nhlobo kokuhlukahluka.
I-Atomization: Lapho I-Chemistry Ihlangana Ne-Kinematics
I-atomization yegesi isalokhu iyindlela yethu yokuya kuma-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt njenge-T800 ne-AMS 5387—ikakhulukazi lapho ukuqina kohlangothi ngaphansi kwemithwalo engu-200 MPa hydraulic kungaxoxiswana ngayo. Sisebenzisa i-nitrogen ku-7.2 MPa pressure kanye ne-engeli engu-45° melt-stream impingement ukuze sifinyelele ku-D50 = 28–32 μm nge <5% usayizi oweqile (>106 μm) izinhlayiya. I-atomization yamanzi isebenzela izimpushana zensimbi yesakhiwo (isb., i-SS316L yezisekelo zephampu), kodwa kuphela ngemva kokudonsa okuqinile kwangemva kwe-atomization ku-950°C ku-hydrogen ukuze kwehliswe okuqukethwe komoyampilo ngaphansi kuka-0.15 wt%. Okubaluleke kakhulu, asilokothi seqe ukuhlolwa kokuhlakazeka kwe-ultrasonic ngaphambi kokusefa: uma izinhlayiya ziphinda zihlangana phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-90 ku-isopropyl alcohol, siyenqaba inkatho-ngisho noma ukuhlaziywa kwesisefo kudlula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-agglomerates aphuka ngokungalindelekile ngesikhathi sokuhlangana, okwenza ama-gradients aqala ukuqhekeka okuncane ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa.
Inqubo ye-Rotary Electrode: Lapho Ungakwazi Ukukhokhela Ama-Oxides
Kumabhomu e-cobalt-nickel asebenza ngaphezu kuka-650°C kumathuluzi okukhipha uwoyela negesi, ukufakwa kwe-oxide kuyinhlekelele. Lapha, i-rotary electrode processing (REP) iletha lokho i-atomization yegesi engeke ikwazi: umoya-mpilo oseduze noziro (<0.02 wt%), i-spherical morphology, nokulawula usayizi oqinile (D10–D90 span <1.8). Siphotha ama-electrode e-AMS 5387 ku-12,500 rpm ngaphakathi kwamakamelo okugeza aphethwe ku-1 × 10−2 mbar. Impushana ewumphumela igeleza ku-22 s/50g (I-Hall Flowmeter), ipakishela ku-62% ukuminyana okubonakalayo, kanye nama-sinters ku->99.2% ukuminyana kwethiyori ngaphandle kwe-HIP. Kodwa i-REP ayiyona indawo yonke—siyayigwema ngokusakazwa kwensimbi okudinga iziza ze-graphite nucleation. Esikhundleni salokho, sisebenzisa impushana ye-Fe-2.5C ene-athomu yamanzi ngokuhlukaniswa kwekhabhoni okulawulwayo, bese sengeza i-0.8% ye-flake graphite ngesikhathi sokuxuba ukuqinisekisa ama-nodule e-graphite afanayo ngemva kwe-sinter-anneal.
Amasango Ekhwalithi: Ayikho Impushana Eshiya Ngaphandle Kokudlula Omane
Siphoqelela izindawo zokuhlola ezine ezingaxoxisana ngaphambi kokuba noma iyiphi inqwaba yempushana iye ekuxutshweni:
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwamakhemikhali: I-ICP-OES ngokumelene nezinto eziyisethenjwa eziqinisekisiwe (CRM NIST SRM 1262a ye-Co, CRM NIST SRM 3125a ye-Ni); ukuchezuka >0.15% kubangela ukuhlolwa kabusha okugcwele
- Usayizi we-particle & shape: I-Laser diffraction (i-Malvern Mastersizer 3000) + imaging SEM; Ukubukeka kwesilinganiso >1.8 noma ukuzungeza <0.7 ayifaneleki
- Ukugeleza nokuminyana: I-Flowmeter yeHholo + i-Scott Volumeter; izinga lokugeleza kufanele libe ngu-18–24 s/50g, ukuminyana ngobuningi 2.8–3.1 g/cm³
- Ukuhlolwa kokungcola: I-Ferrography yemfucumfucu ye-ferrous wear; I-XRF iskena ukuze uthole imikhondo ye-Cr, Mo, noma Ti kusuka ekugijimeni kwangaphambilini
Sifaka yonke imiphumela kusistimu yethu ye-MES eqinisekisiwe ye-ISO 9001—enokulandeleka okugcwele kwempahla emuva enombolweni yokushisa ye-ingot eluhlaza. Uma inqwaba yehluleka ngisho nesango elilodwa, iyalungiswa—ayehliswa.
Kungani “Kusebenza Kahle” Kusho Ukushintshashintsha Okulawulwayo, Hhayi Isivinini
Ezinye izimboni zijaha amathani ngehora. Sijaha ukuchezuka okujwayelekile. Ekukhiqizeni kwethu impushana emisebenzini yefekthri ye-powder metallurgy, ukusebenza kahle kusho ukubamba i-D50 ukushintshashintsha ukuya ku-±0.9 μm kumaqoqo angu-10 alandelanayo—hhayi ukusika isikhathi se-athomu ngo-12%. Kungani? Ngoba izindlu zesilinda sephampu ye-piston zenziwe ngomshini kusuka kumpushana eno-±3.2 μm D50 ukuhlukahluka kubonise amazinga angu-22% aphezulu okuvuza ekuhlolweni kwengcindezi kubha ye-350. Sitshala imali ngesikhathi sangempela sokuqapha izinga lokushisa le-plasma, ukulawula ingcindezi yegesi evaliwe, kanye nokulinganisa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-sieve shaker njalo emahoreni ama-4. I-ROI ayikhiphi ngokushesha—isusa ukusebenza kabusha ezihlalweni zevalvu ye-cobalt alloy engu-$4,200.
QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. ayiphathi impushana njengempahla eluhlaza kodwa njengesisekelo se-DNA yazo zonke izingxenye. Ukukhiqizwa kwethu kwempushana ekuhambeni komsebenzi kwefekthri ye-powder metallurgy kuqala ngokuqinisekiswa kwe-alloy chemistry, kuyaqhubeka ngokusebenzisa i-atomization eyenziwe kahle ngokwe-kinematically, futhi kuphela ngemva kokuba amasango amane ekhwalithi azimele eqinisekisa ukuphindaphinda-hhayi kanye nje, kodwa kuwo wonke amakhilogremu endaweni. Yileyo ndlela ama-valve okucindezela aphila ngayo impilo yesevisi yamahora angu-15,000 kumaphampu angaphansi kolwandle. Yileyo ndlela ama-winch center shaft roller agcina ngayo ukuphuma ngaphansi kuka-8 μm ngemva kwemijikelezo yokushisa engu-500. Ikusasa lingelabakhiqizi bempushana abangalinganisi impumelelo ngamakhilogremu ngokushintshashintsha—kodwa ngama-microstructures nge-micrometer ngayinye.
