Masicacise: ukwenza imishini yokusakaza enembayo akusona nje isinyathelo sesibili; kulapho isithembiso senqubo yokulingisa sigcwaliseka khona noma siphulwa khona. Ama-spec sheet amaningi kakhulu akuthatha njengokucatshangelwa kamuva, ibhokisi okufanele liphawulwe. Iqiniso liwukuthi, lokho kukhishwa kwe-investimenti okuhle okuphuma egobolondweni kuvamise ukungabi nalutho okunembayo okuphezulu. Ijiyomethri yeqiniso, ukubekezelelana okubalulekile phakathi kwama-microns ambalwa, isiphetho esingaphezulu esihlangana nenye ingxenye—lokho konke kuzalelwa endaweni yokukhanda. Ngibone amaphrojekthi amaningi kakhulu ekhubeka ngokuphatha ukulingisa kanye nokwenza njengama-silos ahlukene. Abafana esithandweni somlilo kanye nabafana kuma-CNCs badinga ukuba sengxoxweni efanayo kusukela ngosuku lokuqala.
I-Handoff Engenakugwemeka: Ukusuka ku-Cast Shape kuya Engxenyeni Yomshini
Uthola ukusakaza kulethwa, mhlawumbe indlu yephampu ku-316 engenasici kusukela kunqubo yokutshala izimali. Kubukeka kuphelele. Kodwa uma uyibeka ku-CMM, indaba iyashintsha. Izindawo ze-datum aziphansi noma azihambelani ngokwanele ukuba zibe ireferensi yakho yomshini. Izibhobo zincane futhi azigxili. Lokhu kuvamile. Yingakho imishini ikhona. Ikhono langempela ku ukunemba Casting machining iqala ngokusetha kokuqala. Awusebenzi ku-billet; usebenza usuka eduze kwe-net-shape enezingcindezi zayo zangaphakathi kanye nokuhlanekezela okucashile kusukela kunqubo yokupholisa. Isu lakho lokulungisa kufanele likuvume lokho. Yibambe ngokungalungile, futhi uzoyisungula, bese ubuka ukubekezelelana kuqhuma ngemva kokukhipha.
Ngikhumbula umzimba we-valve wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-subsea, ucezu lwe-alloy olusekelwe ku-nickel. Ukubunjwa okuvela ku-Foundry kwakuzwakala, akukho porosity yokuncipha, kwadlula i-X-ray. Kodwa umzamo wethu wokuqala wokwenza imishini ebusweni obukhulu bokuvala uphumele ekuqedeni kwengxoxo embi. Siyilandelele emuva ekujikeni kodonga olungahambisani ngemuva kobuso, insalela ye-ceramic core positioning esikhunjeni. Ukusakaza kwakuzophrintwa, kodwa ukuphrinta akuzange kubale ukudlidliza okwenziwe kwasendaweni ngesikhathi somshini. Kwadingeka siklame kabusha indlela yamathuluzi, sisebenzisa iphasi yokuqedela elula kakhulu kunesikhala esingenalutho. Lolo uhlobo lolwazi oluyimfihlo oluthola kuphela ngokwenza lokhu, kusukela ekuboneni ukuthi umlando ofihliwe wokulingisa uhlangana kanjani nomsiki.
Lapha kulapho ukuzizwisa kwesitolo kubaluleke khona. Inkampani efana ne-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), enamashumi amathathu eminyaka ekulingiseni nasekukhiqizeni imishini, ithola lokhu kusebenzisana. Ungakubona esizeni sabo ku- https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Akuyona nje isizinda esisebenza ngosonkontileka abancane, noma isitolo semishini esithenga ukulingisa. Ukuphatha lonke iketango ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa kusho ukuthi ithimba labakhi lingakwazi ukubuyela eqenjini labadidiyeli bese lithi, Uyalubona lolu donga oluncane? Ingabe singangeza okusalungiswa okuncane noma ubambo oluqinisayo esikhunjeni ukuze sibulale i-harmonic ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuyisicefe? Leyo loop yempendulo iyigugu.
Okubalulekile Kuyi-Boss: Ukulungisa Lokho Inqubo Yokusakaza Ikunikeza
Ukusebenza ngezinto ezisansimbi, ikakhulukazi ama-alloys akhethekile afakwe kuhlu lwe-QSY njenge-cobalt kanye ne-nickel-based, isilwane esihlukile kunesitokwe sebha yomshini yebanga elifanayo lezinga. I-microstructure ihlukile. Inqubo yokufaka utshalomali ingakha uhlamvu oluhle, olufana, oluhle kakhulu ezimpahleni, kodwa futhi lungenza impahla ishube kakhulu noma i-gummy kuye ngokuphathwa kokushisa. Awukwazi ukuvele udonse ishadi elijwayelekile lokuphakelayo/lesivinini le-Inconel 718 futhi ulindele ukuthi lisebenze ucezu lwabalingisi. I-inclusions, ukuhlukaniswa okuncane-zikhona.
Sifunde lokhu kabuhlungu ngenqwaba yokusakazwa kwe-cobalt-chrome yezifakelo zezokwelapha. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zazidume kabi kumathuluzi. Sashisa ezigayweni ngesivinini esishaqisayo kwaze kwaba yilapho sisebenzisana nochwepheshe bensimbi ovela ohlangothini lwe-foundry. Inkinga bekuyizinga lokupholisa kusukela kunqubo yokuphonsa, edale inethiwekhi yama-carbide aqine kakhulu emingceleni yokusanhlamvu. Amathuluzi ethu ajwayelekile e-carbide abeqhuma. Isixazululo kwakungesona nje isivinini esinensayo; ibishintshela ebangeni elihlukile le-substrate yethuluzi lokusika ngokuphelele, elidizayinelwe ukusikeka okuphazamisekile ezintweni eziqhumayo. Iphuzu liwukuthi, imingcele yemishini inqunywa umlando we-casting metallurgical.
Lokhu kusebenza nasezintweni ezijwayelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, i-ductile iron. Imishini yokuphonsa yekhwalithi enhle enhle, kodwa uma i-nodularity icishiwe, uthola i-gummy, ukusika okudabulayo okucekela phansi phezulu futhi kucekele phansi impilo yamathuluzi. Iphrothokholi yomshini omuhle wokulingisa ihlanganisa isinyathelo sokuqinisekisa okubalulekile, ngokuvamile i-spectrograph esheshayo noma ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni kumgijimi, ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale umjikelezo obizayo we-CNC. Yindawo yokuhlola okungaxoxiswana nayo.
I-Datum Hunting: Ukusika Kokuqala Nokubaluleke Kakhulu
Lokhu kungase kube isici okungaxoxwa ngaso kakhulu ngaso ukunemba Casting machining. Ukusungula ama-datum akho ayinhloko ekulingiseni okungahluziwe kuwubuciko. Ngeke ucabange lutho. Leyo flange ebonakala iyisicaba? Cishe ikhotheme. Lezo zigaxa ezimbili ezihloselwe ukuqondanisa? Azihambelani ngokuphelele. Kufanele uthole ingxenye ohlelweni lokudidiyela lomshini ngendlela enciphisa inani lempahla oyidingayo ukuze uyisuse ukuze udale ama-datum akho eqiniso, anomshini.
Sivame ukusebenzisa umkhuba wokuhlola ku-CNC ukuze siveze izindawo ezibalulekile ngaphambi kokusikwa kokuqala. Isikhathi emshinini, kodwa konga izinsalela. Uvumela uhlelo ukuthi luthole indiza elingana kahle kakhulu noma indawo ephakathi nendawo, bese lushintsha uhlelo lokuxhumanisa ngendlela efanele. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuze uthole izingxenye ezinembe kakhulu, sizokwenza nokukhulula ingcindezi yangaphambi komshini. Thatha i-light cut ukuze udale i-datum yesikhashana, bese uthumela ingxenye ukuze uhambe ngebhayisikili elishisayo ukuze uyiphumuze, bese uyibuyisela futhi uphinde umise idatha endaweni emshinini. Kubuhlungu, kepha ezingxenyeni ezibamba ukubekezelelana ngaphansi kuka-0.02mm, kuvame ukuba ukuphela kwendlela.
Ngibone izixazululo ezilula, ezihlakaniphile futhi. Emndenini wama-impeller ensimbi, i-Foundry (uzakwethu ofana ne-QSY endleleni yabo ehlanganisiwe) waqala ukusakaza ngamaphedi amancane, aphakanyisiwe ezindaweni ezingabalulekile. Lawa ma-pads ayeklanyelwe ukuthi ahambisane ngokuphelele nesikhunta. Umsebenzi wethu wokuqala bekuwukubhekana nalawa maphedi amathathu ukuze sakhe i-rock-solid, i-kinematic mounting fixture yayo yonke imisebenzi elandelayo. Kube wushintsho lwedizayini ehlanganyelwe olwalondoloza amahora okusetha nesikhathi sokuhlola. Yilokho synergy oyifunayo.
Lapho Izinto Zingahambi Kahle: Porosity, Shifts, kanye Salvage Ops
Akuwona wonke ama-casting aphelele. Isitezi somshini yisango lokugcina lekhwalithi. Uzosikwa bese ubona kuvela umgodi omncane we-porosity. Umbuzo uhlala uthi: ingabe kuyamukeleka? Ngokwezinga le-ASTM, mhlawumbe. Ngomsebenzi wengxenye? Lokho kuyikholi yokwahlulela yobunjiniyela. Kwesinye isikhathi ungakuhlanganisa. Kwesinye isikhathi, isendaweni ebucayi yokuvala, futhi ingxenye iyisilaphu. Ukuba nomshini osendlini kusho ukuthi lesi sinqumo singenziwa ngemizuzu, unjiniyela osakaza khona lapho ukuze asihlole, kunokuba ngamaviki nge-imeyili kuwo wonke amazwekazi.
Inkinga ecashile kakhulu ukugudluka okuyisisekelo. I-ceramic core yangaphakathi ihamba kancane ngesikhathi sokuthululwa, okwenza izindonga zibe zincane ngakolunye uhlangothi kunokuklama. Uthola lokhu uma uklama isithukuthezi bese ubhodloza ungalindele. Akukho ukuhlenga ngalokho. Okuwukuphela kokulungiswa ukulawulwa okungcono kwenqubo ku-Foundry. Kulapho futhi lapho ukusebenza okuhlanganisiwe kubonisa khona inani lakhona. Ithimba lemishini linikeza impendulo esheshayo, engokomzimba—Sibe ne-blow-through ku-batch XYZ ku-flange ephansi—futhi ithimba elidlalayo lingabuyela emuva lihlole inqubo yalo yokusetha ewumongo yaleso sikhunta. Ivala iluphu ngokushesha.
Sake saba noxhaxha lwezindlu ezinkulu zensimbi engagqwali lapho ingxenye ngayinye ikhombisa ukuqina okuncane endaweni efanayo ngemuva kokuqeda. Bekuyizimonyo, kodwa iklayenti alivumanga. Esikhundleni sokuwachitha, sasebenza nochwepheshe wokushisela owayekwazi ukulungisa i-micro-TIG, sabe sesiphinda salungisa indawo yendawo. Kwakubiza kabusha, kodwa kwasindisa izingxenye. Isifundo bekuwukulungisa idizayini yesikhuphukeli ekulingiseni kuma-oda azayo. Inqubo yokwenza imishini yathola iphutha lokuphonsa, futhi isisombululo sasetshenziswa phezulu nomfula.
I-Finish Line: Ngaphezu kuka-Ra Nje
Ukuqedwa okungaphezulu ekulingiseni komshini akuyona nje inombolo ye-Ra. Kumayelana nobuqotho bomphezulu. Ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi kokukhathala, njengama-turbine blades noma izingxenye zegiye lokumisa, inqubo yokumaka akumele idale imifantu emincane noma izingcindezi eziqinile. Lokhu kuvame ukusho amaphasi okuqeda alawulwayo, athambile, kwesinye isikhathi alandelwe yizinqubo ezifana nokupeyinta noma ukucijwa. Isikhumba se-as-cast ngokuvamile sisuswa ngokuphelele ezindaweni ezibucayi ngoba singaba ne-oxidation encane noma i-inclusions.
Bese kuba nokuzinza kwe-dimensional. Ukulingisa okukhulu, okuyinkimbinkimbi okwenziwa ngomshini ohlangothini olulodwa kungasonteka njengoba ukhulula izingcindezi zangaphakathi ngokususa okubalulekile. Kwesinye isikhathi kufanele umshini ngezigaba, uphenye ingxenye futhi ukhiphe okokusebenza ngokulinganayo ukuze ulinganisele ukukhululwa kwengcindezi. Kungumdanso. Awumane usike ube nesimo; uphethe isimo sokucindezeleka sengxenye kuyo yonke inqubo. Ngikhumbula ikesi legiya elikhulu lapho bekufanele silungise yonke into ngomshini, siyithumele ukuze sinciphise ingcindezi yokudlidliza, bese sibuya sizosebenza. Ukweqa leso sinyathelo bekuyobangela ukuthi izingxenye ziphume ngenxa yokubekezelelana ensimini.
Ekugcineni, ukunemba Casting machining iyibhuloho phakathi kwengxenye engase ibe khona kanye nokusebenza kwayo. Idinga ukuhlonishwa ngenqubo yokulingisa eyafika ngaphambi kwayo. Akuwona umsebenzi ozenzakalelayo, ozenzakalelayo. Kudinga ukwahlulela, isipiliyoni, futhi ngokuvamile, umugqa oqondile obuyela esitezi sesisekelo. Uma ubheka amakhono enkampani, ufuna ukubona ukuthi bayakuqonda lokhu okuqhubekayo, kusukela kungxubevange encibilikisiwe kuya onqenqemeni lokugcina oluchithiwe. Yilokho okuguqula isimo esiseduze-netha sibe ingxenye yempumelelo yenetha.
