Lapho abantu abaningi bezwa 'ukunemba kwezingxenye zomshini', babona ngeso lengqondo umshini we-CNC ovungamayo, ukhafula izingxenye ezinhle. Leso isicwebezelisi sokumaketha. Iqiniso, ingxenye ebaluleke ngempela, yilokho okwenzeka emaphethelweni—izinqumo ezenziwa ngaphambi kokuba ithuluzi lokuqala lithinte isitoko, kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga okwenzeka lapho, ngokungenakugwenywa, okuthile kungahambi kahle. Akukhona nje ukubamba ukubekezelelana; kumayelana nokuqonda ukuthi lokho kubekezelelana kuphila kanjani emhlabeni wangempela, ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ezingeni lokushisa, ekuhlanganiseni. Izitolo eziningi kakhulu zilengiswe emandleni omshini ephepheni, zikhohlwe ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo, ukulungisa, isu lendlela yamathuluzi, kanye nokupholisa, kuyizinqamuli zangempela zokunemba.
Isisekelo: Iqala ngokulingisa
Awukwazi ukunemba ngomshini wenze isisekelo esibi. Yilapho amaphrojekthi amaningi, ikakhulukazi ayinkimbinkimbi, ehamba eceleni kusenesikhathi. Sithola ukuphrinta kwengxenye ye-turbine noma umzimba we-valve, futhi ukugxila ngokushesha kugxumela ekubekezeleni okuqinile nokuqeda phezulu. Kodwa uma ukulingisa kokuqala kunokuncipha kwangaphakathi, ukujiya kodonga okungahambisani, noma izindawo eziqinile, ulwa impi ehlulwe kusukela ekuqaleni. Imishini iba umsebenzi wokuhlenga, hhayi owokunemba.
Yingakho indlela yethu ku I-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ihlehla kancane kwabanye. Njengoba sineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ekulingiseni, sibheka ingxenye ngokuphelele. Ngomzimba wevalvu wengcindezi ephezulu ku-duplex stainless steel, ingxoxo iqala ngedizayini yesikhunta senqubo yokutshala imali. Siyiqondisa kanjani ingxenye yegobolondo ukuze siqinisekise ukuqina kokuqondisa futhi sinciphise i-porosity ezindaweni zokuvala ezibalulekile? Leso sinqumo, esenziwe amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi komshini, sinomthelela omkhulu ekuzuzeni ingxenye yokugcina engavuziyo, ezinzile kunanoma yikuphi ukulungiswa ngomzuzu wokugcina ku-CNC.
Ngikhumbula umsebenzi we-marine pump impeller ku-alloy esekelwe ku-nickel. Iklayenti lize kithi ngemva kokuba esinye isitolo sinenkinga yokuphuka kwamathuluzi futhi asikwazanga ukubamba imininingwane yebhalansi. Inkinga kwakungelona uhlelo lomshini; kwakungukugeleza okusanhlamvu ekubunjweni. Inqubo yokuqala ye-Foundry yakha izinhlamvu ezingahleliwe, ezimahhadla. Sidizayine kabusha isistimu yokufaka isango yenqubo yethu yokubumba igobolondo ukuze sikhuthaze ukufana okufanayo, ukwakheka okusanhlamvu okucolekile. Ngokuphazima kweso, ukwenziwa kwemishini kwakubikezelwa, amathuluzi ahlala, futhi ibhalansi eguquguqukayo yayilungile ngokucaciswa. I ukunemba izingxenye machining iphumelele ngoba ukulingisa bekuklanyelwe yona.
Okubalulekile Akukona Nje Ukukhetha Kumenyu Yokudonsela Phansi
Ukusebenza ngama-alloys akhethekile njenge-cobalt-based noma uchungechunge lwe-Inconel akukhona nje ukushintshela kokufakwayo okungagugi kakhulu. Ukuziphatha kwezinto ezibonakalayo kunquma yonke into. Ingxoxo nensimbi. Insimbi engagqwali, ngokwesibonelo, ifuna ukusebenza kanzima. Ungena ngokusikwa okulula, okuphakelayo okunensayo, futhi ungakwazi ukucwebezela phezulu, wenze ukudlula okulandelayo kube nzima nakakhulu futhi konakalise ithuluzi. Udinga ukuzethemba ukuze uthathe ukusika okunolaka ngokwanele ukuze ungene ngaphansi kwalolo lungqimba oluqinile lomsebenzi, oludinga ukulungiswa okuqinile kanye nomshini onetorque.
Bese kuba ukushisa. Ukucupha lawa ma-alloys kukhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu, okwasendaweni. Kushonaphi lokho kushisa? Ikakhulukazi ethuluzini, yingakho ukukhetha okupholile kanye nokusetshenziswa kubalulekile. Kodwa futhi ingena engxenyeni. Ngesigaba esinodonga oluncane lukabakaki we-cobalt alloy aerospace, lokho kunwebeka okushisayo kungokoqobo. Ungase uyifake kubukhulu obufaneleke kakhulu ku-25°C, kodwa ukushisa okuvela kumashini kuyinwebisile. Lapho iphola ibuyele egumbini lokuhlola, isuke iphelelwe ukubekezelelana. Kufanele unxephezele lokho, kungaba ngokupholisa okungaphakathi kwenqubo noma ngohlelo lwakho lwe-CAM. Kuwumuzwa othuthukayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuka ukuthi ama-chips azigoqa kanjani kanye nombala wawo.
Lokhu sikufunde kabuhlungu kusenesikhathi ngenqwaba yezihlalo ze-Stellite. Siwafake ngomshini wonke kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwebhendi yokubekezelelana, sithatha inqubo ephelele, epholile. I-CMM iwabonise wonke engaphansi kancane ngemva kokulinganisa okushisayo. Kwadingeka kukhishwe inkatho. Manje, ngokulinganisa okubalulekile ezintweni ezinjalo, sakha ku-offset eshisayo noma, okungcono kakhulu, sebenzisa ukuhlola okungaphakathi kwenqubo ngemva komjikelezo olawulwayo wokupholisa phansi. Yengeza isikhathi, kodwa umehluko phakathi kwengxenye kanye no-a ukunemba ingxenye.
I-CNC Inguzakwethu, Hhayi Umlingo
Ukuheha kwesikhungo semishini ye-5-axis kunamandla. Umbono wokuthi ungalungisa ukusakaza okuyinkimbinkimbi kanye futhi ushicilele zonke izici uyiqiniso ngokobuchwepheshe. Kodwa ukusebenza kuhlukile. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma utshekisa ikhanda noma uzungezisa ithebula, ushintsha i-vector yamandla okusika, ukusebenza kahle kwesipholile, kanye nokuqina kokusetha. Ukuze uthole izindlu zensimbi ezisindayo, lokho kungase kungabi nandaba. Ngokusakazwa okuzacile, okungaqediwe kwe-17-4 PH okungenasici, kungaholela engxoxweni noma ekuphambukeni.
Ngezinye izikhathi, indlela enembe kancane inembe kakhulu. Singase sikhethe ukwenza umsebenzi wesibili kumshini we-3-axis ngokulungiswa okuzinikele kwesethi yezimbobo ezinama-engeli, ngenxa yokuthi lokho kulungisa kunikeza ukuzinza okungenakuqhathaniswa kwalowo msebenzi othile. Umgomo ubuqotho bengxenye yokugcina, hhayi ukubonisa amakhono omshini wezincwajana. Umuzwa wethimba ekwahluleleni lokhu—ukuthi kusetshenziswa nini i-axis engu-5 kanyekanye, lapho kukhomba khona, kusetshenziswa nini ukusetha kwesibili—inani elingabonakali. Awukwazi ukuthenga leyo software.
Bengibuyekeza uhlelo lwenqubo ngolunye usuku ngokuningiliziwe. Unjiniyela osemncane wayehlele umzila wamathuluzi we-5-eksisi omuhle, osebenza kahle wokusetha okukodwa. Ibukeke iphelele ekufanisweni. Kodwa ngimenze washintsha. Okukodwa kwamaphasi okuqeda bekuzoshiya ithuluzi libandakanya okokusebenza ku-orientation ecishe iqonde mpo, leyo kulelo banga elithile lensimbi, obekungakhuthaza ukuqedwa okungekuhle kwendawo ebusweni obuvaliwe obubalulekile. Siyiphule yaba amasethingi amabili. Kwathatha isikhathi eside, kodwa isiphetho sasiphelele. Umshini uyithuluzi; ulwazi lwenqubo luwubuciko.
Ukuhlola: Indaba Idatha Eyixoxayo
Ukuphasisa ukuhlolwa kwesihloko sokuqala kuyinto eyodwa. Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani uphase yikho konke. Sincika kakhulu ku-CMM yethu kanye nedatha ye-surface profilometer, kodwa hhayi nje ukuthola isitembu sokudlula/sokwehluleka. Sibheka amaphethini. Uma i-diameter ebhorekile ochungechungeni lwemizimba yephampu yensimbi ekhonjiwe ihlala ithrenda iya ohlangothini oluphezulu lokubekezelelana, kodwa ngaphakathi kokucaciswa, lokho isignali. Ingabe ukugqoka kwamathuluzi? Ukushintsha okushisayo okuncane? Noma ingabe iphethini ekulingiseni ngokwayo—mhlawumbe ukuhlanekezela okungaguquki, okuncane okuvela kunqubo yokulingisa esingakwazi manje ukuyibikezela futhi siyinxephezele ku-CAM?
Le luphu yempendulo yedatha yilapho kwakhiwe ukuvumelana kweqiniso. Ivala igebe phakathi kwesitezi sesitolo sokuphonsa kanye nesikhungo somshini. Sabelane ngalezi zinhlobo zemibiko nethimba lethu labalingisi, okuholele ekulungisweni kwenqubo yokubhaka isikhunta esinciphise ingcindezi eyinsalela futhi senza umsebenzi wokusebenza uzinze kakhudlwana. Uma ulawula izinqubo zombili, unokunethezeka—cha, isibopho—ukusebenzisa idatha esuka kwenye ukuze uthuthukise enye.
Isibonelo, idatha evela ekwenzeni ama-alloys akhethekile ivamise ukusikhombisa ukuthi yimaphi amaqoqo wezinto ezibonakalayo asebenza ngokungaguquki. Leyo ngqondo ibuyela emuva ekutholeni kwethu izinto ezibonakalayo. Izinga lokuhlanganisa elingenzeka kuphela uma ukwenza imishini kungabonakali njengesevisi ezimele, kodwa njengesigaba esisodwa somjikelezo wempilo wengxenye. Lena ifilosofi esiyakhile e-QSY eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu, futhi inemininingwane endleleni yethu yokubhekana nayo. tsngtaocnc.com. Umgomo akukhona nje ukwenza ingxenye yokuphrinta namuhla, kodwa ukuqonda inqubo ngokujule ukuze siyenze ibe ngcono, futhi ngokubikezelwa, kusasa.
I-Trap Enhle Ekwanele
Inselele enkulu ku ukunemba izingxenye machining ayihlali inobuchwepheshe; kuvame ukudayisa. Ingcindezi yokunciphisa izindleko ingxenye ngayinye inkulu kakhulu. Futhi kuhlale kunephuzu lapho ingxenye inhle ngokwanele—idlula i-QC, ilingana (ikakhulukazi), ikhasimende lingase lingaboni nokuqaphela. Kodwa yisicupho leso. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nalezo ezisebenzisa ama-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt esivame ukusebenzisana nazo—sicabanga ukuthi amasistimu kaphethiloli noma izingxenye zezimboni ezigqoke kakhulu—aziphumeleli ngokwanele. Ihluleka kancane, kuyabiza, futhi kuyingozi.
Ukubuyisela emuva kulokhu kudinga izwi elicacile. Kusho ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi ukutshela iklayenti ukuthi ukubekezelela kwalo elikucelile esicini esingabalulekile kulibiza ngokungadingekile ngo-20% ngaphezulu, noma ukuthi izinga elihlukile lezinto ezibonakalayo lingalinikeza ukusebenza okungcono kohlelo lwalo lwangempela. Kumayelana nokuba nguzakwethu wokukhiqiza, hhayi nje umdayisi. Yilapho okubalulekile khona iminyaka engama-30 yengqikithi. Sibonile ukuthi izingxenye zihluleka kanjani emkhakheni, futhi lokho kwazisa ukuthi sigcizelela kanjani ukuthi zenziwe.
Ekugcineni, ukunemba machining kuwumsebenzi wokuthembana. Iklayenti lisithemba ukuthi sizoqonda izidingo ezingashiwongo—impilo yokukhathala, imijikelezo eshisayo, imithwalo yemishini—ezingekho emdwebeni kodwa ezibhalwe kuhlelo lokusebenza. Sizuza lokho kuthenjwa ngokubonisa umsebenzi wethu, ngokuchaza ukuthi kungani ngemuva kwenketho yenqubo, futhi ngokuba nomlando wokulingisa, izitifiketi zezinto ezibonakalayo, nokulandelelwa okugcwele kokuyisekela. Yilowo mkhiqizo wangempela. Ingxenye eyenziwe ngomshini iwubufakazi obubonakalayo nje.
