Lokacin da mutane ke magana game da ɓataccen simintin kakin zuma, sukan damu da ƙirar kakin zuma ko ƙarar ƙarfe na ƙarshe. Da yumbura slurry? Ana bi da shi kamar fenti mai sauƙi, matakin baya. Wannan shine kuskuren farko. A hakikanin gaskiya, slurry shine ainihin mai yin gyare-gyare; Halinsa yana nuna ko kun sami simintin gyare-gyare mara lahani ko tarkace mai tsada. Ba kaya ba ne. Batch ɗin da ke aiki don bakin karfe na iya yin kasala da bala'i don ɓangaren gami mai tushen nickel mai bakin ciki. Na ga shaguna da yawa, har ma da ƙwararrun ƙwararru, suna ɗauke da shi azaman mai girma-daya-daidai-duk gauraye, kawai don fuskantar faɗuwar harsashi, haɗawa, ko ƙarewar saman ƙasa, sannan a zargi lalata ko tanderun. Gaskiya yawanci tana farawa da tanki mai slurry.
Ya Fi Laka Kawai - Haɗin Kan Tattaunawa
Tushen yana da sauƙi: gari mai laushi (kamar fused silica ko zircon) da mai ɗaure, yawanci silica colloidal ko ethyl silicate. Amma mai sauki ya ƙare a can. Rarraba girman barbashi na gari yana da mahimmanci. Kuna buƙatar haɗaɗɗen ƙwaya mai laushi da lafiyayyen hatsi don cimma daidaitaccen maɗauri. Yayi kyau sosai, kuma zaku sami raguwa mai yawa da fashe yayin bushewa da harbe-harbe. Ya yi yawa sosai, kuma ƙarewar saman ku za ta yi muni, rasa duk cikakkun bayanai da kuka yi aiki tuƙuru don kamawa a cikin kakin zuma. Domin mafi yawan aikin mu yumbu slurry don asarar kakin zuma a QSY, muna karkata zuwa tsarin tushen zircon don gami da zafin jiki mai zafi. Yana da mafi girman refractoriness, wanda ba za a iya sasantawa ba lokacin da kuke zubo gami da tushen cobalt waɗanda ke kururuwa daga cikin tanderun.
Zaɓin ɗaure wani kiran hukunci ne. Colloidal silica yana da abokantaka mai amfani, tushen ruwa, amma yana ƙarfafa ƙarfi a hankali. Ethyl silicate yana gina harsashi mai ƙarfi da sauri, amma yana da tushen barasa-haɗarin wuta, sarrafa ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, kuma yana iya sa harsashi ya yi tsayi sosai, yana haifar da hawaye mai zafi a cikin ƙarfe. Muna amfani da duka biyun, amma don hadaddun, sassan sassa na bakin ciki a cikin karfe ko bakin karfe, sau da yawa muna tafiya tare da tsarin matasan. Yana game da daidaita ƙarfin kore, ƙarfin kora, da yuwuwa. Babu amsar littafin karatu; girke-girke ne da kuke daidaitawa bisa la'akari da zafi a cikin bita a ranar.
Sa'an nan kuma akwai additives. 'Yan digo-digo na wakili don rage tashin hankali don haka slurry ya rufe kakin zuma daidai gwargwado, musamman a saman saman hydrophobic. Na'urar cire foam ɗin wajibi ne - kumfan iska da aka makale sune lahani na harsashi da ke jiran faruwa. Wani lokaci ana buƙatar ƙaramin kaso na musamman na abin da ake ƙara anti-veining don wasu geometries don hana waɗancan fasar gashin gashi a cikin yumbu. Kuna haɗa wannan, kuma ba kawai ku kalle shi ba; ka ji shi. Dankowar dole ne ya shafa yatsa ta wata hanya ta musamman, yana barin madaidaicin, madaidaicin Layer. Muna duba shi da kofin Zahn, amma ƙwararrun mutane sun san ta hanyar ɗigon ruwa.
Iblis yana cikin Tsarin: Rheology da Sarrafa
Hadawa ba kawai jefa abubuwa a cikin tanki ba. Yana da tsari mai sarrafawa, sau da yawa a hankali, don guje wa bulala a cikin mahaɗin. Muna amfani da mahaɗin propeller tare da takamaiman kusurwar ruwa. Bayan haɗuwa, slurry yana buƙatar tsufa-wani lokacin sa'o'i 24-don ilimin sunadarai ya daidaita. Rheology ya canza. Sabuwar gauraye slurry na iya matsewa da sauri daga bishiyar kakin zuma, barin sirara, gashi mai rauni. Tsoho zai sami mafi kyawun kaddarorin thixotropic: yana gudana lokacin tashin hankali amma yana riƙe da siffar sa lokacin da yake har yanzu, yana gina nau'in nau'in nau'in.
Ma'aunin sarrafawa shine al'adar yau da kullun. An duba yawa (ko takamaiman nauyi) ta addini. Yayin da ruwa ke ƙafewa, yawan adadin ya hau, kuma dole ne a daidaita shi da ruwa mai narkewa. Ana bincika danko kafin kowane motsi. Abubuwan pH don tsarin silica colloidal; idan ya drifts, silica barbashi iya fara gel da wuri, lalata dukan tsari. Na yi asarar tanki mai lita 500 sau ɗaya saboda an yi amfani da gurɓataccen guga, yana canza pH. Wannan darasi ne mai tsada a cikin horon tsari. Ba kawai kuna kiyaye ruwa ba; kuna kiyaye tsarin rayuwa mai rai, colloidal.
Tsoma taron kakin zuma fasaha ce. Tufafin farko, ko kuma babban riga, shine mafi mahimmanci. Yana ma'anar ƙarewar farfajiya. Sau da yawa muna amfani da gari mai kyau a nan, wani lokacin har ma da ƙara zircon mai kyau. Lokacin magudanar ruwa, jujjuyawar bishiyar don gujewa taruwa, sarrafa ƙurar muhalli-komai yana da mahimmanci. Bayan rigar farko, nan da nan za mu yi amfani da stucco (yashi mai laushi) yayin da slurry har yanzu yake jike. Sa'an nan yana da sake zagayowar: bushewa, tsoma, stuccoing, bushewa. Yanayin bushewa (zazzabi, zafi, iska) yana da mahimmanci kamar slurry kanta. Guguwa wannan yana haifar da harsashi kore tare da danshi mai kama, wanda ya juya zuwa tururi kuma yana fashe yayin cirewa.
Harka a Ma'ana: Tumbin Ruwan Gilashin Gilashin Nickel
A nan ne ka'idar ta hadu da wuta. Muna da aikin don ƙaramin bututun injin turbine na tushen nickel. Hanyoyin kakin zuma sun kasance masu rikitarwa, tare da tashoshi masu sanyaya ciki. Gudun farko ta yi amfani da daidaitaccen tsarin mu na karfe gami da slurry. Sakamakon? Yawancin ruwan wukake sun nuna fashe-fashe masu kyau a cikin gefuna na baya bayan da aka cirewa a cikin autoclave. Harsashin ya yi tsauri sosai kuma ba zai iya jure saurin faɗaɗa kakin zuma ba. Rashin gazawar ya kasance a cikin tsarin slurry-binder; ya yi ƙarfi da ƙarfi, ya gagara ga wannan lissafin.
Gyaran ya kasance daidaitawar abubuwa da yawa zuwa ga yumbu slurry don asarar kakin zuma. Da farko, mun ɗan rage ma'aunin ɗaure a cikin riguna biyu na farko don ba da damar ɗan ƙaramin sassauci. Na biyu, mun canza stucco don rigar farko zuwa ɗan ƙaramin yashi mai zagaye-zagaye don rage abubuwan tattara damuwa. Na uku, mun tsawaita lokacin bushewa tsakanin riguna na farko da kashi 50%. Ya rage yawan samarwa, amma ya yi aiki. Harsashi suna da isasshen ƙarfi don ɗaukar ƙarfe amma isasshen ƙarfi da kuma micro-ba da don tsira daga lalata. Irin wannan warware matsalar daidaitaccen tsari ne a shago kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), Inda fayil ɗin kayan aiki daga simintin ƙarfe zuwa gami na musamman yana tilasta ku mutunta slurry azaman mai canzawa, ba koyaushe ba.
Wani mahimmin ma'ana: don waɗannan gawawwakin zafi mai zafi, harsashi yana buƙatar jure wa ba kawai zafin jiki ba, har ma da tsayin zafi yayin da babbar cibiyar simintin ke ƙarfafa sannu a hankali. slurry wanda sinters ko taushi da wuri zai iya haifar da shigar karfe, haifar da m, gauraye saman wanda ke mafarkin tsaftacewa. Tsarin mu na zircon slurry, wanda aka haɓaka tsawon shekaru, an ƙirƙira shi don kiyaye amincin sa har zuwa iyaka, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa za mu iya dogaro da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai na cobalt da na tushen nickel.
Matsalolin gama gari da jin sa
Bayan bayanan fasaha, akwai ilhami. Wani slurry da aka yi amfani da shi don yawan tsomawa yana tara ƙura daga stucco da mai ɗaure mai ruwa. Yana yin kauri, girman barbashi yana canzawa. Ba za ku iya ci gaba da ƙara ruwa kawai don daidaita danko ba; wanda ke dilutes abun ciki mai ɗaure. Kuna buƙatar sabunta tanki lokaci-lokaci tare da sabon slurry. Akwai wuri mai dadi a cikin zagayowar rayuwar tanki inda yake da daidaito daidai-yawanci bayan wasu zagayowar shakatawa.
Matsala ɗaya mai tsayi shine slurry magudanar ruwa yana haifar da leji ko ginawa mai kauri a ƙasan ƙirar kakin zuma. Wannan yana haifar da bambance-bambancen taro na thermal yayin zubar, yana haifar da raguwar porosity a cikin ƙarfe a wurin. Maganin ba koyaushe a cikin slurry kanta ba, amma a cikin dabarar tsomawa - wani lokacin kuna buƙatar tsoma, juya digiri 180, kuma sake tsomawa don samun ko da gashi. Gyaran hannu ne.
A ƙarshe, dangantakar dake tsakanin slurry da harbe-harbe na gaba. Dole ne a harba harsashi don ƙone duk wani abin da ya rage da kakin zuma da maras tabbas kuma don haɓaka ƙarfinsa na ƙarshe. Idan dabarar slurry ta kashe, harsashi na iya fashe ko fashe yayin harbi. Kullum muna yin gwajin harba harsashi daga sabon tsari ko tsari kafin ƙaddamar da samarwa. Manufar inshora ce mai arha. Harsashin da aka harba ya kamata ya kasance yana da daidaiton launi da kuma bayyananniyar ping, mai sauti lokacin da aka taɓa shi da sauƙi. Tsawa mara nauyi yana nufin matsala - mai yiwuwa ƙarancin ƙarfi ko ƙananan fasa.
Kammalawa: Gidauniyar ita ce Komai
Don haka, bayan shekaru talatin a cikin wannan wasa a QSY, daga harsashi harsashi zuwa simintin saka hannun jari, idan akwai abu ɗaya don guduma gida, wannan shine: kada ku raina ɗakin slurry. The yumbu slurry don asarar kakin zuma ita ce kwangilar tushe tsakanin ƙirar kakin zuma da narkakken ƙarfe. Tsari ne mai ƙarfi, mai rai wanda ke buƙatar girmamawa da kulawa akai-akai. Kuna iya samun mafi kyawun kakin zuma, ingantaccen ƙirar gating, da tanderun da aka daidaita, amma slurry mara kyau zai lalata shi duka. Ba aiki mai ban sha'awa ba ne - sau da yawa yana da lalacewa kuma mai maimaitawa - amma an gina ingancin duk abin da ke biyo baya, Layer ta Layer, a cikin wannan tanki. Haqiqa gwaninta ba wai kawai a haxa shi zuwa wani takamaiman takarda ba; yana cikin sanin yadda ake tweak ɗin shi don ɓangaren bishiyar a yau, ga kayan da za a zuba a mako mai zuwa, da kuma matsalar da kuka warware amma kuna iya sake gani a cikin wani nau'i na daban. Wannan ita ce sana'ar.
