Lokacin da mutane suka ji 'Micro metal injection gyare-gyare', ko MIM a kan ƙaramin ma'auni, tunanin nan da nan ya kasance game da ƙananan ƙananan sassa masu rikitarwa. Gaskiya ne, amma kuma a nan ne rashin fahimta ta farko ta kasance. Ba wai kawai game da ƙarami ba; yana game da yin ƙananan abubuwa waɗanda a zahiri suke aiki a cikin ainihin duniya, akai-akai, kuma ba tare da karya banki ba. Tazarar da ke tsakanin samfurin da ke baƙar fata akan faifan microscope da aikin samarwa na guda 500,000 waɗanda ke tsira daga haɗuwa da aiki shine inda ainihin labarin yake. Na ga ayyuka da yawa sun yi tuntuɓe ta hanyar ɗaukar shi azaman sigar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan sigar MIM. Ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, halin kayan abu, tunanin kayan aiki-duk yana canzawa.
Rawar Material a Micro Scale
Yin aiki tare da kayan abinci don micro MIM wasa ne na ƙwallon daban. Kuna mu'amala da kyawawan foda, galibi ƙasa da microns 10, kuma tsarin ɗaure ya zama mai mahimmanci. Ba wai kawai game da riƙe foda tare ba; game da yadda yake bi ta ƙofofi da masu gudu wanda zai iya zama kawai 0.15mm fadi. Mun taɓa yin aiki don ɓangaren na'urar tiyata ta amfani da bakin karfe 316L. Madaidaicin kayan abinci ba zai cika sashin sirara mai bango da dogaro ba. Dole ne mu yi aiki kafada da kafada tare da mai samar da kayan don tweak da rheology-fiye da daidaitawar abin ɗaure kakin zuma-polymer-don samun daidaito, kwararar laminar. Irin wannan ƙwaƙƙwaran kayan hannu ne ke raba ayyuka masu nasara da waɗanda suka gaza.
Debinding da sintering zama high-waya ayyuka. Tare da irin waɗannan ƙananan sassan giciye, haɗarin ɓarna ko raguwa a lokacin hawan zafi yana da girma. Bayanan zafin jiki a cikin tanderun yana buƙatar zama daidai sosai. Na tuna da wani batch na cobalt-chrome orthodontic brackets inda muka ga ƴan yin ovalization a cikin ramukan hawa bayan sintering. Mai laifi? Matsakaicin yawan zafin jiki mara daidaituwa a cikin shimfidar sashi akan tire mai ƙirƙira yana haifar da ƙananan bambance-bambance a cikin bayyanar zafi. Ya tilasta mana sake fasalin kayan aikin tire, ba sashi ba. Waɗannan cikakkun bayanai na tsarin na biyu ne ke cinye lokutan aikin injiniya.
Wannan shine inda gwaninta tare da gami na musamman, kamar abin da kuke gani daga na'ura mai ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ya zama dacewa. Sun kasance suna cikin yin simintin gyare-gyare da injina shekaru da yawa. Wannan zurfin ilimin abin duniya - yadda abubuwan da ke tushen nickel ko cobalt ke aiki a ƙarƙashin zafi da damuwa - yana fassara da mamaki lokacin da kuka matsa zuwa micro MIM tare da waɗancan gami. Ba canja wuri kai tsaye ba ne, amma ilhami na ƙarfe yana da kima. Kuna iya duba tsarinsu na amincin abin duniya a rukunin yanar gizon su, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Don ƙananan sassa, farawa da mai ba da kaya wanda ke samun tushen kimiyyar abu shine rabin yaƙi.
Kayan aiki: Inda Daidaitaccen Haɗuwa da Pragmatism
Mold shine komai. Don ƙananan sassa, kuna yawan amfani da ƙarfe na kayan aiki mai tauri ko ma abubuwan saka carbide tungsten. Wasan goge, ƙirar iska, tashoshi masu sanyaya - duk an aiwatar da su akan sikelin da ke buƙatar EDM da ƙwaƙƙwaran niƙa. Amma ga ciwon kai mai amfani: kulawa. Ƙarar ƙura, ɗan ƙaramin abin ɗaure mai carbonized a cikin ƙaramin rami, kuma yawan amfanin ku ya yi ƙasa. Mun aiwatar da tsarin tsaftacewa mai girma na ultrasonic don kayan aiki tsakanin gudu, wanda ke bayyana a fili, amma gano madaidaicin mita da mafita wanda ke tsaftacewa ba tare da lalata fuskar da aka goge ba shine tsarin gwaji-da-kuskure.
Wani darasi ya koyi hanya mai wuyar gaske: kada ku wuce gona da iri don amfanin sa. Tun da farko, mun ƙirƙira ƙirar rami da yawa tare da ramuka 64 don ƙaramin kaya. Manufar ita ce haɓaka fitarwa. Amma cika daidaito a cikin dukkan kogo ya kasance mafarki mai ban tsoro; ƴan bambancin tsayin mai gudu ya zama mahimmanci. Mun sake komawa zuwa ƙirar rami 16 tare da daidaitaccen tsarin gudu mai ma'ana. Abubuwan da aka samar da kowane kayan aiki ya kasance ƙasa da ƙasa, amma yawan amfanin ƙasa da daidaiton sashi sun harba, yana sa tattalin arzikin gabaɗaya ya fi kyau. Wani lokaci, a cikin micro MIM, ƙananan ya fi yawa.
Venting wani fasaha ne na dabara. Tare da irin waɗannan ƙananan juzu'in iskar da za a kaura, rashin isassun iska ba koyaushe yana haifar da gajeriyar harbi ba. Yana iya haifar da ƙaramar konewar abin ɗaure (ƙirƙirar lahani da ake iya gani kawai bayan ɓacin rai) ko ƴan alamun jinkirin da ke shafar ƙarewar saman. Mun fara amfani da abin da ake sakawa na ƙarfe mai ƙyalli don huɗawa a wurare masu mahimmanci, wanda shine mai canza wasa ga sassa masu hadaddun haƙarƙari.
Gadar zuwa Ayyukan Sakandare
Da wuya wani ɓangaren micro MIM ke fitowa daga jirgin ruwan da ke shirin jigilar kaya. Kusan koyaushe, akwai aikin sakandare. Wannan mahimmin batu ne sau da yawa ana raina shi a cikin tsara ayyuka. Kamfanin kamar QSY, tare da hadedde Injin CNC iyawa, yana da fa'ida ta musamman a nan. Ka yi tunanin wani ɓangaren micro MIM wanda ke buƙatar ƙugiya mai mahimmanci da ke riƙe da juriya na +/- 0.005mm, ko fuskar da ke buƙatar ƙarewa mai kyau. Tsarin sintiri kadai ba zai cimma hakan ba.
Muna da wani sashi don ƙaramin firikwensin inda ɓangaren sintered ya buƙaci ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun iya aiki. Ƙoƙarin cimma ta ta hanyar ɓata lokaci kaɗai ya haifar da ɗimbin ɗimbin tarkace. Maganin shine a ƙirƙira ɓangaren MIM tare da ƙaramin izinin injina akan wannan fuskar sannan a yi amfani da daidaitaccen tsari na micro-milling bayan-sintering. Samun gwanintar injina a cikin gida, kamar yadda QSY ke yi, yana daidaita wannan tattaunawar. Ƙungiyoyin MIM da machining za su iya yin haɗin gwiwa daga tsarin ƙira, yanke shawarar waɗanne fasalolin da za a yi ta hanyar MIM da kuma waɗanda za a gama ta hanyar injina, inganta farashi da daidaito.
Wannan haɗin gwiwa yana da mahimmanci. Yana guje wa nuna yatsa wanda zai iya faruwa lokacin da aka yi MIM a wani shago da machining daidai a wani. Bangaren ku ya gurɓace a lokacin sintering, don haka ba za mu iya ɗaukar haƙuri ba. A'a, injin injin ku yana yin damuwa da yawa. Haɗe-haɗe mai kaya yana yanke wannan amo. Don ƙima mai ƙima, madaidaicin madaidaicin ƙananan kayan aikin, wannan sarrafa ƙarshen zuwa ƙarshen ba abin alatu bane; larura ce.
Kasawar Duniya ta Haƙiƙa da Pivots
Ba kowane labari ne mai nasara ba, kuma waɗannan sune waɗanda kuke koya daga mafi yawansu. Mun taɓa nakalto kan aikin don hadadden tsarin micro-latch a cikin bakin bakin 17-4PH. Bangaren yana da katangar bakin ciki masu tsaka-tsaki da ƙaramin siffa mai raɗaɗi. Mun kasance m. Mun sami amincewa da samfurin, amma a cikin samar da matukin jirgi, yankin hinge ya nuna rashin ƙarfi. Tushen dalili? Binciko ɗaukar iskar oxygen yayin sintering, wanda ya ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun lissafi, siriri. Madaidaicin yanayi na sintering bai isa ba don wannan siffa ta musamman a wannan sikelin.
Gyaran yana da tsada: matsawa zuwa tanderun wuta tare da wani ɓangaren matsi na tsaftataccen hydrogen don takamaiman matakin karkatarwar. Ya kashe gefen aikin, amma ya ceci sashin. Yanzu, ga kowane ƙira tare da ƙwaƙƙwaran-bakin ciki, fasalulluka masu ɗaukar kaya, muna yin ƙarin ƙwaƙƙwaran bincike game da yanayin ɓacin rai da mu'amalarsa da takamaiman sinadarai na gami. Wurin bincike ne wanda aka ƙara zuwa jerin abubuwan dubawa na DFM (Design for Manufacturing) saboda wannan gazawar.
Wani gazawar da gaske kuskure ne. Abokin ciniki yana son micro MIM don sauƙi, ƙaramin fil. Siffar silinda ce ta asali. Mun yi shi, amma a bayan mutuwa, ya bayyana a sarari cewa microjuya ko ma daidaitaccen niƙa zai kasance mafi tsada-tasiri ga wancan lissafin. Ƙarfin Micro MIM yana da rikitarwa, ba kawai girman ba. Mun koyi turawa da yawa, don jagorantar abokan ciniki zuwa ga tsari mai kyau, koda kuwa yana nufin rasa ƙima. Yana gina dogara na dogon lokaci.
Neman Gaba: Tunanin Haɗin Kai
Ina wannan duka ya dosa? Na gaba, ina tsammanin, ya ta'allaka ne a cikin haɗin kai mai zurfi da ƙira mafi wayo. Muna ganin ƙarin sha'awar haɗa micro MIM tare da wasu fasahohin ƙirƙira ƙanƙara ko haɗuwa a cikin-mold. Amma harsashin ya kasance na kayan aiki da ƙwararrun tsari. Yana da game da samun cikakken hoto, daga foda zuwa gama, a haɗa sashi.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa samfurin na'ura mai haɗaka a tsaye yana da tursasawa. Kamfanin da ya fahimta zuba jari kuma harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa don girma, hadaddun sassa yana kawo cikakkiyar fahimtar kwararar ƙarfe da ƙarfafawa ga tebur. Lokacin kuma suna aiki a cikin micro MIM da daidaito Injin CNC, kamar ayyukan da QSY ta zayyana, za su iya ba da shawarar da gaske ga mafi kyawun tsari don wani ɓangaren da aka bayar. Shin wannan bangare ya fi dacewa da simintin saka hannun jari ko micro MIM? Samun damar duka biyu a ƙarƙashin rufin ɗaya yana nufin amsa ta hanyar cancantar fasaha ce ke jagorantar amsa, ba ta hanyar wane tsari guda ɗaya da shagon ke bayarwa ba.
Ga duk wanda ke nutsewa cikin gyare-gyaren ƙananan ƙarfe na ƙarfe, shawarar da ba a so ba ita ce: duba bayan na'ura da ƙirar. Dubi gaba dayan yanayin halittu - tallafin kimiyyar kayan aiki, ikon sarrafa na biyu, kuma mafi mahimmanci, tarihin warware matsalar ƙungiyar da kuke aiki da ita. Fasahar tana da ban mamaki, amma ita ce taruwa, gwaninta mai wahala a kusa da ita wanda ke juyar da ƙaramin yanki mai sanyi zuwa abin dogaro, abin da aka samar da yawa. Wannan shi ne niƙa a bayan ƙyalli.
