Lokacin da kuka ji N06625, ko Inconel 625 kamar yadda yawancin mutanen da ke kan shagon ke kiransa, abu na farko da ke zuwa a zuciya shi ne kawai 'high zafin jiki' ko 'lalata resistant'. Wannan shine tarkon gama gari. Ya fi haka nuanced da yawa. Na ga ayyuka sun tsaya cak saboda wani ya ayyana shi yana tunanin babban abu ne mai girman-daidai-duk ga wani abu mai tsauri. Ba haka ba. Ainihin labarin yana cikin halayensa yayin ƙirƙira da ƙayyadaddun yanayin sabis, ba kawai akan takaddar bayanan ba. Shaidan, kamar kullum, yana cikin cikakkun bayanai na ainihin aiki tare da shi.
Binciken Gaskiyar Ƙirƙira
Bari mu yi magana machining. Duk wanda ke tafiyar da lathe ko niƙa akan 625 ya san farkon 'oh, wannan ya yanke lafiya' jin da sauri yana ba da hanyar girmamawa. Yana aiki-hardens. Mai sauri. Idan ba ku sami ciyarwarku da saurinku kai tsaye daga wurin tafiya ba, ba kawai kuna sakawa ba; kana ƙirƙiro daɗaɗɗen ƙasa da ƙarfi ta yadda wucewa ta gaba ta zama mafarki mai ban tsoro. Na koyi wannan hanya mai wuya tun da wuri, ina ƙoƙarin ɗaukar haske na gamawa a kan bishiyar da aka juya kawai don samun skate na kayan aiki da ƙone saman. Bangaren ya zama guntu. Kuna buƙatar tsattsauran saiti, ingantaccen rake geometries, da kuma horo don ci gaba da aiki da kayan aiki da yanke, ba shafa ba. Coolant? Ambaliya shi. Ba don man shafawa ba har don cire zafi daga yankin da aka yanke don rage tasirin taurin.
Wannan shine inda haɗin gwiwa tare da shagon da ke da ainihin nisan mil akan waɗannan kayan yana haifar da bambanci. Na sake duba aiki daga wurare kamar Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.(QSY). Su dogon lokaci mayar da hankali a kan Injin CNC Alloys na musamman ba kawai alamar harsashi ba. Kuna iya ganin shi a cikin takaddun aikin su - suna shiga ƙayyadaddun dabarun hanyoyin kayan aiki don nickel tushen gami don sarrafa zafi da damuwa, wanda shine ainihin abin da 625 ke bukata. Fahimtar aiki ce da ta zo ta hanyar yin sassa, ba kawai faɗin su ba.
Sannan akwai walda. Lokacin laves. Wannan shine bogeyman ga masu walda 625. Shigar da zafi da yawa, ko majinin da bai dace ba, kuma kuna samun waɗannan mahadi masu ɓarna a cikin yankin walda. Na tuna bututun bututun jirgin ruwa inda waldar ta wuce duk abin gani da X-ray amma ya kasa a gwajin damuwa. Microanalysis ya nuna samuwar laves. Gyaran ba kawai canza sigogi ba ne; yana jujjuya zuwa karfen filler musamman daidaitacce don murkushe wannan samuwar, kamar 625 Plus. Ya kara tsada, amma shine bambanci tsakanin gyara da gazawar a filin. Wannan abu yana koya muku cewa cancantar hanya ba ƙa'ida ba ce; shi ne tushen mutunci.
Bayan Lalata: Ƙayyadaddun Ayyuka
Ee, yana da hazaka a cikin yanayin oxidizing. Amma aikinta na tauraro, a gani na, yana cikin juriya na chloride-ion stress-corrosion crack (SCC). Mun yi amfani da shi don brackish ruwa famfo shafts inda 316L zai fashe a cikin wani kakar. Amma ga nuance: wannan juriya ba ta da iyaka. Na ga pitting farawa a karkashin m, m yanayi inda chlorides mayar da hankali. Alloy ɗin ya yi tsayayya da tsagewar, amma har yanzu mun sami hari na gida. Darasi? Zaɓin kayan abu zaɓi ne na ƙirar tsarin. Har yanzu kuna buƙatar yin la'akari da kwarara, samun damar tsaftacewa, da haɗa shi tare da kayan rufewa daidai.
Ƙarfin zafinsa wani yanki ne na rashin fahimta. Mutane suna duban lambobi masu ƙarfi 1000°F+ kuma suna tunanin yana da sassa masu zafi a cikin injina. Yayin da ake amfani da shi a can, alkukinsa galibi shine yanki na tsakiya - ka ce, tsarin shaye-shaye ko kayan aikin zafi - inda kake buƙatar ƙarfin rarrafe mai kyau amma kuma juriya na iskar shaka. Abubuwan da ke cikin chromium suna samar da tsayayye, sikelin kariya. Mun yi amfani da shi don tubes masu haskakawa a cikin tanderun da aka yi amfani da su. Sun wuce abin da ya gabata da ninki uku, ba don sun fi ƙarfin zafin jiki ba, amma saboda ba su yi girma ba kuma ba su ƙasƙanta ba. Yanayin gazawar ya canza daga raguwar bango a hankali zuwa fashewar gajiyar zafin rana bayan ƙarin sabis na shekaru.
Wannan yana haɗa baya zuwa gefen tushe. Halayen simintin gyare-gyare na N06625 su… na musamman. Yana da sauƙi ga microporosity da rarrabuwa idan ba'a iya sarrafa yanayin zafi da ƙura ba. Shagon da ke yin aikin zuba jari ko harsashi mold simintin gyaran kafa tare da wannan gami da nasara ba kawai zuba karfe ba; suna sarrafa wasan kwaikwayo na thermal daga tanderu zuwa shakeout. The QSY website ya ambaci aikin su da musamman gami, wanda a fakaice ya haɗa da wannan matakin sarrafa tsari. Lokacin da kake samo kayan aikin simintin 625, da gaske kuna siyan ƙa'idar thermal ƙwaƙƙwarar tushen tushe.
Sarkar Supply and Formability Quirk
Samun daidaitaccen mashaya ko faranti 625 ya fi sauƙi yanzu fiye da shekaru goma da suka gabata, amma dole ne ku kalli cert ɗin niƙa kamar shaho. Ba wai kawai ga ilimin kimiya ba, amma don aiki mai zafi da tarihin annealing. Mun taɓa karɓar faranti wanda ya haɗu da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na AMS da ASTM akan takarda amma ya nuna bambancin daji a cikin injina tsawonsa. Bincike ya nuna rashin daidaito na ƙarshe a injin niƙa, yana barin wasu wurare tare da ƙaƙƙarfan tsari, ƙarancin ductile. Niƙa ya yi daidai, amma ya kashe mu mako guda na raguwa. Yanzu, ba mu ƙididdige ma'auni kawai ba, amma sau da yawa takamaiman hanyar sarrafawa ko ma fitaccen mai samarwa don aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci.
Samar da shi sanyi bear ne. Yana da high springback. Idan kuna lanƙwasa shi, kuna jujjuya shi akan kayan aikin kuma kuna fatan ya dawo kan ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Don hadaddun sifofi, zafi kafa sau da yawa shine kawai hanya mai hankali. Mun ƙirƙira wasu ɓangarorin faɗaɗa na al'ada daga sirara. Ƙoƙari na farko ya yi sanyi-mai aiki da kayan sosai har ya rasa ductility kuma ya fashe yayin gwajin ruwa. Maganin shine ya samar a kusa da 1200F, wanda ke buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman da sarrafa yanayi don hana yawan iskar oxygen. Wani lamari ne na al'ada na kayan da ke ba da umarni gabaɗayan hanyar masana'anta.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa samfurin cikakken sabis na wasu masu kaya yana da mahimmanci. Idan tushen guda ɗaya, kamar wanda aka ambata QSY, iya rike da zuba jari don ƙirƙirar siffar kusa-net sannan a bi ta tare da daidai Injin CNC a kan gami guda ɗaya, suna kawar da yawancin kulawa, cancanta, da haɗarin ganowa. Ba kuna aika da ɗanyen simintin gyare-gyare zuwa kantin injin da ƙila ba zai fahimci rashin fahimta ba. Ilimin ya tsaya a cikin yanayi guda ɗaya.
Farashin vs. Ƙimar: Ƙididdigar Gaskiya
Bari mu yi shiru: N06625 yana da tsada. Abubuwan nickel da niobium suna ganin hakan. Tabbatacce ba ta taɓa fitowa daga kasancewa 'da kyau a samu' ko 'daraja' ba. Ya fito ne daga jimlar ƙididdiga na ƙimar mallaka wanda ya haɗa da lokacin raguwa, aikin maye gurbin, da abubuwan aminci. Mun maye gurbin carbon karfe quench tank agitator shaft tare da wanda aka yi daga 625. Karfe wanda ya kasance tsawon watanni 8 a cikin caustic, yanayin da ke dauke da chloride. Shaft 625 har yanzu yana aiki bayan shekaru 7. Farashin gaba shine 5x, amma nisantar rufewar biyar don maye gurbin shi ya biya kansa a cikin watanni 18. Ƙimar tana cikin sabis mara iyaka, ba alamar farashin farko ba.
Koyaya, dole ne ku kiyaye yawan aikace-aikacen. Ba koyaushe ne amsar ba. Don yanayi mai laushi mai lalacewa inda 2205 duplex bakin karfe zai wadatar, amfani da 625 kuskure ne na tattalin arziki da kuma wani lokacin fasaha. Duplex yana da ƙarfi mafi girma, don haka kuna iya amfani da ƙasa da shi, kuma sau da yawa yana da sauƙin walda. Zaɓin yana buƙatar bita mai ƙima game da ainihin bayyanar sinadarai, yanayin zafi, damuwa, da tsawon rayuwar da ake so. Na kasance wani ɓangare na zaman aikin injiniya mai ƙima inda muka sami nasarar yin jayayya don rage darajar daga 625 zuwa babban duplex, ceton 30% akan farashin kayan ba tare da asarar aiki ga takamaiman yanayin ba.
Wannan da'ira baya ga gwaninta na masana'anta. Aboki nagari ba wai kawai ya ce 'e' ga takamaiman kayan aiki ba. Suna tambayar shi. Za su iya kallon zane don sashi na 625 kuma su tambayi, 'Menene yake gani? Shin kun yi la'akari da alloy X don wannan sashin?' Wannan tattaunawar, wanda aka haife shi daga gwaninta na hannu tare da nasarori da gazawar waɗannan kayan, shine inda ainihin injiniya ke faruwa. Bambanci ne tsakanin siyan karfe da samar da mafita.
Kammalawa Ba tare da sunkuyar dakai ba
Kuma N06625. Dokin aiki ne, amma mai zafin rai. Kimarta ba ta cikinsa; ana gane shi ta hanyar ƙayyadaddun ƙirƙira, ƙirƙira bayanai da aikace-aikace daidai. Takaddun bayanan suna ba ku iyakoki, amma sanin yadda yake motsawa ƙarƙashin kayan aiki, yadda yake gudana a cikin wani tsari, yadda yake amsawa a ƙarƙashin fitila - wannan shine sana'ar. Wannan shine ke raba bangaren aiki da abin dogaro.
Lokacin da kake kallon masu kaya, wannan sana'ar ita ce ma'auni mai mahimmanci. Shin za su iya tattauna ƙalubalen zafin tsaka-tsaki akan walda mai wucewa da yawa? Shin suna da hanyar da aka rubuta don rage ƙarfin aiki yayin injina? Don abubuwan da suka haɗa da simintin gyare-gyare, shin suna nuna iko a kan duk zagaye na narke-zuba-ƙarfafa? Waɗannan su ne alamun cancanta.
A ƙarshe, yin aiki tare da wannan gami shine ci gaba da ilmantarwa. Kowane aikin yana ƙara ma'anar bayanai. Gudun nasara yana koya muku abin da ke aiki. Rashin gazawa, sau da yawa malami mafi ƙarfi, yana nuna maka inda iyakokin ɓoye suke. Manufar ita ce gina wannan ɗakin karatu na ciki na gwaninta, don haka lokacin da N06625 ya zo a kan tebur, hukuncin ku game da yadda ake aiwatarwa da kuma amfani da shi ya zama dan kadan, mafi mahimmanci, kuma mafi tasiri. Wannan shine ainihin asalin ƙwararru tare da wannan kayan.
