Koj pom ASTM A747 tuaj rau ntawm daim duab lossis daim ntawv qhia tshwj xeeb, thiab ntau tus neeg tam sim ntawd ntim nws nrog rau lwm cov nag lossis daus-nyuaj stainless qib. Qhov ntawd yog thawj qhov yuam kev. Nws tsis yog ib qho '17-4PH lwm txoj' lossis ib qho 'stainless casting' callout. Lub nuance yog nyob rau hauv 'CB' thiab 'CX' designations-CB7Cu-1 thiab CB7Cu-2. Lub 'Cu' yog qhov pub dawb. Qhov tooj liab ntxiv yog dab tsi ua rau nws coj txawv txawv thaum kho cua sov, thiab hais ncaj ncees, nws yog qhov chaw ntau qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab lub khw muag khoom tau nce siab yog tias lawv tsis tau hu rau hauv. Nws yog ib yam khoom uas xav tau kev hwm rau nws cov txheej txheem, tsis yog nws cov khoom kawg nkaus xwb.
Lub Foundry Floor Reality nrog A747
Casting CB7Cu qib tsis zoo li nchuav 304 lossis txawm 17-4. Lub fluidity yog txawv, cov yam ntxwv shrinkage yog ntau pronounced. Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj nrog koj lub rooj vag thiab nce. Thaum ntxov, peb muaj ib pawg ntawm kev nqis peev cam khwb cia lub cev - nyuaj, nyias-section khoom - uas ua rau pom micro-porosity nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm X-ray. Peb tau siv txoj hauv kev pub mis uas ua haujlwm rau 316. Nws ua tsis tau zoo ntawm no. Qhov teeb meem tsis huv; nws yog solidification tswj. Peb yuav tsum rov tsim kho tag nrho cov txheej txheem pub mis, ntxiv ntau dua, tab sis me dua, risers nyob rau hauv cov chaw tshwj xeeb los txhawb kev taw qhia kom muaj zog ntau dua. Qhov ntawd daws nws, tab sis nws ntxiv tus nqi thiab complexity. Qhov ntawd yog kev sib pauv nrog ASTM A747 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb.
Lwm qhov tseeb yog kev kho cua sov sib cuam tshuam. Koj tsis tuaj yeem cais cov txheej txheem casting los ntawm cov tshuaj tom ntej annealing thiab aging. Qhov zoo li-cam khwb cia yog qhov tseem ceeb tshuaj kho yog tias koj txias nws sai txaus los ntawm cov pwm, tab sis koj tseem xav tau cov kev daws teeb meem anneal kom yaj txhua yam rov qab rau hauv. Yog tias koj cov nqi cua txias hauv lub plhaub los yog pwm tsis sib haum, koj yuav muaj precipitates twb tsim unevenly. Tom qab ntawd, koj cov tshuaj tom qab anneal yuav tsis tag nrho homogenize tus qauv. Peb tau kawm los taug qab cov nqi cua txias ntawm cov qauv castings nrog cov thermocouples. Nws zoo li overkill thaum lub sijhawm, tab sis nws tau muab cov ntaub ntawv rau peb los ua qauv peb lub sijhawm co-tawm thiab cov txheej txheem txias, uas ua rau qhov kawg kev kho cua sov tuaj yeem kwv yees ntau dua.
Thiab machining? Nws yog ib tug dais nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj-annealed mob-gummy, stringy, thiab nws ua hauj lwm-hardens zoo li vwm. Koj kiag li xav tshuab nws nyob rau hauv qhov kawg aged mob. Tab sis koj yuav tsum suav rau qhov loj me ntawm kev laus. Nws tsis yog loj heev, tab sis ntawm qhov chaw nrog nruj tolerances thoob plaws ntau lub dav hlau, nws txaus los khawb ib feem. Peb tsim nyob rau hauv pre-aging ntxhib machining kauj ruam, tawm li 0.5mm ib sab, ces muaj hnub nyoog, ces tiav tshuab. Sim ntaus ± 0.025mm bore kam rau ua los ntawm machining pre-hnub nyoog thiab vam tias nws tsis txav yog ib tug neeg ruam txoj hauj lwm. kuv twb yog tus ruam lawm. Cov nplooj ntawv cov ntaub ntawv muab ib coefficient rau koj, tab sis qhov tseeb txav nyob ntawm ib feem geometry-thick sections vs. nyias webs. Nws yog kev paub txog kev paub.
CX vs. CB: Lub Corrosion Trade-Off
Cov spec suav nrog CB7Cu-1 thiab CB7Cu-2. Qhov kev txawj ntse yog tias CX (CB7Cu-2) muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo dua vim muaj chromium ntau dua. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseeb, dav dav. Tab sis zoo dua yog txheeb ze. Yog tias koj xav tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion kuj, tej zaum koj yuav tsum tsis txhob saib nag lossis daus-hardening stainless hauv thawj qhov chaw. Tus nqi ntawm ASTM A747 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb yog nws qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo corrosion nrog lub zog siab heev los ntawm kev kho cua sov uas yooj yim, tsis tshua muaj kev sib txawv.
Peb muab cov khoom siv ntawm CB7Cu-1 (qhov ntau dua, qis-corrosion version) twj tso kua mis impellers rau daim ntawv thov dej brackish. Tus neeg siv tau pib hais rau qib CX, hais txog cov lus tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntxhuav. Tom qab tshuaj xyuas qhov chaw pabcuam tiag tiag - tsis tu ncua, qee zaus stagnation, chlorides nyob ib ncig ntawm 1000 ppm - peb tau sib cav rau CB. Lub laj thawj yog lub zog. Cov impellers tau raug siab centrifugal kev nyuaj siab thiab cavitation yaig. Lub marginally zoo corrosion kuj ntawm CX tsis yog qhov txwv; lub zog txhua yam thiab ua rau qaug zog los ntawm cavitation npuas yog. CB7Cu-1, hnub nyoog rau H900 mob, muab lub zog ntau dua. Peb khiav daim coupon corrosion nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig simulated rau 30 hnub. CB qhov chaw tau pom me ntsis, zoo ib yam etching, tsis muaj pitting. Nws dhau lawm. Cov neeg tau txais kev cawmdim ntawm cov nqi khoom siv, thiab peb zam qhov ua tsis tau zoo ntawm kev qaug zog. Nws yog hais txog kev sib piv cov cuab yeej rau hom tsis ua haujlwm tiag tiag, tsis yog xaiv tus lej siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Qhov no yog qhov uas tus khub nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib sib zog nqus tseem ceeb. Ib lub khw uas tsuas yog txiav cov hlau yuav pom ob qib raws li kev hloov pauv ib sab ntawm chemistry. Lawv tsis yog. Cov lus teb kho cua sov sib txawv me ntsis, kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, thiab lub hnab ntawv ua haujlwm kawg yog qhov txawv. Ntawm Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nrog lawv peb lub xyoo caum hauv casting thiab machining tshwj xeeb alloys, qhov no yog hom kev txiav txim hu uas tshwm sim txhua hnub. Nws tsis yog hais txog muaj daim ntawv spec; nws yog hais txog muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm los ntawm qhov zoo sib xws los qhia txog kev xaiv ntawm CB thiab CX.
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Tsis Zoo: Thaum Cov Castings Zoo Los Phem
Cov lus qhia feem ntau yog los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav. Peb muaj ib pawg ntawm cov qauv kev sib tw, nrum hauv CB7Cu-1, uas dhau tag nrho NDT thiab kev ntsuas tshuab tab sis ua tsis tiav hauv kev pabcuam tom qab txog rau lub hlis nrog cov pob txha tawg. Classic qaug zog tawg pib thiab propagation. Tus neeg ua txhaum? Nto tiav nyob rau hauv ib lub vojvoog. Daim duab hu ua 3mm fillet, tab sis qhov zoo li-cam khwb cia hauv qhov fillet yog ntxhib - tej zaum Ra 12.5 microns lossis ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv ib tug high-lub zog, high-hardness khoom zoo li cov laus ASTM A747 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb, deg imperfections yog lub zog muaj zog concentrators. Ib feem tau ntsib cov ntawv luam tawm, tab sis qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm rau txoj kev nyuaj siab-khiav tsis tau raws li.
Peb hloov peb qhov kev coj ua tom qab ntawd. Tam sim no, rau ib qho A747 ib feem ntawm kev thauj khoom cyclic, peb qhia meej lub tshuab ua tiav (Ra 3.2 lossis zoo dua) ntawm txhua qhov tseem ceeb radii thiab kev hloov pauv, txawm tias cov ntawv luam tawm tsis qhia meej. Peb mam li hais nws raws li qhov tsim nyog ua haujlwm thib ob. Qee zaum tus engineer thawb rov qab rau tus nqi, thiab peb qhia lawv cov duab macro ntawm lub hauv paus tawg. Qhov ntawd feem ntau xaus qhov kev sib tham. Lub zog siab ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm tawm tsam koj yog tias koj tawm ntawm kev ntxhov siab.
Lwm hom kev ua tsis tiav yog hydrogen embrittlement. Qhov no tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau A747, tab sis vim tias nws tau siv ntau zaus hauv cov ntawv thov muaj zog, qhov kev pheej hmoo tau nce siab. Peb ntsib qhov no ntawm ib feem uas yuav tsum tau plating rau hnav tsis kam. Cov txheej txheem plating tau qhia txog hydrogen, thiab tom qab qhov kub thiab txias ci rau hydrogen nyem tsis txaus rau qhov tshwj xeeb hardness (HRC 45) peb muaj. Cov khoom dhau QC tab sis ua tsis tiav hauv kev thauj khoom hauv kev sib dhos. Qhov kev kho yog ntev dua, kub dua lub voj voog ci, tau lees paub los ntawm kev ntsuas kev thauj mus los ntawm cov qauv. Nws ntxiv ib kauj ruam, tab sis nws tsis yog-negotiable. Tus spec tej zaum yuav tsis nthuav dav qhov no rau txhua qhov ua tau tom qab ua tiav, yog li koj yuav tsum paub qhov kev sib cuam tshuam.
Machining thiab Finishing Nuances
Cia peb tham txog kev tau txais los ntawm raw khoom mus rau qhov ua tiav. Raws li kuv tau hais, machining post-aging yog tib txoj kev zoo. Siv ceramic lossis CBN inserts rau kev ua tiav; carbide ua haujlwm tab sis hnav sai dua vim qhov abrasiveness ntawm cov qauv hardened. Coolant yog qhov tseem ceeb - dej nyab nws. Koj yuav tsum nqa cov cua sov mus, tsis yog lubricate xwb. Peb tau muaj kev vam meej nrog lub tshuab ua kom txias txias rau qhov sib sib zog nqus qhov drilling hauv cov qib no, tiv thaiv chip vuam thiab ua hauj lwm hardening nyob rau hauv lub bore.
Kev sib tsoo thiab EDM yog qhov kev sib tw thib ob. Kev sib tsoo yuav tsum muaj lub log mos thiab lub teeb hla kom tsis txhob hlawv. Qhov kub hnyiab ntawm qhov A747 tuaj yeem tsim ib qho chaw hauv cheeb tsam overtempered uas yog qhov chaw tsis muaj zog. Rau EDM, txheej txheej rov qab yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj, nkig, thiab feem ntau micro-cracked. Nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, feem ntau yog los ntawm lub teeb abrasive ntws los yog tes polishing, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qaug zog-tseem ceeb. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog EDM thiab hu nws ua tiav. Kuv tau pom qhov chaw uas EDM recast txheej tsis raug tshem tawm, thiab nws tau ua raws li qhov chaw pib rau kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg hauv ib puag ncig chloride. Ib feem zoo nkaus li zoo kawg nkaus tab sis tau tsim muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Qhov kev muaj peev xwm sib xyaw ua ke no - los ntawm lub plhaub lossis peev casting los ntawm CNC machining precision thiab paub tom qab ua tiav - yog dab tsi cais cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov chaw muab kev daws teeb meem. Ib lub tuam txhab zoo li QSY, uas tuav txhua yam los ntawm cov yaj ncuav mus rau qhov kawg deburring nyob rau hauv ib lub ru tsev, muaj ib tug loj kom zoo dua nrog cov khoom zoo li no. Lawv tuaj yeem tswj hwm qhov sib txawv thiab taug qab cov txheej txheem cov kauj ruam, nkag siab tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntsuas cua txias yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau kev ua haujlwm ob txoj haujlwm hauv kab. Koj poob cov xov ntawd thaum koj xa cov khoom nyoos mus rau peb tus neeg muag khoom sib txawv.
Vim Li Cas Nws Nyob Hauv Cov Ntawv Spec
Yog li nrog tag nrho cov complexities, yog vim li cas ASTM A747 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb pheej? Vim hais tias thaum koj xav tau ib tug casting uas yuav tsum tau kho cua sov rau 1300 MPa yield zog nrog tsawg distortion, muaj dlej corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv ntau industrial cheeb tsam, thiab yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv complex geometries, cov kev xaiv yog txwv. Koj tuaj yeem mus rau lub maraging steel, tab sis tom qab ntawd corrosion kuj poob. Koj tuaj yeem siv duplex stainless hlau, tab sis koj yuav tsis tau txais qib ntawd. Koj tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov khoom lag luam bar, tab sis koj poob kev ywj pheej tsim thiab feem ntau raug nqi ntau dua los ntawm cov khoom siv khib nyiab.
Nws yog ib qho niche, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb. Xav txog aerospace actuators, kev ua haujlwm siab valve Cheebtsam, twj tso kua mis hauv lub zog, thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Nws tsis yog cov khoom lag luam loj. Nws tus nqi yog nyob rau hauv nws tailored zog. Tus yuam sij rau leej twg ua hauj lwm nrog nws yog kom tsis txhob xav tias nws yog ib tug stainless hlau xwb. Xav tias nws yog ib qho system: ib qho tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb, kev tswj xyuas nruj nreem, cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov tsis tuaj yeem sib tham, thiab cov txheej txheem machining & tiav cov tswv yim tsim los rau cov alloys muaj zog. Nco ib qhov txuas, thiab cov saw tsis tau.
Thaum kawg, kev vam meej nrog A747 los ntawm kev hwm rau cov txheej txheem. Nws tsis yog cov khoom koj tuaj yeem tis. Koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv, koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, thiab koj xav tau cov neeg koom tes uas tau dhau los ntawm kev rov ua dua-qhov zoo casts thiab qhov phem-kom paub tias qhov chaw nkaum qhov twg. Qhov ntawd yog tus nqi tiag tiag ntawm cov khoom siv: tsis yog tus nqi ntawm ib kilogram ntawm cov alloy, tab sis kev nqis peev hauv cov txheej txheem kev paub ua kom nws ua tau raws li kev tshaj tawm.
