Thaum tib neeg hnov 'casting hlau', lawv feem ntau pom ib qho kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov hlau molten. Qhov tseeb yog deb messier thiab ntau nuanced. Nws yog cov txheej txheem uas txhais tau ntau npaum li qhov tsis ua haujlwm nyob ntsiag to - qhov tsis zoo, qhov txias kaw, kev suav nrog koj tsuas pom tom qab machining - raws li kev ua tiav castings. Tau siv ntau xyoo nyob ib ncig ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, Kuv tau pom qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem cov duab kos thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov xim av. Qhov no tsis yog hais txog kev xav zoo tag nrho; Nws yog hais txog kev tswj cov cua sov, chemistry, thiab ib puas qhov sib txawv kom coax hlau rau hauv cov duab zoo.
Pib nrog Pwm: Ntau tshaj qhov tsuas yog kab noj hniav
Txhua yam hinges rau pwm. Tau qhov no tsis yog lawm, thiab koj tsuas yog nchuav hlau kim rau hauv qhov zoo nkauj av. Rau qhov nyuaj, siab ncaj ncees, kev lag luam feem ntau leans mus rau peev casting los yog plhaub molding. Qhov kev xaiv tsis yog arbitrary. Kuv nco qab ib pawg ntawm cov twj tso kua mis uas peb siv lub plhaub molding rau nws qhov chaw zoo thiab qhov ruaj khov, tab sis peb yuav tsum ua siab ntev nrog lub rooj vag tsim kom tsis txhob muaj kev kub ntxhov. Cov pwm tsis yog ib lub thawv passive; Nws yog tus tswj xyuas thermal thiab tus tswj xyuas geometry.
Kev nqis peev casting, txheej txheem 'poob ciab', yog lwm yam tsiaj nyaum. Cov ntsiab lus koj tuaj yeem ua tiav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws-xav tias turbine hniav nrog cov cua txias sab hauv. Tab sis tus qauv siv quav ciab nws tus kheej yog khoom siv tes ua. Yog tias qhov kub hnyiab tau tawm los ntawm ob peb degrees, koj qhia txog kev ntxhov siab uas yuav tsis tshwm sim kom txog thaum lub plhaub ceramic raug rho tawm haujlwm, ua rau lub plhaub raug nqi. Nws yog ib txoj saw ntawm kev vam meej. Ib lub tuam txhab xws li Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), nrog lawv peb lub xyoo caum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no, muaj peev xwm kub hnyiab tau los ntawm ntau txhiab tus qauv siv quav ciab hu rau hauv cov kev txwv rau cov hlau sib txawv. Qhov ntawd yog kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm uas koj ua tsis tau Google.
Tom qab ntawd muaj cov khoom pwm sib cuam tshuam. Pouring stainless hlau rau hauv silica xuab zeb pwm? Tej zaum koj yuav tau txais cov duab zoo, tab sis qhov saum npoo yuav ntxhib, nws nkag mus. Rau cov qib siab dua, koj xav tau zircon xuab zeb lossis ceramic ntsej muag. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov nqi-vs-kev ua tau zoo uas tshwm sim hauv pem teb. Kev xaiv pwm ncaj qha dictates cov haujlwm tom qab casting. Cov pwm tsis zoo txhais tau tias sib tsoo ntau dua, ntau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, ntau tus nqi noj rau hauv koj cov paj.
Lub Pour: Qhov twg Physics coj dhau
Lub sijhawm no yog qhov tseeb. Alloy kub yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis nws tsis yog hais txog kev ntaus tus lej ntawm lub pyrometer. Muaj qhov 'kais kub' los ntawm lub cub tawg thiab 'kub kub' rau hauv pwm. Qhov poob tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ntu nyias. Kuv twb pom nchuav rau cobalt-based alloys qhov twg lub qhov rais yog incredibly nqaim - kub heev thiab koj erode lub pwm, txias heev thiab cov hlau yuav tsis sau cov ntsiab lus intricate. Koj tsim kev nkag siab rau nws, txoj kev cov hlau ntws thiab nws qhov ci ntsa iab.
Rooj vag thiab nce siab yog tus neeg tsis pom zoo (los yog neeg phem). Nws tsis yog tsuas yog tau txais hlau hauv; Nws yog hais txog pub lub solidification shrinkage. Ib qho classic rookie yuam kev yog tso lub riser qhov twg nws zoo nkaus li zoo tab sis tsis tsim txoj hauv kev kom muaj zog. Qhov tshwm sim? Shrinkage porosity tob rau hauv lub casting, ib qho tsis xws luag uas tsuas yog qhia nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv X-ray los yog thaum lub sij hawm ntsuas siab. Peb kawm qhov no txoj kev nyuaj ntawm lub valve lub cev cam khwb cia nyob rau hauv duplex stainless hlau. Zoo nkauj nyob rau sab nraud, tab sis tus neeg siv khoom qhov kev sim siab ua tsis tiav. Lub riser me me dhau, deb dhau. Tag nrho cov khoom poob thiab lub sijhawm machining.
Cov huab cua thaum lub sij hawm ncuav yog lwm txheej. Rau qee cov alloys, zoo li qee cov nickel-based ones, txawm tias me ntsis raug rau oxygen thaum molten tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem oxides. Qhov ntawd yog qhov chaw tswj hwm lossis kev tiv thaiv fluxes tuaj.
Khoom yog txhua yam (Thiab tsis muaj dab tsi tsis muaj txheej txheem)
Koj muaj peev xwm qhia kom meej qib zoo meej nrum hlau lub 316 stainless hlau, tab sis lub foundry txoj kev xyaum txiav txim siab yam koj tau txais tiag tiag. Melt chemistry tswj yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ib qho yooj yim xws li magnesium fade nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hlau tuaj yeem tig ib qho tawv, nodular hlau rau hauv cov qauv tsis muaj zog, flakey yog tias koj tuav lub ladle ntev dhau. Koj xav tau ceev, txhim khu kev qha spectrograph tsom rau hauv pem teb.
Ua haujlwm nrog tshwj xeeb alloys zoo li cov tsev neeg nickel lossis cobalt-based yog ib pab koomtes sib txawv. Lawv feem ntau lub tshuab nqus tsev melted los yog ua tiav nrog kev saib xyuas hnyav los tswj cov kab mob. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw yog siab heev uas cov khoom seem casting yog ib qho kev ntaus loj. Cov npoo ntawm qhov yuam kev shrinks yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi. Cov alloys no raug xaiv rau qhov chaw huab cua - qhov kub thiab txias, siab corrosion - yog li txhua yam kev puas tsuaj sab hauv yog qhov muaj peev xwm ua tsis tiav. Cov txheej txheem casting rau cov no tsis yog shaping xwb; nws yog metallurgical stewardship.
Qhov no yog qhov uas tus foundry lub neej ntev qhia tau hais tias. Ib lub tuam txhab uas tau ua haujlwm rau ntau dua 30 xyoo, zoo li QSY, tau suav tias tau nchuav cov roob ntawm cov hlau thiab ntsib txhua yam txawv txawv hauv phau ntawv. Qhov kev paub ntawd txhais ncaj qha rau hauv cov txheej txheem tswj hwm rau cov tsev neeg sib txawv, txawm tias nws yog ferrite-austenite tshuav nyiaj li cas hauv cov cam khwb cia duplex stainless lossis carbide faib hauv cov hlau cobalt. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav lawv txoj hauv kev rau cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws ntawm lawv qhov chaw ntawm https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Tom qab: Ntxuav, kuaj, thiab ntsib qhov tseeb
Thaum lub casting tau txias, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tiag tiag pib. Lub shakeout, txiav tawm lub rooj vag thiab risers - nws yog kev ua phem heev. Tab sis ntawm no, koj tau txais koj thawj qhov tiag tiag. Sand inclusions, nto kua muag, pom tseeb misruns. Nws yog kev kuaj mob plab. Kev kuaj tsis yog kev puas tsuaj (NDT) yog koj tus phooj ywg ntawm no. Dye penetrant rau nto tawg, kuaj radiographic rau sab hauv voids. Txhua txheej txheem casting muaj nws cov npe tsis xws luag. Hauv kev nqis peev casting, nws yuav yog lub plhaub tawg; Hauv cov xuab zeb casting, nws tuaj yeem yog cov xuab zeb suav nrog.
Kuv nco qab txog ib pawg ntawm cov peev txheej-cam khwb cia rau kev lag luam khoom noj uas cov dye penetrant khaws cia pom cov kab faint. Lawv tsis yog tawg, tab sis 'veining' los ntawm lub plhaub ceramic. Nws yog qhov teeb meem tshuaj pleev ib ce uas tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm, tab sis tus neeg siv khoom tshwj xeeb yog nruj. Peb yuav tsum tau kho lub plhaub slurry formulation - ib tug tweak rau refractory hmoov particle loj tis - kom tshem tawm nws. Nws yog theem ntawm obsessive nthuav dav.
Cov pov thawj feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv machining. Qhov ntawd yog tus txiav txim zaum kawg. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj qhov nrum uas hla tag nrho NDT, tab sis thaum lub tshuab CNC lub cuab yeej tsoo qhov chaw nyuaj - qhov chaw txias lossis qhov kev npaj txhij txog - tag nrho cov khoom tuaj yeem yog khib nyiab. Qhov no yog vim li cas cov chaw sib xyaw ua ke uas ua haujlwm rau ob qho tib si casting hlau thiab CNC machining muaj qhov zoo. Lub voj kev tawm tswv yim luv luv. Cov machinists tuaj yeem qhia qhov chaw tsim khoom raws nraim qhov lawv pom, thiab kev hloov kho tuaj yeem ua rau cov cua sov tom ntej. Nws rhuav tshem cov phab ntsa ntawm casting thiab xov.
Yog vim li cas txhua yam los rau Iteration thiab Trust
Koj tsis paub casting hlau los ntawm phau ntawv qhia. Koj kawm los ntawm cov pas dej ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab. Txhua qhov tshiab geometry, txhua qib tshiab alloy, yog qhov tshiab puzzle. Thawj tsab xov xwm tsis tshua zoo tag nrho. Muaj ib lub voj voog ntawm cov qauv, ntsuas, hloov kho qhov rooj, tweak lub ncuav temp, thiab sim dua. Qhov kev rov ua dua no, qee zaum ntxhov siab, txheej txheem yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Tias yog vim li cas kev koom tes nrog lub foundry tsis yog tsuas yog yuav ib qho kev pabcuam; nws yog yuav lawv cov khoom sib tw thiab yuam kev. Thaum lub tuam txhab teev cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem-plhaub pwm, peev casting, machining-thiab ntau yam khoom siv los ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia rau cov alloys tshwj xeeb, lawv tsis yog cov kev pabcuam nkaus xwb. Lawv tab tom taw qhia lub peev xwm los taug qab txoj kab no tag nrho. Nws yog hais txog kev muaj kev paub txog metallurgical los xaiv cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv thiab daim ntawv thov, thiab cov txuj ci tsim nyog los ua kom nws tsis tu ncua.
Thaum kawg, kev ua tiav hlau casting yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib sib zog nqus thiab kev siv tes ua, yuav luag intuitive, khw hauv pem teb xyaum. Nws yog hais txog kev hwm lub physics, kawm los ntawm txhua qhov yuam kev, thiab nkag siab tias cov pwm, hlau, thiab cov txheej txheem yog inextricably txuas. Lub hom phiaj tsis yog lub ncuav zoo tshaj plaws txhua lub sijhawm - uas yog kev npau suav - tab sis kev tswj hwm, kev kwv yees qhov kev hloov pauv tau nkag siab thiab tswj hwm. Qhov ntawd yog qhov hloov lub tswv yim hauv CAD cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv ib qho kev txhim khu kev qha, ua haujlwm hlau.
