Anthu ambiri akamva 'zigawo zazitsulo zotayira' amajambula chinthu cholimba, cholemera, komanso chowonadi, chachikale. Ndilo lingaliro lolakwika loyamba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti, m'mafakitale apadera, palibe chomwe chimagwirizana ndi kugwedezeka kwa kugwedezeka ndi kuvala kukana kwa makina opangidwa bwino. zida zachitsulo. Chinyengo sichimasankha chitsulo chonyezimira, koma kudziwa nthawi ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Ndawonapo mapulojekiti ambiri osasinthika kukhala chitsulo kapena chitsulo cha ductile chifukwa chakuti mainjiniya samadziwa zamitundu yotuwa kapena chitsulo cha chitsulo cha gearing. Si njira yothetsera chinthu chimodzi, ndipo kulakwitsa kumatanthauza kulephera msanga, phokoso, ndi kutsika mtengo.
Kusankha Zinthu Zakuthupi Sikuti Ndi Mphamvu Yokha
Tiyeni tikambirane masukulu. Iron imvi, monga Class 30 kapena 35, ili ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera yomwe ndatchulayo. Ndizosangalatsa kuchepetsa kumveka kwa magiya pamakina akulu, othamanga pang'onopang'ono - lingalirani zida zamigodi kapena zonyamula katundu zolemera. Koma simungangotenga chojambula chachitsulo ndikuchitsanulira muchitsulo chotuwa. Kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kukana kwamphamvu ndizotsika. Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yopangira makina owumitsira mapepala. Mapangidwe oyambilira achitsulo chotuwira chocheperako adapitilira kupanga ming'alu yaying'ono pamizu ya dzino patatha miyezi ingapo yotsegula. Kupsinjika maganizo kunali kupha.
Ndipamene chitsulo cha ductile (nodular iron) chimalowera. Maphunziro monga 65-45-12 kapena 80-55-06 amapereka kusakanikirana kwabwinoko kwa mphamvu ndi kunyowa. Zimagwira ntchito ngati chitsulo koma zimasunganso zina mwazitsulo zabwinozo. Tidasintha zida za mpheroyo kukhala chitsulo chachitsulo chokhala ndi matrix a ferritic-pearlitic, ndipo vutolo lidatha. Chofunikira chinali kusintha ma radius a fillet paziwongolero zamano panthawi ya mapangidwe kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe zidapangidwazo. Izi si CAD nyani ntchito; pamafunika kudziwa momwe zinthu zimayendera mu nkhungu komanso komwe kutsika kungapangitse madontho ofooka.
Ndiye pali masewera a alloying element. Kuonjezera pang'ono chromium kapena molybdenum kumatha kulimbikitsa kukana kuvala komanso kuuma, koma kumakhudzanso machinability. Simungangowonjezera onjezerani chrome osaganizira za unyolo wonse. Wopanga mnzake, Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., nthawi ina inaunikira izi pagulu la zida zopopera. Adapeza kuti zomwe tafotokozazi zikadapangitsa kuti CNC ikhale yomaliza ndikupangitsa maloto owopsa, kuwotcha zida. Lingaliro lawo loti asinthe ma alloy balance ndikusintha kutentha kwapambuyo-kuponya adapulumutsa pulojekitiyo. Uwu ndiye mtengo wa ogulitsa omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chozama komanso makina opangira pansi padenga limodzi.
Njira Yoyikira Ndi Yofunika Kwambiri Kuposa Mukuganiza
Kuponyera mchenga ndi njira kwa ambiri, koma kwa mano a gear omwe amafunikira kutsirizika kwabwino pamwamba ndi kusasunthika kuchokera mu nkhungu, kuumba zipolopolo (kuponya chipolopolo) nthawi zambiri kumakhala poyambira mwanzeru. Mchenga womangidwa ndi utomoni umapereka malo osalala kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndalama zochepa zopangira makina omaliza a mano. Kuchepa kwa makina kumatanthauza kuti mumasunga khungu lotayirira, lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala lolimba kwambiri komanso losavala.
Ndidalakwitsa koyambirira, ndikuyesa kuyimba ngati kopanda kanthu. Tinachotsa mbiri yonse ya dzino kuchokera pamchenga wopanda kanthu kwa zida zazikulu zogwirira ntchito. Chotsatira? Inavala mosagwirizana. Malo opangidwanso analibe porosity kapena mawonekedwe a graphite ngati malo oponyedwa. Phunziro: kuponya ndi sitepe yoyamba yopangira dzino la gear, osati kungopanga mawonekedwe. Apa ndipamene njira yophatikizika yamakampani, monga luso la QSY mu zonse ziwiri chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndi CNC makina, kusonyeza kufunika kwake. Amapanga ma machining datums ndi zololeza motsatana ndi kapangidwe ka nkhungu.
Kwa magiya ovuta kwambiri kapena ang'onoang'ono olondola, kuyika ndalama kumatha kukhala njira yabwino, koma ndi chitsulo choponyedwa, sizodziwika chifukwa cha kutentha kosungunuka ndi madzimadzi. Ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zida zawo zapadera za alloy. Chowonadi ndichakuti, kusankha pakati pa mchenga, chipolopolo, ngakhale kuponyera kwapakati kumakhudza kapangidwe ka tirigu, kumveka bwino, ndipo pamapeto pake, magwiridwe antchito a giya atanyamula. Muyenera kufananiza njirayo ndi kukula kwa giya, kuchuluka kwake, ndi gawo lake labwino.
Machining: Kumene Zongopeka Zimakumana ndi Zowona
Apa ndipamene maloto a geometry yangwiro amakhudza zenizeni za chida chochezera. Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala chophwanyika. Kukonza dzino la giya, makamaka kupukuta kapena kulipanga, kumafuna kukhazikika kolimba ndi zida zamtundu wina kuti zisaduke m'mphepete. Kuzizira (kapena kusowa kwake) ndi mkangano waukulu. Ena amalumbira pogwiritsa ntchito makina owuma okhala ndi ma carbides okutidwa kuti asatenthedwe ndi kutentha komanso fumbi lachitsulo losakanikirana ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito zoziziritsa kukhosi zothamanga kwambiri potulutsa tchipisi ndikuwongolera kutentha.
Ndimatsamira chowuma kapena MQL (kutsika kocheperako) kwa ambiri zida zachitsulo pambuyo pa chochitika choipa ndi madzi ozizira seepage. Tinali ndi gulu la magiya achitsulo a ductile a gearbox yaulimi. Pambuyo pa makina, zoziziritsa zotsalira zimayikidwa mu mabowo a bawuti ndi malo osungira mafuta. Zinayambitsa dzimbiri m'dera lanu panthawi yotumiza, zomwe zidadzetsa dandaulo loyipa. Tsopano, timatchula ndondomeko zotsuka bwino ndi zowumitsa pambuyo pokonza. Zikumveka zofunikira, koma izi ndizomwe zimasiyanitsa gawo labwino ndi lodalirika.
Kumaliza ntchito monga kugaya kapena kumeta nthawi zina kumafunika pa ntchito zothamanga kwambiri. Koma muyenera kusamala. Kutentha kochuluka kogaya kumatha kusintha mawonekedwe aang'ono, ndikupanga madera olimba, osasunthika omwe amatha kuphulika. Nthawi zambiri ndikwabwino kusaka kumaliza kopangidwa ndi makina apamwamba kwambiri kuchokera ku hobber kapena shaper kusiyana ndi kukonzekera pogaya zonse. Apanso, zimabwereranso kupanga ndondomeko yonse kumbuyo kuchokera ku gawo lomaliza lofunikira.
The Integrated Supplier Ubwino
Kuchita ndi maziko omwe amangothira zitsulo ndi makina ogulitsa makina omwe amangodula zitsulo kumapanga kukangana ndi kuloza zala. Giya ikalephera, woyambitsayo amadzudzula makinawo, ndipo wokonza makinawo amaimba mlandu woponyawo. Kukhala ndi gawo limodzi laudindo wazopanga komanso kukonza, monga chitsanzo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito Mtengo wa QSY, amadutsa pamenepo. Zaka makumi atatu akuponya ndi kukonza zikutanthawuza kuti awona momwe kabowo kakang'ono pamalo enaake kawonongere chida chododometsa masitepe atatu pambuyo pake. Atha kusintha kapangidwe ka mutu wa feeder kapena kachitidwe ka makina kuti abwezere.
Tidagwirizana nawo pagulu la magiya akuluakulu ochepetsera chitsulo cha ductile kwa winchi yam'madzi. Vutoli linali kukhala ndi mawonekedwe olondola a mano ndi ngodya ya helix m'mimba mwake. Chifukwa amawongolera magawo onse awiri, amatha kuyika ma flanges okwera ndikuwunika ma datums pakuponya koyipa kaye, kenako kugwiritsa ntchito zida zenizenizo kuti agwire zida zodulira mano. Izi zidathandizira kukhazikika ndikuchotsa zolakwika zochulukirapo. Simungathe kugwirizanitsa mosavuta mulingo wophatikizana ndi mavenda osiyana.
Ntchito yawo yokhala ndi ma alloys apadera imadziwitsanso kachitidwe kawo kachitsulo. Kugwira ma alloys opangidwa ndi nickel kumakuphunzitsani za kuwongolera kulimba ndi chithandizo cha kutentha kuti muchepetse kupsinjika. Chidziwitso chimenecho chimamasuliranso kupanga zokhazikika, zochepetsera nkhawa zida zachitsulo. Ndi kuphatikizika uku kwa ukatswiri wazinthu zomwe zimawonjezera phindu losawoneka bwino.
Malingaliro Omaliza: Ndi Dongosolo, Osati Chigawo
Zida zachitsulo sizipezeka mu vacuum. Kuchita kwake kumamangiriridwa ku kukhazikika kwa nyumba, kugwirizanitsa kwazitsulo, katundu wa zida zopangira mating (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zitsulo), ndi makina opangira mafuta. Kufotokozera zida za zida ndi ulalo umodzi wokha. Muyenera kuganizira dongosolo lonse la tribological. Mwachitsanzo, ma graphite flakes mu iron imvi amatha kukhala ngati mafuta olimba kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala zopindulitsa, komanso zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pazikhala zomatira ngati filimu yopaka mafuta yawonongeka.
Chotengera chachikulu kwambiri? Musatchule magiya achitsulo kuchokera m'katalogu. Lankhulani ndi bwenzi lanu lopanga pakupanga siteji. Gawani zozungulira zonyamula, malo ogwirira ntchito, zofunikira zaphokoso. Lolani zochitika zawo zothandiza ziwongolere kalasi yazinthu, njira yoponyera, ndi njira yopangira makina. Zitha kutanthauza kusankha chitsulo chotsika mtengo pang'ono kuposa chitsulo chotuwira, koma kupewa kutsekeka kosakonzekera kumalipira ndalamazo kambirimbiri.
Pamapeto pake, wopambana zida zachitsulo zimachokera ku kulemekeza khalidwe lapadera la zinthu ndi kukonza sitepe iliyonse ya chilengedwe chake kuti zigwirizane ndi khalidwe limenelo. Ndi ntchito yoyeserera, osati kungogula.
