Kusankha choyenera kuponya gawo sikutanthauza kusankha mtengo wotsika mtengo. Ndizokhudza kufananiza machitidwe azitsulo, kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe, ndi kuwongolera njira kuzovuta zenizeni zapadziko lapansi-kuthamanga kwambiri, kupalasa njinga zotentha, kuvala kwa abrasive. Tawonapo nyumba zambiri zapampopi za hydraulic zikusweka pa 3,000 psi chifukwa kulolerana kwa mchenga sikunatsimikizidwe motsutsana ndi GD&T callouts. Ena analephera kuyezetsa ntchito pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha-osati chifukwa chosasankhidwa bwino ndi aloyi, koma kuzizira kosagwirizana ndi nkhungu. Zolondola komanso zotsika mtengo sizipikisana. Amalumikizana akamapanga mapangidwe, kusankha zinthu, ndi makina opangidwa pambuyo pake amagwira ntchito ngati dongosolo limodzi.
Yambani ndi Njira Yonyamula Katundu—Osati Zojambula
Aliyense mkulu-umphumphu kuponya gawo imayamba ndi momwe mphamvu imadutsamo. Nyumba ya silinda ya pampu ya piston simangogwira madzimadzi - imasamutsa torque, imakhala ndi ma radial kuchokera pamisonkhano yozungulira, ndipo imakana kuthamangitsidwa kwa axial panthawi yamphamvu. Zomwe zimasintha chilichonse: kugawa makulidwe a khoma, kuyika kokwera, geometry ya gating. Tinapanganso thupi la valve ya cobalt-alloy kwa mpope wamatope wa mafuta posuntha chipata chachikulu kuchokera pamwamba kupita kumbali. Zotsatira zake? Anathetsa microporosity mu malo ovuta osindikizira mapewa - ndikudula zidutswa za post-machining kuchokera 18% mpaka 2.3%. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chitsulo chinayenderera mofanana ndi njira yolemetsa, osati motsutsa izo.
Izi sizongoyerekeza. Zimatanthawuza kufotokoza makulidwe ocheperako * pagawo lililonse *, osati gawo lililonse. Zimatanthawuza kuwunikanso ma angles okonzekera osati kutulutsa nkhungu kokha-koma momwe zimakhudzira kupsinjika kwapang'onopang'ono. Ndipo zikutanthawuza kuchitira shrinkage allowance osati ngati chiwerengero chokhazikika, koma ngati chosinthika chomwe chimamangiriridwa ku nthawi yokhazikika komanso kachulukidwe ka aloyi.
Kusankha Zinthu Zachinthu Ndi Chisankho Chachindunji-Osati Tsamba Lokhalokha
AMS 5387 cobalt alloy si "bwino" kuposa chitsulo cha ductile. Ndilo yankho lolondola pamene wanu kuponya gawo ayenera kusunga mphamvu zokolola pamwamba pa 650 ° C * ndi * kukana kupsinjika kwa sulfide m'malo a mpweya wowawasa. Koma alloy yemweyo amafuna kuwongolera chinyezi chambiri pakuponya mchenga - ndikuyambitsa zida zolimba ngati zitapangidwa popanda kutulutsa koziziritsa bwino komanso kusankha giredi ya carbide.
Timatsata zinthu zitatu zomwe sizingakambirane pazosankha zilizonse zakuthupi:
- Tsatanetsatane wa gulu kubwerera ku chiwerengero cha kutentha ndi malipoti ovomerezeka a mphero - osati "kungotsatira ASTM A487"
- Kutsimikizika kwa Microstructure kudzera m'zitsanzo zodutsa magawo ovuta (mwachitsanzo, kukula kwa tirigu pamalo okwera a winch center shaft rollers)
- Kutsimikizira pambuyo pa kutentha kugwiritsa ntchito mapu olimba pamizere yovuta, osati kuyesa kwa Rockwell komweko
Makasitomala aku Europe akafunikira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zopangira maziko a pampu yamadzi am'nyanja, tidayesa mayeso ofananirako pamagulu asanu ang'anjo osiyanasiyana - ngakhale onse adakumana ndi ASTM A743 Grade CF8M. Gulu limodzi linawonetsa kutalika kwa 12% panthawi yopuma chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chiŵerengero cha Mn/Si. Gulu limenelo silinachoke pansi pa maziko athu.
Kuphatikiza Kumamenya Handoff-Nthawi Zonse
Kulekanitsa kutulutsa kuchokera ku makina kumapanga ndalama zobisika: kukonzanso kuchokera ku kuwala kosayerekezeka, zidutswa zowonongeka chifukwa cha porosity yapansi yosadziwika, kuchedwa kutumizidwa kuchokera ku ndondomeko zoyendera zolakwika. Ku QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., CNC Machining fixtures adapangidwa *panthawi* yachitukuko chapatani-osati kuponya kukamaliza. Okonza mapulogalamu athu a CMM amalandila 3D scan kuchokera ku nkhungu zobiriwira zamchenga * asanayambe kutsanulira. Chifukwa chiyani? Kudziwiratu komwe kusintha kwakukulu kudzakankhira miyeso chifukwa cha kulolerana - ndikusintha makina osinthira mwachangu.
Kuphatikiza koyima uku kumapereka zotsatira zoyezeka:
- Kukhazikika kwapang'onopang'ono kumatheka ndi 40% pamatupi okakamiza a valve omwe amafunikira ± 0.025 mm kulolerana
- Kusasinthika kwapamtunda kumakwezedwa kuchokera ku Ra 3.2 µm kupita ku Ra 1.6 µm pamabowo amphuno a aloyi a cobalt-popanda kugaya kachiwiri
- Kuchepetsa nthawi yotsogolera kwa masiku 11-17 pamadongosolo apakatikati, kutsimikiziridwa pama projekiti 42 mu 2023
Zimatanthauzanso kukana zojambula "zabwino". Wogula waku North America atatitumizira tchati cha GD&T chokhala ndi mbiri yosadziwika bwino ya nyumba ya pampu ya aloyi ya T800, tidabweza mtundu wodziwika bwino womwe ukuwonetsa zomwe zingasunthike pakuwonjezedwa kwa matenthedwe - ndipo tidapereka njira ziwiri zotsogola zotsatiridwa ndi zotsatira zoyeserera za FEA.
Mtengo Wabwino Umakhala Mwatsatanetsatane Zomwe Mumawongolera
Kutsika mtengo kwenikweni kumayamba musanayambe kuthira ladle yoyamba. Ikusankha kuponya ndalama pamchenga wa pulagi yaing'ono ya cobalt-alloy-osati chifukwa ndi "yokongola," koma chifukwa imachotsa maola 3.5 akugwira ntchito pamanja pagawo lililonse ndikuchepetsa nthawi yomaliza yoyendera ndi 60%. Ikulongosola zomangira zipolopolo za ZrO₂ zokhala ndi zipolopolo za AMS 5387 zoponyera kuti mupewe kusokonekera kwapamadzi komwe kumapangidwa ndi sodium pakuwotcha. Ikuyendetsa njira zowerengera kutentha kwa nkhungu * ndi * chinyezi chozungulira - osati kutentha kokha.
Sitimayeza mtengo wa madola pa kilogalamu iliyonse, koma mtengo wonse pagawo loyenerera loperekedwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zolakwika zokhudzana ndi kuponyera (porosity, zotsekera ozizira, zophatikizika)
- Nthawi yogwira ntchito yachiwiri idawonjezedwa chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa geometry
- Maola a uinjiniya atha kuthetsa kusagwirizana pakati pa magawo opanga ndi makina
- Mtengo wazinthu zosinthira zonyamula mpweya pambuyo pakulephera kwamunda
Kwa kasitomala wina waku Southeast Asia wopangira makina opangira ma winch shaft rollers, kusintha kuchokera ku chitsulo chotuwira kupita ku EN-GJS-600-3 ductile iron yosinthidwa - kuphatikiza kuziziritsa kokhazikika komanso kuchepetsa nkhawa - kudula mtengo wokonza moyo wonse ndi 37% ngakhale mtengo woyambira wokwera ndi 22%.
Kuchita bwino kwambiri kuponya gawo kupanga kumafuna zambiri kuposa zida zoyambira kapena mphero za CNC. Zimafunika mainjiniya omwe agwira valavu yosweka ya hydraulic m'manja nthawi ya 2 koloko ndikutsata kulephera kubwereranso pamapangidwe okwera. Zimafunika akatswiri a metallurgists omwe amadziwa momwe vanadium carbides amachitira mu T800 alloy pakusintha kolimba. Pamafunika machitidwe abwino omwe amawona malo aliwonse oyendera ngati njira yolumikizira-osati mlonda. Tsogolo liri la abwenzi omwe amawona kuponya osati ngati sitepe yodziyimira yokha, koma ngati maziko a gawo lonse la moyo - kuchokera kuchitsulo chosungunuka kupita ku ntchito yofunika kwambiri.
