Mukamva 'CNC precision machining', malingaliro ambiri amalumphira molunjika mpaka kulolerana ndi ma micron-level ndi kumaliza kopanda cholakwika. Ndiwo mayendedwe amalonda, mulimonse. Chowonadi pa sitolo pansi ndi kukambirana kosalekeza pakati pa zabwino pa zojambula ndi khalidwe lakuthupi lachitsulo pansi pa chida chodulira. Ndawona mapangidwe ambiri akubwera ndi kulolerana komwe kumatchulidwa kumalo atatu a decimal pomwe awiri akadakhala akugwira ntchito bwino, chifukwa 'amawoneka' olondola. Kuthamangitsidwa kosafunikira kumeneku kumayendetsa mtengo padenga ndikubweretsa zovuta zake. Kulondola kwenikweni sikungokhudza kugunda nambala; ndi za kubwerezabwereza, kukhazikika, ndi kumvetsetsa zomwe gawolo liyenera kuchita. Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa gawo lomwe limayesa bwino kwambiri labu yoyendetsedwa ndi nyengo ndi yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino kwa zaka zambiri mkati mwa makina owopsa, onjenjemera.
Maziko: Zimayamba Pamaso pa Makina
Simungathe kuyankhula CNC mwatsatanetsatane makina osayamba kuyankhula zomwe mukuyika mu makina. Apa ndi pamene ntchito zambiri, makamaka prototyping, amapita chammbali. Chida chokonzedwa bwino chimakhala chachabechabe ngati chopangiracho chili ndi kuuma kosagwirizana kapena kupsinjika kwamkati. Ndinaphunzira izi movutirapo, kupanga magulu azitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Oyamba khumi adatuluka angwiro. Pofika gawo lakhumi ndi chisanu, tidayamba kuwona kusuntha kwapang'onopang'ono-palibe chomwe tidasintha mu pulogalamuyi chingakonze. Wolakwa? Masamba obiriwira anali ndi nkhawa yotsalira kuyambira pakugubuduza koyamba. Pamene tinkachotsa zinthu, kupsinjika kumeneku kunagawanikanso ndipo gawolo linasuntha mu vise. Yankho lake silinali makina a fancier; zinali kutanthauza zinthu zochepetsera kupsinjika kapena kuwonjezera gawo lokhazikika komanso lokhazikika lomwe lisanathe. Ichi ndichifukwa chake makampani omwe ali ndi ukatswiri wozama, monga Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ali ndi malire apadera. Ndi zaka 30 akuponya ndi Machining, iwo mwachibadwa amamvetsa kuti ulendo a wopangidwa mwaluso gawo akuyamba pa mlingo metallurgical, kaya kuchokera chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera akusowekapo kapena anapangidwa aloyi kapamwamba. Mutha kupeza njira yawo mwatsatanetsatane patsamba lawo tsngtaocnc.com.
Izi zimabweretsa kuyang'anira kwina kofala: kukonza. Ndakhala maola osawerengeka ndikuwongolera ma feed ndi liwiro, ndikungozindikira kuti phindu lenileni linali kukonzanso kachitidwe komwe kamapangitsa kuti gawolo likhale lolimba ndi 40%. Kwa nyumba ya aluminiyamu yokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala, nthawi ina tidagwiritsa ntchito fusible alloy yotsika kwambiri kuti mudzaze pabowo pakupanga makina. Zinapereka chithandizo chamkati chomwe sitinathe kupeza njira ina iliyonse, kutilola kuti tidutse mwaukali popanda macheza. Chinyengo chotere sichili mu Buku lililonse la CNC; zimachokera ku kulimbana ndi kulephera kwenikweni.
Ndiye pali kasamalidwe ka kutentha. Aliyense wamakina amadziwa kuti kuziziritsa ndi kuziziritsa, koma masewera olondola ndi okhudza kuwongolera kutentha. Kuthamanga kwa spindle yothamanga kwambiri kwa maola asanu ndi atatu kumatenthetsa makina onse, mwina madigiri angapo, koma okwanira kusuntha zero point yanu. Kuti tigwire ntchito yolimba kwambiri, timalola makinawo kuti azitha kutentha, kudula mpweya kwa mphindi 20 kuti chilichonse chikhazikike. Zikumveka zosavuta, koma kudumpha sitepeyo ndi njira yosavuta yochotsera gawo loyamba la tsikulo.
Precision mu CNC Machining ndi Dongosolo
Ndiye muli ndi katundu wabwino komanso kukhazikitsidwa kolimba. Tsopano a CNC makina center akutenga. Koma nachi chinthu: kulondola kwamakina kwa makina ndikusintha kumodzi kokha. Kupatuka kwa zida ndi chinthu chachikulu, chomwe nthawi zambiri sichimaganiziridwa. Kodi mukugwiritsa ntchito mphero yayitali, yowonda kuti mufike mthumba lakuya? Ngakhale ma microns ochepa omwe amapindika kumapeto angawononge kuwongoka kwa khoma lanu ndikumaliza. Timalimbana ndi izi ndi njira ya zida—kukwera mphero motsutsana ndi wamba, mphero ya trochoidal m'matumba kuti chinkhoswe chizikhala chokhazikika komanso kuti katundu akhale wotsika. Kuyerekezera kwa mapulogalamu kumathandiza, koma sikokwanira. Muyenerabe kumvera odulidwa. Kusintha kwa mawu nthawi zambiri kumatsogolera kusintha kwa gawo.
Tool wear compensation ndi wina wakupha mwakachetechete wa kusasinthasintha. Kwa nthawi yayitali ya magawo muzinthu zolimba ngati aloyi wopangidwa ndi faifi tambala, chidachi chimatha kuvala 0.02mm pa moyo wake. Ngati simukulipirira zomwe zili mu pulogalamuyo kapena mukufufuza mosamalitsa, magawo anu zana omaliza adzakhala osowa. Apa ndipamene kuphatikizika kwa kuponyera ndi makina pansi pa denga limodzi, monga kuchitidwa ndi QSY, kumasonyeza mtengo wake. Mukamapanga gawo lomwe mumaponyanso, mumadziwa bwino za kudulidwa kwazinthuzo, mawanga ake olimba, kusweka kwake kwa chip. Chidziwitso chimenecho chimamasulira mwachindunji ku moyo wa zida zokhazikika komanso zotsatira zodziwikiratu.
Ndipo tisaiwale chikhalidwe chaumunthu. Pulogalamu yabwino kwambiri ya CAM imafunikira katswiri wamakina yemwe amadziwa nthawi yoti apitirire kuchuluka kwa chakudya chifukwa phokosolo 'lazimitsidwa,' kapena amene amawona kuchulukira pang'ono m'mphepete mwa choyikacho chisanalephere. Kuyankha momveka bwino, komveka bwino kumeneku ndi chinthu chomwe palibe fakitale yopanda magetsi yomwe idafaniziridwabe bwino. Makinawa amatha kusuntha, koma wokonza makina amapereka chiweruzo.
Pamene Precision Ikukumana ndi Ntchito Yeniyeni Yapadziko Lonse
Ichi ndiye maziko a zonsezi. Ndikukumbukira chigawo cha hydraulic valve block. Chojambulacho chinafuna kuti galasi likhale lomaliza pa malo osindikizira. Tinazikwaniritsa mokongola. Komabe gawolo linalephera kuyesa kuthamanga. Chifukwa chiyani? Malo osindikizira anali osalala kwambiri. Zimafunika mtundu wina wa cross-hatch kuti chosindikizira chilowetse bwino. Tinayenera kubwerera ndikuwonjezera mwadala mawonekedwe olamulidwa. Limenelo linali phunziro: kulondola kuyenera kufotokozedwa ndi ntchito, osati mtengo wa Ra wokhazikika. A makina olondola ndondomeko iyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi ntchito yomaliza, kaya mbaliyo ikupita ku pampu yosapanga dzimbiri ya chakudya kapena makina opangira mpweya wotentha kwambiri.
Chitsanzo china ndi cha misonkhano. Mutha kuyika magawo awiri kuti azitha kulolerana mozama kwambiri, koma ngati simuwerengera kuchuluka kwa kulolerana pagulu, kapena ma coefficients osiyanasiyana owonjezera azinthu, sizingagwirizane kapena kugwirira ntchito limodzi. Nthawi zina, kusuntha kolondola ndikuyika mwadala gawo limodzi kumapeto kwa gulu lololera kuti lifanane ndi gawo lake lokwerera. Kaganizidwe kachitidwe kameneka ndi kofunikira.
Kawonedwe kantchito kameneka ndichifukwa chake kuphatikiza kwa mautumiki kuli kofunika. Kampani yomwe imangopanga makina imatha kulandila zolakwitsa zowoneka bwino zomwe zimapangitsa kulondola kosasinthika kukhala kosatheka. Choyambira chomwe sichimapangidwa mwina sichingapangidwe kuti chipangidwe. Wothandizira wophatikizika ngati QSY, akugwira chilichonse kuchokera ku chipolopolo cha chipolopolo ndikuponya ndalama mpaka kumapeto CNC mwatsatanetsatane makina, akhoza kukhathamiritsa ndondomeko yonse. Amatha kupanga ma datum ndi ndalama zolipirira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gawo la makina likhale lokhazikika komanso logwira ntchito bwino, mwayi waukulu pazigawo zovuta zamagulu apadera omwe amawatchula, monga cobalt kapena faifi tambala.
Mtengo Wothamangitsa Micron Yomaliza
Economics ndiye fyuluta yomaliza, yosathawika. Chiyanjano pakati pa mtengo ndi kulolerana sichiri mzere; ndizofotokozera. Kulekerera kuchokera ku ± 0.05mm mpaka ± 0.025mm kumatha kuwirikiza nthawi yopangira makina ndipo kumafuna kuwunika mwapadera. Kutenga kuchokera ku ± 0.025mm mpaka ± 0.01mm kumatha kuwirikiza kanayi. Mufunika zipinda zokhala ndi mpweya woziziritsa mpweya, zakudya zocheperako, kusintha zida pafupipafupi, mwinanso kugaya kapena kugubuduza mukamaliza. Katswiri wabwino kapena wogula wanzeru yemwe amagwira ntchito ndi shopu ngati QSY adzafunsa: Kodi mawonekedwewa amafunikira kulolerana kotani? Nthawi zambiri, kupumula gawo losafunikira la tsitsi kumatha kuchepetsa mtengo wake ndi 30% osakhudza magwiridwe antchito.
Mtengo woyendera ndi gawo la izi, nawonso. Kuyeza mpaka 0.001 kumafuna zida zosiyanasiyana (ndi kusanja) kuposa kuyeza ku 0.0001. Nthawi ya CMM imeneyo si yaulere. Njira yolimba imayang'ana kuthekera (Cp / Cpk) komwe kufalikira kwachilengedwe kwa makina opangira makina kumakhala mkati mwa gulu lololera, kotero simuyenera kuyeza gawo lililonse pagawo lililonse. Mumalamulira ndondomekoyi, osati kungoyang'ana mankhwala.
Apa ndipamene mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali ndi malo ogulitsa makina okhoza kumalipira. Amaphunzira miyezo yanu, mumaphunzira luso lawo, ndipo mukhoza kupanga mogwirizana kuti mugwire ntchito ndi kupanga. Ndizochepa potumiza RFQ yokhazikika komanso zambiri pazokambirana zomwe zimayamba, Izi ndi zomwe muyenera kuchita. Kodi tingapange bwanji bwino?
Kuyimaliza: Kulondola ngati Philosophy
Kotero, pambuyo pa zonsezi, ndi chiyani CNC mwatsatanetsatane makina? Ndi dongosolo. Zimayambira ndi sayansi ya zinthu, zimayenda mwanzeru ndondomeko yokonza ndondomeko yokhazikika, imayendetsedwa pamakina osamalidwa bwino ndi wogwiritsa ntchito waluso, ndipo imatsimikiziridwa nthawi zonse ndi ntchito yomaliza ngati chizindikiro chachikulu. Ndi mgwirizano pakati pa luso luso ndi ntchito zachuma.
Simungagule pa alumali pongotchula makina apamwamba. Zimapangidwa ndi zomwe zachitika, zomwe zimachokera kuzaka makumi ambiri zakuthana ndi zovuta pazopanga zonse, monga gulu la Qingdao Qiangsenyuan mwina lachuluka. Ndikudziwa kuti nthawi zina njira yopita ku gawo lodziwika bwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yochepetsera, kapena kufotokoza mtundu wina wa aluminiyamu, kapena kuwonjezera mphindi zisanu zochepetsera nkhawa.
Pamapeto pake, chigawo cholondola kwambiri ndi chomwe chimagwira ntchito mwangwiro, chifukwa cha moyo wake wokhazikika, pamtengo wokwanira. Zina zonse ndi manambala papepala. Luso lenileni ndikudziwa manambala omwe ali ofunika, komanso momwe mungawagulitse tsiku ndi tsiku, m'dziko lenileni, lopanda ungwiro, lonjenjemera la malo ogulitsa makina. Ndicho chowonadi chosadetsa, chofunikira cha izo.
