Mumamva 'mwambo wotayika sera' ndipo nthawi yomweyo mumaganiza zodzikongoletsera kapena zidutswa zatsatanetsatane. Ndiwo msampha wamba. Mu gawo la mafakitale, makamaka komwe ndakhala zaka zambiri, ndi chilombo chosiyana. Ndizochepa za aesthetics-choyamba komanso zambiri zothetsera vuto pomwe palibe gawo lakunja kwa alumali. Gawo la 'mwambo' si chinthu chapamwamba; ndichofunika. Zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri mumachita ndi chigawo chomwe chimayenera kupulumuka kutentha kwambiri, dzimbiri kosalekeza, kapena kupsinjika kwa makina. Ndondomeko ya sera ndi chiyambi chabe cha zokambirana zazitali kwambiri, zosokoneza kwambiri pakati pa cholinga cha mapangidwe ndi zenizeni zazitsulo.
Chipolopolo cha Nkhani: Si nkhungu chabe
Mafotokozedwe ambiri amalumpha molunjika kuchokera ku sera kupita ku chitsulo. Amalumpha gawo lovuta kwambiri, lopsa mtima: kumanga chipolopolo cha ceramic. Apa ndipamene mumapambana kapena kutaya ntchito. Sitikungoviika mtengo wa sera mumatope; tikupanga chipolopolo chomwe chimatha kupirira chitsulo chosungunuka cha 1500 ° C+ popanda kusweka, kugwedezeka, kapena kuchitapo kanthu ndi chitsulo. Pamalo ngati QSY, ali ndi zaka makumi atatu mu nkhungu za zipolopolo ndikuponya ndalama, amapeza izi. Mchitidwewu si chikondi chokha; ndi mwambo, wosanjikiza-ndi-wosanjikiza. Chinyezi chatsiku limenelo, nthawi yowuma pakati pa malaya, madontho a mchenga wa stucco - mtundu uliwonse umasiya chala chake pamapeto omaliza. Pezani molakwika, ndipo mumapeza chipolopolo chomwe chikuwoneka bwino mpaka chikagunda ng'anjo, ndiye chimalephera mowopsa. Ine ndaziwona izo. Magulu a ma valve a gawo la mafuta ndi gasi, adawonongeka chifukwa katswiri wina adathamangira kuyanika. Zipolopolozo zinkawoneka bwino, koma zinkasunga chinyezi. Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi panthawi yothira kumafanana ndi thovu lamkati ndi zitsulo zotayira. Ndilo phunziro la $20,000 la kuleza mtima.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake mgwirizano ndi mbali ya makina a foundry sikungakambirane. Tiyerekeze kuti mukuponya chopondera mu chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha duplex. Kuponyedwa kudzakhala ndi chilolezo cha stock. Gulu la makina a CNC liyenera kumvetsetsa kupotoza komwe kungachitike, momwe khungu limakhudzira, komanso komwe kutha kutha kukhala kuti akonze mabala awo moyenera. Pamene magawano akuponya ndi CNC ali pansi pa denga limodzi, monga ku Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., kuti kuzungulira kwa ndemanga kumakhala kolimba. Wopanga makina amatha kupita kumalo oyambira, ndikulozera pachipata chomwe chili ndi vuto pachitsanzo, ndipo amatha kusintha njira yolowera panjira yotsatira. Kuphatikizika kumeneko kumasintha mawonekedwe kukhala gawo lopangira.
Kusankha kwazinthu ndi gawo lina. Anthu amanena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndikuganiza kuti zatha. Koma kodi tikulankhula 304 chifukwa cha dzimbiri, kapena 17-4 PH kuti tipeze mphamvu, kapena duplex yapamwamba kwambiri pamapangidwe a chloride? Pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri, mumalumphira muzitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel monga Inconel 718. Zonsezi zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri panthawi ya mwambo wotayika sera ndondomeko. Mwachitsanzo, ma alloys a nickel ndi viscous. Samayenda ngati aluminiyamu. Dongosolo lanu la mageti liyenera kukhala lowolowa manja, kutentha kwanu kothira kuyenera kukhala kolondola kuti mupewe tsankho. Ndondomeko ya sera ya tsamba la Inconel turbine si mawonekedwe chabe; ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsera kutentha.
Kumene Mwambo Umakumana ndi Dziko Lenileni: Nkhani ya Gear Case
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yoyendetsa sitima zam'madzi. Makasitomala amafunikira nyumba yopangira zida zamagiya-njira zovuta zamkati zozizirira, zokwera zomwe zimafunika kuponyedwa mkati kuti zipewe zofooka zowotcherera, ndipo zonse zidayenera kukhala mu aloyi ya nickel-chromium kuti madzi a m'nyanja asakane. Chitsanzo cha CAD chinkawoneka choyera. Koma kuzungulira koyamba kwa prototyping kudalephera. Osati modabwitsa, koma mochenjera. Mayesero okakamiza adavumbulutsa micro-porosity mu gawo lofunika kwambiri la khoma.
Chipwe chocho, mutuhasa kulilongesa yuma yipi. Koma wolakwa kwenikweni anali sera. Kupangidwa koyambirira kwa sera kunali ndi phulusa lalitali pang'ono. Ikawotchedwa, inasiya tinthu ting’onoting’ono tosalimba kwambiri kamene kamalowa m’chigobacho, n’kupanga malo osalimba omwe chitsulo chosungunulacho chinaloŵereramo, n’kuchititsa kuti pakhale vuto. Yankho lake silinali kusintha aloyi; kunali kusinthira ku phula lopanda phulusa lochepa, lopangidwa ndi polima kuti likhale lachitsanzo. Zinawononga ndalama zambiri, koma zinathetsa vutoli. Iyi ndi ntchito ya grunt mwambo wotayika sera kuti palibe amene amayankhula. Ndi sayansi ya zinthu, osati chosema chabe.
Tinagwira ntchito ndi gulu la uinjiniya, kukonza mapangidwewo kuti aphatikizepo zojambulidwa zosawoneka bwino m'malo omwe wopanga adaganiza kuti akhoza kukhala ndi mipanda yowongoka, ndikuwonjezera nthiti zazing'ono zolimbitsa zomwe sizimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito koma zimatsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa nkhungu. Gawo lomaliza, pambuyo pa ma prototypes atatu obwerezabwereza, adadutsa mayeso onse a NDT ndi kukakamiza. Tsopano ikugwira ntchito pazombo zapanyanja. Tsamba la kasitomala litha kungowonetsa chonyezimira cha zida zonyezimira, koma kwa ife, ndi nkhani yamakemidwe a sera ndi mikangano ya makulidwe a khoma.
The Machining Handshake: No Casting is an Island
Izi ndizovuta. Simudzangopereka zojambula zosaphika. The mwambo wotayika sera ndi, mu 95% yamilandu yamafakitale, imakhala yopanda kanthu. The 'kumaliza' si buffing; ndiko kulondola kwa CNC mpaka miyeso yomaliza. Synergy apa ndi chilichonse. Ngati nyumba yoponyera ndi makina ogulitsa ndi magulu osiyana, mumataya kukhulupirika. Kulekerera kumatayika pakumasulira.
Pa ntchito yophatikizika, njirayo imakhala yosasunthika. Choyambiracho chimapanga kuponyedwa ndi malo omwe adafotokozedwa kale - awa ndi malo omwe makina a CNC adzagwiritse ntchito. Amadziwa kuchuluka kwa katundu woti asiye (nthawi zambiri 1-3mm, koma nthawi zina kuchepera 0.5mm pazinthu zovuta). Kwa kampani ngati QSY, uwu ndi mkate wawo ndi batala. Atha kuponya ma valve osapanga dzimbiri okhala ndi ma flanges ophatikizika, ndipo dipatimenti yawo yapanyumba ya CNC imaphwanya zisindikizo kumaso, kubowola ndi kubowola mabowo, ndikukhala ndi mpando wamkati wa valve-zonse zikuyimira ma datum omwewo. Izi zimatsimikizira kukhazikika ndi kuyanjanitsa komwe simungathe kukwaniritsa powotcherera kapena kuphatikiza zidutswa zosiyana.
Ndayang'ana mbali za ma chain osagwirizana. Kuponyedwa kumachokera kwa wogulitsa mmodzi, Machining kuchokera kwa wina. Wogwiritsa ntchito makinawo, kuti agunde kulolerana kolimba, atha kudula pakhungu lotayidwa ndikukhala pamalo opanda kanthu omwe sanali kuwoneka. Zakale. Kapena choyipa, cholakwika chobisika. Ikaphatikizidwa, gulu lopanga makina limadziwa 'umunthu' wa oponyayo - amadziwa komwe kucheperako kungatheke, kotero amasintha zida zawo. Atha kuyesa kuuma mwachangu pamalopo ndikudziwitsa oyambitsa kuti asinthe kutentha kwa gulu lotsatira. Chotsekeka ichi ndi chomwe chimapangitsa kupanga zowona zenizeni kukhala zodalirika.
The Alloy Conundrum: Zambiri Kuposa Deta Yambiri
Makasitomala amabwera ndi zinthu zina: ASTM A351 CF8M. Ndiwo mtundu wamba wopanda banga. Zabwino. Koma makina amakina ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa aloyiyo amawunikidwa mwachindunji ndi chithandizo chamatenthedwe pambuyo pake. mwambo wotayika sera. Mapangidwe a as-cast ndi ophwanyika, okhala ndi ma carbides otsetsereka m'malire a tirigu. Mufunika njira yothetsera kutentha kwa kutentha-kutenthetsa mpaka 1100 ° C ndikuzimitsa mofulumira kuti ma carbides abwererenso mu njira yothetsera.
Kuzimitsa ndiye chinyengo pang'ono. Kuzimitsa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ma carbides amayambiranso, kupha kukana kwa dzimbiri. Zimitsani mwachangu kwambiri pagawo lovuta, lokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala, ndipo mumayambitsa kupotoza kapena kusweka. Ndikuchita bwino. Kwa ma cobalt kapena ma nickel-based superalloys, chithandizo cha kutentha chimakhala chovuta kwambiri, nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kukalamba kuti ayambitse magawo olimbikitsa. Simungangopereka izi kwa chotenthetsera cha generic. Iyenera kukhala gawo la kayendetsedwe kake. Woyambitsayo ayenera kukhala ndi ulamuliro kapena mnzake wodalirika kwambiri pagawoli. Gawo likhoza kuponyedwa bwino ndi kupangidwa ndi makina, kuti liwonongeke mu ng'anjo. Ndaziwona zikuchitika ndi gulu la zida zambirimbiri. Zolembazo zinati adatenthedwa. Iwo sanali. Iwo analephera m'munda mkati mwa miyezi chifukwa cha nkhawa dzimbiri ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa chake? Sensa yosweka ya kutentha mu ng'anjo ya annealing yomwe sinazindikiridwe.
Apa ndi pamene ogwira ntchito nthawi yaitali ali ndi malire. Iwo apanga chikumbukiro cha mabungwe. Amadziwa kuti kutentha kwina kwa aloyi kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ena kumakonda kuthamanga kumapeto kwa silicon, komwe kumakhudza madzimadzi, kotero amatha kusintha kutentha kwa madigiri 15. Chidziwitso chamtunduwu mulibe mu bukhu; ili pa notepad muofesi ya manejala wa foundry.
Kuyang'ana Kutsogolo: Osati Kungobwerezabwereza, Koma Kuthandizira
Tsogolo la mwambo wotayika sera sikungopanga makope otchipa. Ndi za kupatsa mapangidwe omwe sangathe ndi njira ina iliyonse. Ganizirani za nsonga ya jekeseni wamafuta a monolithic okhala ndi njira zoziziritsa zamkati zomwe zimatsata mbiri ya aerodynamic-singathe kuzipanga, sizingapange. Inu munachiponya icho. Kapena choyikapo opaleshoni chokhala ndi porous pamwamba pa ingrowth ya fupa yolumikizidwa kukhala pachimake cholimba. Ndiko kuponya ndalama.
Ulusi wa digito ukukulirakulira. Tsopano, titha kutenga chitsanzo cha CAD, kuyendetsa pulogalamu yofananira kuti tidziwiretu kulimba kwa shrinkage ndi malo otentha, ndikusintha mapangidwe a mtengo wa sera pa digito musanadulire chida. Izi zimachepetsa ma prototype iterations kuchokera mwina anayi mpaka amodzi kapena awiri. Koma mapulogalamu si oracle; ndi kalozera. Mukufunikirabe kuti munthu azitha kutanthauzira zotsatira zake, kuti mudziwe kuti malo abwino a chipata chofananira angakhale zosatheka kuchotsa popanda kuwononga gawolo. Ntchitoyi sikuzimiririka; ikupita kumtunda kupita ku gawo lokonzekera digito.
Kwa wopanga, mtengo wake umasintha. Sikuti timaponyanso zitsulo. Tikukupatsirani chitsulo chogwira ntchito, chodalirika kwambiri kuchokera pamapangidwe anu adijito, zokhala ndi zida zonse komanso zokhazikika zomwe zaka makumi atatu zakuchita ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo, chitsulo, chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi zosakaniza zapadera zomwe zimakuphunzitsani. Mutha kuwona njira iyi patsamba ngati tsngtaocnc.com - sizowoneka bwino, ndizowona. Imatchula kuthekera (kuponya, makina, zida) ngati njira zolumikizirana pakuyenda kumodzi. Ndiyo nkhani yeniyeni. Mapeto ake si kupanga; ndi gawo lovomerezeka, lokonzekera kukhazikitsa lomwe linafika pa nthawi yake ndikugwira ntchito. Ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti shopu ngati QSY igwire ntchito kwazaka zopitilira 30 mumakampani ovuta. Simatsenga; ndi chidwi ndi unglamorous, mfundo zovuta zimene zimachitika pakati sera sera ndi makina CNC.
