Mukamva za 'zida zachitsulo', anthu ambiri amayerekezera chitsulo chonyezimira chosavuta, chaching'ono—cholemera chabe chosayankhula chomangirira makinawo. Ndilo lingaliro lolakwika loyamba. M'malo mwake, ndi gawo loyambira pomwe uinjiniya umayambira, osatha. Ndawonapo ma projekiti ambiri pomwe zovuta za kugwedezeka kapena kuvala msanga zidayambika ku maziko omwe amangoganiziridwa pambuyo pake. Kusankha kwazinthu, njira yoponyera, nthiti zamkati, ndi kukonza malo okwera - sitepe iliyonse ndiyofunikira. Sikuti kungolemedwa; ndi zolemetsa ndendende komanso zomveka bwino.
Chuma Si Chitsulo Chabe
Kutchula chitsulo chosungunuka kuli ngati kuyitanitsa nyama kumalo odyera - sikumveka bwino. Kwa olimba zida chitsulo maziko, timayang'ana magiredi ngati ASTM A48 Class 35 kapena 40 gray iron. Mapangidwe a graphite flake mu chitsulo chotuwira amapereka mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera, yomwe ndi mfundo yonse yotsekemera. Ductile iron (ASTM A536) ndi chilombo china, chokhala ndi mphamvu zolimba bwino komanso kukana kukhudzidwa, koma sichimanyowetsanso kugwedezeka. Kusankha kumadalira katundu wothamanga. Ndimakumbukira ntchito yamakina olongedza othamanga kwambiri komwe kasitomala amaumirira pachitsulo cha ductile kuti apeze mphamvu. Pambuyo pake tidayenera kuwonjezera zotayira zotsika mtengo chifukwa mazikowo anali kulira ngati belu. Nthawi zina, chitsulo chamtundu wa imvi ndiye yankho lolondola pantchitoyo.
Ndiye pali alloying. Pazigawo zomwe zili m'malo ovuta - ganizirani madera otsuka ndi mankhwala kapena kukhazikitsa panja - mutha kuyang'ana chitsulo chamtundu wa Ni-Resist. Ndilo mtengo wosiyana kwambiri, koma umalimbana ndi dzimbiri bwino kwambiri. Timu pa QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com) ali ndi chidziwitso pano. Ndi maziko awo mu ma alloys apadera, amamvetsetsa kuti kusankha zinthu ndi chisankho chofunikira choyamba. Mbiri ya kampani yawo imatchula zaka zoposa 30 mukupanga ndi kupanga makina, womwe ndi mtundu wa nthawi yomwe imapanga chidziwitso cha momwe zipangizozi zimakhalira pansi pa sitolo, osati pa pepala la data.
Simungathenso kunyalanyaza ndondomeko yoponya. Kuponyera kopanda zipata komanso kokwera kumatha kuyambitsa kupsinjika kwamkati kapena kufota komwe sikungawonekere mpaka makina omaliza adutsa, ndikuwononga chidutswa chamtengo wapatali. Kuponyera nkhungu za Shell, komwe QSY imagwira ntchito, kumapereka kutha kwabwinoko komanso kulondola kwenikweni poyerekeza ndi njira zina zamchenga wobiriwira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti katundu wochepa wa makina achotsedwa pambuyo pake, zomwe zimasunga nthawi ndikusunga umphumphu wa khungu loponyera. Kwa maziko omwe amafunikira geometry yoyera, yolondola yowongolera mapazi ndi mapatani a bawuti, izi ndizofunikira.
Mapangidwe: Kumene Ntchito Yeniyeni Imachitika
Chitsanzo cha CAD ndipamene maziko amapezerapo. Si chipika cholimba. Kudula mkati ndi chilichonse - kupanga gululi kuti muwonjezere kuuma kwa kulemera. Chinyengo ndikuyika nthiti kuti ziwongolere kuuma komwe kuli kofunikira popanda kupanga mawanga otentha pakuponya komwe kungayambitse ming'alu. Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito finite element analysis (FEA) tsopano pazinthu zamtengo wapatali, komabe pali luso lomasulira zotsatira. Nthawi zina pulogalamuyo imasonyeza kasinthidwe ka nthiti komwe kumakhala kovutirapo kuponya kapena kuyeretsa. Mufunika mlengi amene amamvetsa zonse nkhawa kuyenda ndi foundry mchitidwe.
Mfundo ina yomwe nthawi zambiri imaphonya: mapepala okwera. Izi ziyenera kukwezedwa, malo opangidwa ndi makina, osati kungoponyera kofiira. Kusalala ndi kufanana pakati pa mapepala ndizomwe zimatsimikizira kuti makinawo amakhala oona popanda kuyambitsa kupsinjika. Ndakhala ndikuyikapo pomwe tidakhala nthawi yochulukirapo ndikugaya maziko kuposa kulumikiza makinawo pamwamba pake-chizindikiro chodziwikiratu kuti makinawo anali otayirira kapena osatsimikizika. Wokondedwa wabwino amawona maziko ngati gawo lolondola. Kuyang'ana kuthekera kwa QSY, kuphatikiza kwawo kwa chipolopolo cha nkhungu / kuyika ndalama ndi makina amkati a CNC ndi mwayi waukulu pano. Amatha kuwongolera njira kuchokera kuchitsulo chosungunula kupita kumalo omalizidwa, zomwe zimachepetsa kulolerana kwapang'onopang'ono.
Kenako pali zowonjezera: zoyikapo zopangira ma bolts, ngalande zomangika zolumikizira mawaya, kapenanso zobwerera zoziziritsa kukhosi. Kuganizira za izi pakupanga siteji ndikotsika mtengo. Kuziwonjezera m'munda ndi zobowolera ndi zowotcherera ndizokwera mtengo ndipo zitha kusokoneza kuponya. Ndi za kuyembekezera zophatikiza makina ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito.
The Machining Handoff
Izi ndizovuta kwambiri. Kuwombera kumafika ku shopu ya makina. Ngati ikuchokera kwa wothandizira wina, sitepe yoyamba ndiyo kupeza datum. Kuponya kumatha kusuntha kapena kupindika pang'ono panthawi yozizira. Choyambira chabwino chidzapereka ma data osasinthika kapena kuchita ntchito yovuta kuti ikhazikitse. Popanda izi, katswiri wamakina amayamba ndi masewera ongoyerekeza, omwe amadya kulondola kwa gawo lomaliza.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake ophatikizira ophatikizika amapangira zomveka pazinthu zofunikira ngati an zida chitsulo maziko. Kampani yomwe imagwira ntchito zoponya ndi kupanga, monga QSY yomwe tatchulayi, ili ndi njira yolumikizirana. Opanga makina awo amatha kuuza gulu lawo loyambira ngati mawonekedwe enaake amapangitsa kuti zida zivale kapena ngati mbali yojambulira ikufunika kusintha kwa theka kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino. Kuwongolera kosalekeza kumeneku kumakhala kovuta kubwereza pochita ndi ogulitsa angapo omwe amadzudzulana pamavuto.
Mayendedwe a makinawo ndi ofunikiranso. Nthawi zambiri mumafuna makina ovuta, ndiye kuti mwina muwalole kuti azitha kuwongolera (makamaka zokulirapo), kenako amalize makina. Kudumpha mpumulo wa nkhawa kungayambitse kusuntha pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa, kuponyera kuyanjanitsa pawindo. Ndi sitepe yowononga nthawi yomwe ena amayesa kuidutsa kuti asunge sabata pa ndandanda, koma nthawi zonse zimawononga ndalama zambiri pambuyo pake.
Njira Zolephera ndi Zomwe Mumaphunzira
Maziko nthawi zambiri amalephera mwatsoka; amalephera mwakachetechete chifukwa cha kusalongosoka ndi kunjenjemera. Nkhani yodziwika kwambiri yomwe ndapeza ndi kugwedezeka kwa resonant. Ma frequency achilengedwe a maziko ali pafupi kwambiri ndi ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito makina. Itha kuyesa mayeso okhazikika ndi mitundu yowuluka, koma ikangothamanga pa 1800 RPM, msonkhano wonse umayamba kung'ung'udza. Kukonza? Nthawi zina kuwonjezera misa (kulepheretsa cholinga cha mapangidwe opepuka), nthawi zina kumawonjezera ma dampers, nthawi zina kumalimbitsa nthiti. Kukonzekera kwabwino ndikukonza mapangidwewo nthawi yoyamba ndi kusanthula kwamphamvu.
Corrosion ndi wakupha wina pang'onopang'ono. Pansi pansi pa konkire pamalo a chinyontho amatha kupukuta chinyezi ndi dzimbiri kuchokera pansi kupita mmwamba. Kupenta kokha sikukwanira. Timalongosola kukonzekera kwathunthu kwa pamwamba-kuwomberedwa, kenako choyambira chapamwamba cha epoxy ndi topcoat. Pansi pansi, nthawi zina chophimba cha bituminous chimawonjezeredwa. Ndi ntchito yosasangalatsa, koma imalepheretsa kuyimba foni zaka zisanu kutsika.
Kulephera kwakukulu kunali maziko omwe anasweka panthawi yoyendetsa. Kapangidwe kake kanali ndi kachingwe kakang'ono, kakang'ono kothandizira kachipangizo kakang'ono. Inali yolimba mokwanira kuti igwire ntchito koma sinathe kuthana ndi nkhawa yonyamulidwa ndi ma forklift m'malo olakwika. Izi zidatiphunzitsa kupanga zonyamulira zodzipatulira kapena kuyika chizindikiro chonyamulira pachojambulacho komanso pojambulapo. Wogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto si wowerenga malingaliro.
Kuyikulunga: Maziko ngati Chigawo Chadongosolo
Choncho, a zida chitsulo maziko ili kutali ndi chinthu. Ndi chidutswa chopangidwa mwamakonda chomwe chimalumikizana ndi pansi, makina, ndi chilengedwe. Kusankha wogulitsa sikungotengera mtengo pa kilogalamu imodzi yachitsulo. Zimakhudza chidziwitso chawo chazitsulo, kuyika kwawo pakupanga-kupanga, kuwongolera njira zawo kuchokera ku nkhungu kupita kumalo ogulitsira makina, komanso kumvetsetsa kwawo komaliza.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake mumayang'ana osewera okhazikika omwe ali ndi kuphatikiza koyima. Olimba ngati QINGDAO QIANGSENYUAN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. ndi zaka makumi angapo akuponya ndi makina, ndi kutchulidwa momveka bwino ntchito ndi zitsulo zotayidwa ndi zitsulo, ali pabwino kuthana ndi zovuta. Awonanso kusinthika kuchokera ku zojambula pamanja kupita ku kayeseleledwe ka 3D ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zimafunikira kuti kapangidwe kake kagwire ntchito muzitsulo.
Pamapeto pake, cholinga chake ndikuti maziko azikhala osawoneka. Ngati palibe amene angazindikire pambuyo poika - palibe phokoso lachilendo, palibe chifukwa chowongolera nthawi zonse, palibe madontho a dzimbiri pansi - ndiye kuti mwagwira ntchito yanu bwino. Imakhala maziko achete, okhazikika china chilichonse chimadalira, chomwe ndi chomwe chikuyenera kukhalira.
