Tiyeni tikambirane za mphamvu yokoka okhazikika nkhungu kuponya. Ndi amodzi mwamawu omwe amangoponyedwa mozungulira, nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi njira zonse za nkhungu zokhazikika, koma pali chiwongolero chapadera chomwe sichipezeka nthawi zonse. Maganizo olakwika ofala? Kungoti ndi mtundu wongopeka chabe, wochulukirachulukira wakuponya mchenga. Si. Fiziki ya kutsanulira, kuyang'anira kutentha kwa nkhungu yachitsulo yokha-ndiko kumene luso lenileni lili. Simukungodzaza bowo; Mukuwongolera chochitika chokhazikika pakhoma lozizira. Pezani bwino, ndipo mawonekedwe amakina ndi okongola. Pezani zolakwika, ndipo mukuyang'ana zotsekera zozizira, zosokoneza, kapena zoipitsitsa, kulephera kwa nkhungu msanga. Ndawonapo masitolo akudumphira poganiza kuti ndikusintha kosavuta kuchokera kumayendedwe awo omwe alipo, kungowotcha nthawi yambiri komanso zitsulo pozindikira kutentha kwamafuta.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri: Zonse Ndi Zokhudza Mphamvu Zotentha
Pa moyo wake, mphamvu yokoka okhazikika nkhungu kuponyera kumatanthauzidwa ndi kusowa kwa mphamvu yakunja. Chitsulo chimalowa mu nkhungu pokhapokha pansi pa mphamvu yokoka. Izi zikumveka zosavuta, koma zimalamula chilichonse. Kapangidwe ka zitseko kumakhala kofunikira - osati kungodyetsa, komanso kuwongolera chipwirikiti. Mukufuna kudzaza laminar kuti mupewe ma oxide inclusions. Tinaphunzira izi movutikira kwambiri pa ntchito yomanga nyumba yopangira mapampu apanyanja. Chomera choyambira pansi chinali chopapatiza kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aluminiyamu ilowe m'bowo. Zojambulazo zinkawoneka bwino, koma X-ray inawulula mafilimu a oxide panjira yoyenda. Kulephera kuyesa kuthamanga. Tinayenera kubwerera, kukulitsa sprue, kuwonjezera kutsamwitsa, ndikuphatikiza fyuluta ya ceramic. Zokolola zinayamba kugunda, koma kukhulupirika kwake kunatetezedwa.
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nkhungu ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, izi ndizitsulo zachitsulo kapena zitsulo, nthawi zina zokhala ndi aloyi m'madera ovala kwambiri. Iwo sali okhazikika mu lingaliro lopanda malire. Iwo amawononga ndi matenthedwe njinga. Pamwamba pamakhala ming'alu yaying'ono, miyeso imatha kusuntha. Njira yabwino ndikulemba kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira kwa ma cavities ovuta ndikukonza kukonza kapena kukonzanso. Ndikukumbukira ndikugwira ntchito ndi supplier, Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., pamabulaketi achitsulo a ductile. Zomwe adakumana nazo, zomwe zidatenga zaka zopitilira 30 popanga ndi kupanga makina, zidawonetsedwa munjira yawo. Sanangopereka nkhungu; adapereka chipika chapanjinga chotenthetsera ndipo adalimbikitsa njira yothirira mafuta pankhope za nkhungu, zomwe zimakulitsa moyo wa nkhungu ndi pafupifupi 30% kuti tigwiritse ntchito. Ndilo lingaliro lothandiza, lanthawi yayitali lomwe limachokera ku zochitika zenizeni zapashopu.
Kumene ndondomekoyi imawaladi ndi ma alloys omwe amapindula ndi kukhazikika kofulumira, kolunjika. Aluminiyamu ndi ma magnesium alloys ndi omwe amasankhidwa kwambiri. Kuzizira kochokera ku nkhungu yachitsulo kumakonza njere, kukupatsani mphamvu zolimba komanso zolimba zolimba poyerekeza ndi kuponya mchenga. Kwa china chake ngati mutu wa silinda yamagalimoto kapena bulaketi yovuta yazamlengalenga, sizingakambirane. Koma muyenera kukhala anzeru pa kusintha magawo. Gawo lakuda pafupi ndi nthiti yopyapyala lidzazizira mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana, kupangitsa kupsinjika. Nthawi zina mumayenera kuwonjezera zotenthetsera zapafupi kapena zoziziritsa mu nkhungu, kapena kupanga kuziziritsa kofananira ngati mukupita kuukadaulo wapamwamba. Ndi chododometsa.
Kuganizira Zakuthupi: Si Chilichonse Chimatsanulira Chofanana
Pamene aluminiyamu ndi positi mwana, mphamvu yokoka okhazikika nkhungu kuponyera sikuli malire kwa izo. Tachita kampeni yopambana ndi ma aloyi opangidwa ndi mkuwa komanso magiredi ena achitsulo. Koma chinthu chilichonse chimalimbana nanu mwanjira yosiyana. Aluminium imafuna kuchepa kwambiri ndipo imatha kung'ambika ngati choletsa nkhungu ndichokwera kwambiri. Ma alloys amkuwa amakhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amatha kukhala lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse —kwabwino kudyetsa, koma kungayambitse kulimba msanga m'zigawo zopyapyala ngati nkhungu yanu siyitentha mokwanira poyambira kuthamanga.
Apa ndipamene ukatswiri wa zinthu za foundry uli wofunika kwambiri. Kuyang'ana kukula kwa QSY, ntchito yawo yokhala ndi ma aloyi apadera monga opangidwa ndi faifi tambala komanso opangidwa ndi cobalt popanga ndalama amadziwitsa njira yawo ngakhale nkhungu zokhazikika. Amamvetsetsa momwe ma alloys akunja amachitira kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, kutsanulira chitsulo cha nickel mu nkhungu yachitsulo chozizira kumafunsa vuto - kutenthedwa kwa kutentha kungayambitse nkhungu kapena chitsulo kuzizira kwambiri. Kutenthetsa nkhungu ku gulu linalake, loyendetsedwa bwino la kutentha kumakhala sitepe yoyamba yofunikira, osati kuganizira mozama. Ndi tsatanetsatane yomwe imalekanitsa kuponya kogwira ntchito kuchokera ku zotsalira.
Chuma-fluidity ndi woweruza wina chete. Njira yayitali, yopyapyala pamapangidwe agawo mwina singakhale vuto pakuponya mchenga ndi nkhungu yotchinga, koma mukamazizira, chitsulocho chimatha kutentha mwachangu ndikukusiyani ndi vuto. Nthawi zambiri mumayenera kusokoneza kapangidwe kake, mwina kukulitsa khoma ndi theka la millimeter, kapena kuwonjezera kalembedwe kakang'ono komwe simunakonzekere. Ndikukambirana kosalekeza pakati pa mapangidwe abwino ndi zenizeni za sayansi.
The Machining Handshake: As-Cast Siyo Finish Line
Ochepa kwambiri mphamvu yokoka okhazikika nkhungu castings pitani molunjika kumsonkhano. Pafupifupi onse amafuna mlingo wina wa makina. Apa ndipamene kuphatikiza kwa kuponyera ndi CNC Machining pansi pa denga limodzi, monga QSY, kumapereka mwayi waukulu. Kusasunthika kowoneka bwino kuchokera ku nkhungu yosamalidwa bwino ndikwabwino, koma sikulolera kwa makina. Mudzakhala ndi machining allowance.
Chinsinsi chake ndi kusasinthasintha. Ngati njira yanu yopangira makina ili yokhazikika, zotsalira zotsalazo zimangodziwikiratu. Izi zimalola opanga mapulogalamu a CNC kukhathamiritsa zida zawo ndi zosintha. Ndakhalapo nthawi zina pomwe ogulitsa ndi makina ogulitsa makina anali magulu osiyana. Okonza makinawo amangokhalira kudandaula za mawanga olimba kapena makulidwe osiyanasiyana a khoma, amadya zida. Pamene caster ndi makina ali gawo la zokambirana zomwezo kuyambira pachiyambi, nkhanizo zimakonzedwa kapena kuwerengedwa. Woyimbayo amadziwa kuti ndi ziti zomwe zili ndi nkhope zomaliza ndipo amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti zili bwino momwemo.
Pambuyo kuponyera kutentha mankhwala ndi mlatho wina Machining. Ma aluminiyamu ambiri opangidwa kuchokera ku nkhungu zokhazikika amalandila chithandizo cha T6 ndi kukalamba. Izi zimachepetsa kupsinjika ndikuwonjezera mphamvu, koma zimabweretsanso kusuntha kwina. Wothandizira wophatikizika wolunjika amamvetsetsa izi. Atha kuchita zochizira kutentha, kenaka makinawo amawotchera, nthawi yonseyi akuwerengera kusokonekera kodziwikiratu munjira yawo yosinthira. Imawongolera unyolo wonse ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha gawo lopangidwa bwino lomwe likuwonongeka mu ntchito yachiwiri.
Zikalakwika: Maphunziro kuchokera ku Scrap Bin
Palibe kukambirana moona mtima popanda kulankhula zolephera. Kukumbukira kumodzi kowoneka bwino kumaphatikizapo gulu la aluminiyamu manifolds. Mapangidwewo anali ndi thumba lakuya, lakutali. Mapangidwe a nkhunguwo anali ndi chitsulo chapakati kuti apange icho. Tinkaganiza kuti tili ndi kasamalidwe ka matenthedwe. Zidutswa zingapo zoyamba zinali zabwino, koma pofika makumi awiri, tidayamba kuwona shrinkage porosity mthumba. Vutolo? Chitsulocho chinkatenga kutentha koma chinalibe njira yochizira bwino. Inakhala choyatsira kutentha, kenako malo otentha, kusokoneza kulimba kwa njira yomwe timafunikira. Yankho lake silinali lozizira kwambiri; zinali za kuchotsa kutentha. Tinayenera kukonzanso pachimake ndi dera loziziritsa madzi. Kunali kukonzanso kokwera mtengo komwe kunatiphunzitsa kusangotengera gawo lokha, komanso kuchuluka kwamafuta amtundu uliwonse wa nkhungu.
Vuto linanso lachikale ndikungoganizira mopitilira muyeso. Kuti mutulutse gawolo mu nkhungu yachitsulo, muyenera kulemba. Nthawi zina, kuti akwaniritse zodzikongoletsera kapena aerodynamic spec, opanga amafuna kuchepetsa. Tidayesa kuyandikira zero panyumba ya magnesium kamodzi, kudalira mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri a nkhungu ndi ejector system. Zinagwira ntchito pafupifupi makumi asanu. Kenako, kuyabwa kwapang'onopang'ono kochokera panjinga yotentha kunayamba kugwira ntchitoyo. Tinali ndi zomatira, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti tisokonezeke panthawi ya ejection. Tinayenera kuyimitsa, kukonzanso zotsekera, ndikuwonjezera zomwe tikuyenera kukhala nazo kuyambira pachiyambi. Nthawi zina, malamulo oyambira amakhalapo pazifukwa.
Kupaka mafuta ndi luso lake lakuda. Kupopera nkhungu (kusakaniza kwa graphite, silicate, kapena mankhwala ena m'madzi) kumachita zinthu zitatu: kumathandiza kumasula gawolo, kumapereka chotchinga cha kutentha kuti chiteteze kulimba, ndipo chimateteza nkhungu pamwamba. Kupopera mankhwala pang'ono kumabweretsa kumamatira. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mochulukira kapena mosagwirizana kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zingwe zozizirira komanso zopindika pamwamba. Ndi luso lamanja lomwe limatenga nthawi kuti likule. Kudzipangira tokha kutsitsi ndikwabwinoko kuti zisasunthike, koma mumafunikirabe diso lamunthu kuti muyang'ane pakumanga kapena mawanga osowa. Ndi sitepe yomwe simapeza kukongola koma ikhoza kupanga kapena kusokoneza zokolola zanu.
Niche ndi Tsogolo: Kumene Kuyenera
Ndiye, kumene mphamvu yokoka okhazikika nkhungu kuponyera kukhala m'malo opanga zachilengedwe? Sizothamanga zamamiliyoni-ndizo za kuthamanga kwambiri. Ndipo si za ma prototypes amodzi-ndizosindikiza za 3D kapena kuchita mchenga. Malo ake okoma ndi apakati mpaka apamwamba kwambiri opanga zinthu zofunika kwambiri, pomwe zitsulo zapamwamba zimatsimikizira mtengo wokwera wa zida poyerekeza ndi kuponya mchenga, koma ma voliyumu samavomereza kuwononga kwakukulu kwachuma kwamphamvu kwambiri. Ganizirani ma voliyumu kuchokera pa zikwi zingapo mpaka mwina zidutswa zikwi zana pachaka.
Tsogolo, ndikuganiza, ligona pakuwongolera njira komanso sayansi yazinthu. Zomverera zophatikizidwa mu nkhungu kuti ziziyang'anira kutentha mu nthawi yeniyeni, kudyetsa deta kuti zisinthe nthawi yothira kapena kutsitsi. Kugwiritsa ntchito zopangira zowonjezera kupanga njira zoziziritsira zofananira mkati mwa nkhungu, kuthetsa zovuta zomwe tinkakonda kulimbana nazo ndikungoyerekeza. Ndipo pamene ma aloyi amasintha, makamaka ma aloyi opepuka a magalimoto amagetsi ndi zakuthambo, kufunikira kwa njira yomwe imapereka kulinganiza kwabwino kwa katundu, mtengo, ndi voliyumu zidzasunga njira iyi kukhala yoyenera.
Ndi njira yomwe imafuna kulemekeza zikhazikitso. Palibe batani lamatsenga. Pamafunika kumvetsetsa kwakuya kwazitsulo, kusamutsa kutentha, ndi kapangidwe ka zida, zonse zimalumikizana panthawi yothira. Mukawona kampani ngati Mtengo wa QSY list kupanga zipolopolo, kuponya ndalama, ndi makina a CNC pamodzi ndi kuthekera kwawo, zimalankhula ndi malingaliro onse opanga zitsulo. Iwo akumvetsa zimenezo mphamvu yokoka okhazikika nkhungu kuponyera si chilumba; ndi cholumikizira mu unyolo womwe umayamba ndi aloyi wosungunuka ndipo umatha ndi chigawo cholondola. Ndipo kulondola unyolo ndizomwe zimalekanitsa wogulitsa magawo ndi mnzake weniweni wopanga.
