Anthu ambiri akamva 'zigawo zamakina,' amajambula chithunzi cha CAD kapena chonyezimira cham'ndandanda. Ndiwo mtundu woyera. Chowonadi, chomwe chimakupangitsani inu kugona usiku, ndi za kusintha kuchokera ku chitsanzo chabwino cha digito kupita ku gawo lakuthupi lomwe limagwira ntchito pansi pa katundu, kutentha, ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Kusiyana pakati pa kujambula ndi chigawo chogwira ntchito ndi kumene makampani enieni amakhala-ndipo pamene ndalama zambiri zimatayika pamalingaliro.
Chinyengo cha Interchangeability
Chimodzi mwa malingaliro olakwika kwambiri ndikuti gawo ndi gawo la miyeso. Mutha kukhala nazo ziwiri zigawo zamakina kuchokera kwa ogulitsa osiyanasiyana omwe amayesa chimodzimodzi pa CMM, komabe wina amalephera m'masabata ndipo winayo amakhala kwa zaka. Kusiyana sikuli mu geometry; ndi mu kayendedwe ka njere ya kufota, njira yopangira kutentha, kapena kupsinjika kotsalira kochokera ku makina. Ndawonapo zingwe zapampu zomwe zidadutsa cheke chilichonse koma zidaduka chifukwa ma cert azinthu anali abodza - chitsulocho chinali cholimba molakwika. Kusindikiza sikunatchule njira yazitsulo, koma kuuma komaliza. Ili linali phunziro la $200k.
Apa ndipamene maziko a maziko ndi makina amakhala osakambitsirana. Inu simungakhoze basi outsource kwa wotchipa bidder ndi makina CNC. Njirayi ndi gawo la mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, pa Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), ndi zaka makumi atatu akuponya ndi kupanga, angakuuzeni kuti chigoba chopangira chipolopolo cha thupi la valve chidzakhala ndi ungwiro wosiyana wa pamwamba ndi mawonekedwe apafupi ndi ukonde poyerekeza ndi kuponyedwa kwa mchenga, ngakhale mumtundu womwewo wa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Izi zimakhudza momwe mumapangira masitepe anu a CNC-machining-njira zanu, malo anu otsekera. Ngati mumakina ngati billet, mukuyambitsa kupsinjika komwe adakhala zaka 30 akuphunzira kupewa.
Zimakukakamizani kuganiza chammbuyo. Mumayamba ndi kulephera mode. Ndi kutopa? Valani? Zimbiri? Kenako mumabwereranso kuzinthu ndi kupanga. Gawo la mzere wokonza chakudya wopangidwa ndi 316L zosapanga dzimbiri silimangokhudza dzimbiri; ndi mmene zigawo zamakina zatha. Kuwala kwagalasi kumatha kuwoneka bwino, koma kumapanga timipata tating'ono tomwe timasunga mabakiteriya? Nthawi zina kuwongoleredwa, roughness yofanana kuchokera pamakina apadera a makina ndikwabwinoko. Tsambali silikuwuzani izi.
Zinthu Zakuthupi Ndi Njira, Osati Kusankha
Kutola chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi kuchokera pa menyu yotsitsa ndikuyamba kukambirana, osati kutha. Tengani Inconel 718. Zodabwitsa katundu. Koma momwe zimapangidwira motsutsana ndi momwe zimapangidwira zimapanga ma microstructures osiyanasiyana. Ngati mukuchikonza, kusiyana kwa kuuma ndi chizolowezi chogwira ntchito kumawononga zida zanu ngati mugwiritsa ntchito magawo omwewo. Ntchito ya QSY yokhala ndi ma aloyi apaderawa ikuwonetsa izi-ayenera kusintha ndondomeko yawo yonse potengera ngati katundu yemwe akubwera akuchokera ku ndalama zopangira ndalama kapena bala. The post-casting heat treatment for stress stress ndi yofunika; lumphani, ndipo gawolo lidzagwedezeka panthawi yomaliza, ndikusandutsa chigawo cholondola kukhala zidutswa.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yopanga mphete yosindikizira ya turbine. Chojambulacho chinafuna kuti aloyi yopangidwa ndi cobalt, Stellite 6, yotchulidwa kuti isawonongeke kwambiri. Tinapeza mtundu wa cast. Inkagwira ntchito mochititsa mantha kwambiri, ndipo kuvala kwa zida kunali kodabwitsa. Vutolo? Njira yoponyerayo idapanga ma carbides akulu, olimba m'matrix osalimba. Yankho, lomwe tidafikako titatha kuyesa kowawa ndi zolakwika, linali kusinthana ndi ufa wazitsulo wa aloyi womwewo, womwe unapereka kugawa bwino kwambiri, kofananako kwa carbide. Zinali zotsuka bwino komanso kuchita bwino. Phunziro: dzina la aloyi ndi njira yokhayo; njira yopanga ndi njira yophikira. Mukhoza kuwononga Chinsinsi chabwino ndi njira zoipa.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuyanjana ndi ogulitsa omwe amawongolera zonse zoponya ndi CNC makina Pansi pa denga limodzi mulibe zinthu zapamwamba; ndi njira yochepetsera chiopsezo. Pamene makina amatha kubwerera kwa woyang'anira zoyambira ndikunena kuti, Gulu ili ndi gummy, zida zikukweza, amatha kuzitsata ku kutentha kwakuthira kapena kuzizira. Malingaliro amenewo sawoneka kwa kampani yochita malonda kapena shopu yomwe imangopanga makina. Pamalo ngati QSY's, kuphatikiza kumeneko ndiye chinthu.
Kulekerera: Mtengo Waungwiro
Aliyense amafuna kulolerana kolimba. Zimamveka ngati khalidwe. Koma kufotokoza kulolerana kwa ± 0.01mm pagawo lililonse la kuponya kovuta ndi njira yabwino yochulukitsira mtengowo katatu ndikuchedwetsa pulojekitiyo. Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kulolerako ndi chiyani. Ndi yoyenera? Za ntchito? Kuti muyese bwino? Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe amodzi okha kapena awiri ovuta amafunikira kulondola koteroko. Zina zonse zimatha kumasuka kwambiri. Ndakhala maola ambiri ndi mainjiniya akukangana zololera pazinthu zomwe sizikugwira ntchito, ndikupulumutsa masabata a nthawi yopangira makina ndi mtengo wa zida.
Vuto lenileni ndikuwongolera milu ya kulolerana munjira zosiyanasiyana zopangira. Mutha kukhala ndi nyumba yokhala ndi chigoba chachitsulo chopangidwa kuchokera Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., yokhala ndi manja achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri omwe amalowetsamo. Kuchepa kwa kuponyera, datum ya makina, ma coefficients owonjezera kutentha - zonsezi ziyenera kutsatiridwa. Nthaŵi ina tinali ndi magulu amisonkhano ambiri omwe ankagwira ntchito kutentha kutentha. Pazipinda zotentha, makina osindikizira anali abwino. Koma sitinathe kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Kukonzekera sikunali kolimba kwambiri; chinali kuwerengera kosiyana kosiyana kutengera kutentha kwautumiki. Zojambulazo zinali zolondola pa 20°C, koma makinawo sanayende pa 20°C.
Apa ndipamene zaka zopitilira 30 sizomwe zimatsatsa. Ndi laibulale ya izi matenthedwe ndi makina ankachita. Sitolo yatsopano ikhoza kutsimikizira kuwunika kwa kutentha kwa chipinda ndikupereka gawo lolephera. Munthu wozoloŵera angafunse kuti, Kodi zimenezi zidzagwiritsiridwa ntchito kuti? Kutentha kozungulira ndi kotani? Kodi imayendetsedwa ndi njinga yamoto? asanayambe pulogalamu ya CNC.
Kulephera ngati Kuperekedwa
Mumaphunzira zambiri kuchokera ku gawo lomwe linasweka kusiyana ndi lomwe linagwira ntchito. Kuyesa kowononga sikungokhudza R&D; Iyenera kukhala gawo la ziyeneretso za zigawo zofunika kwambiri. Tinakhazikitsa ndondomeko ya kupsinjika kwakukulu zigawo zamakina: kuyendera nkhani yoyamba kumaphatikizapo kudula imodzi. Yang'anani kumveka kwa mkati mwa kuponyera, kuyeza kuya kwa kutentha kwa kutentha, kuyang'ana voids kapena inclusions. Ndizokwera mtengo, koma zotsika mtengo kuposa kukumbukira kumunda.
Chochitika china chinali m'mabulaketi achitsulo chachitsulo chonyamula katundu wolemera. Iwo anapambana zonse zoyendera pamwamba ndi kuyesa katundu. Koma pakudula mwachisawawa, tidapeza shrinkage porosity pafupifupi 2mm pansi pamtunda pamalo opsinjika kwambiri. Pansi pa cyclic loading, imeneyo ikanakhala malo otopa kwambiri. Malo oyambira, pamenepa, adasintha mawonekedwe awo a geometry ndi chokwera cha gawolo la geometry. Kukonzekera kunali mu nkhungu, osati Machining. Mukangoyang'ana malo omaliza, mumaphonya nkhani yomwe ikuchitika pansi.
Kusintha kaganizidwe kameneka—kuchokera pakuyang’anira kutsatiridwa ndi kuyang’anira kumvetsetsa—ndikofunikira. Imasintha dipatimenti yoyang'anira khalidwe kuchokera kwa mlonda wa pakhomo kukhala gwero la nzeru zamakono. Zimapanganso ubale wosiyana ndi wothandizira. Mukakhala ndi zokambirana zaukadaulo za kuchuluka kwa ma cell a eutectic mu iron iron kapena sigma phase embrittlement mu ma welds osapanga dzimbiri, mumachoka kwa wogula kupita kwa mnzanu. Othandizira ngati omwe ali kumbuyo tsngtaocnc.com kuchita mosiyana pamene akuwona kuti mukuyang'ana pa zovuta zomwezo zomwe iwo ali.
Njira Yabwino Yokwanira
Pomaliza, nzeru yopambana movutikira: si gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala laluso. Kufunafuna ungwiro kungakhale mdani wa magwiridwe antchito ndi phindu. Pali malire abwino omwe amafotokozedwa ndi pulogalamuyi. Bokosi lokhala ndi chivundikiro chosafunikira kwambiri silifuna aluminiyamu ya billet yamlengalenga yokhala ndi anodizing. Chophimba chachitsulo chotentha, chodulidwa ndi laser ndi deburred, chidzagwira ntchito pa 1/10 mtengo wake. Luso ndi kuzindikira molondola malirewo.
Apa ndipamene kupindula kwakukulu pazida ndi ndondomeko kumapindulira. Podziwa kuti pamalo ena owononga, chipolopolo chopangidwa bwino mu CF8M chosapanga dzimbiri chingagwire ntchito komanso aloyi yokwera mtengo kwambiri, ngati mapangidwewo ali olondola. Kapena kuti pamalo ovala, nthawi zina kuwonjezera choyikapo chitsulo cholimba, chokhazikika ndi chanzeru kuposa kupanga gawo lonse la monolithic kuchokera ku aloyi yamtengo wapatali yosamva kuvala. Ndi za kupanga dongosolo, osati chigawo chimodzi.
Pomaliza, zigawo zamakina ndi chiwonetsero chakuthupi cha zosankha chikwi —zinthu, machitidwe, kulolera, kumaliza, kufufuza. Chojambulachi ndichongoyambira chabe. Mkokomowu umachokera ku maziko oyambira ndi malo ogulitsira makina, komwe zokumana nazo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphunziridwa kuchokera ku zolephera zakale, zimasinthiratu zomwe zimangogwira ntchito. Ndizochepa pakupanga kwanzeru kwamunthu komanso zambiri zamphamvu, zobwerezabwereza panjira zambiri zolumikizidwa. Ndizo zomwe mukuguladi.
