Anthu ambiri akamva 'makina olondola kwambiri a CNC', nthawi yomweyo amaganiza za kulolerana kolimba, mwina ± 0.001 kapena kuposa. Ndilo gawo lake, zedi, koma ndi poyambira, osati mzere womaliza. Chovuta chenicheni sikungogunda manambala pajambula kamodzi; ikugunda nthawi zonse, gawo loyamba ndi nambala 10,001, kudutsa ma geometries ovuta komanso zinthu zosakhululuka. Masitolo ambiri amati amatero, koma kusiyana pakati pa kupempha ndi kupereka ndi kumene ntchito yeniyeni - ndi zolakwika zodula - zimachitika.
Maziko: Sizokhudza Makina Okha
Aliyense akhoza kugula mphero zapamwamba za 5-axis. Makinawa ndi ofunikira, koma ndi chilengedwe chozungulira chomwe chimatsimikizira kulondola kwenikweni. Ndikunena za kuwongolera chilengedwe. Tinaphunzira zimenezi zaka zambiri zapitazo. Anali ndi ntchito yokonza makina angapo a aluminiyamu sensa, okhala ndi malo enieni a 0.005mm. Mbali zina zinali zabwino kwambiri m'mawa, koma pofika masana, zinali zitasokonekera. Zinatitengera mlungu umodzi kuti tiwuwonenso kutentha kwa sitolo komwe kumangokwera 4°C kuchokera m’bandakucha kuzizira. Kukula kwamafuta mu kapangidwe ka makina, gawo, ngakhale zida zinali zokwanira kutaya chilichonse. Ndipamene tidayika ndalama zonse pakuwongolera nyengo pakupanga makina. Ndizovuta kwambiri, zopanda pake zomwe sizimawonekera m'mabuku a makina, koma sizingatheke.
Ndiye pali kasamalidwe ka zida. Kwa kampani ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., yomwe nthawi zonse imapanga zida zolimba monga zotayira za cobalt, kuvala kwa zida sizongochitika zokha; ndizosintha zomwe muyenera kuziyembekezera ndikulipira pamapulogalamu anu. Simungathe kungoyendetsa chida cholephera pamene mukuthamangitsa ma microns. Timagwiritsa ntchito njira yowunikira moyo wa zida, koma ngakhale izi zimafunikira wosanjikiza wamunthu. Phokoso la kudula, mawonekedwe a swarf - akatswiri odziwa makina amakulitsa tanthauzo lake. Kuphatikizika kwa njira zolimba komanso zodziwikiratu zomwe zimakufikitsani pamenepo.
Ndipo kupanga. Apa ndi pamene ntchito zambiri zimapita kumbali. Mutha kukhala ndi spindle yolondola kwambiri padziko lapansi, koma ngati gawolo lisuntha micron pakadutsa movutikira, zonse zili pachabe. Pazigawo zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito popanga ndalama, kupanga cholumikizira chomwe chimapereka chithandizo chokhazikika popanda kupangitsa kupsinjika kapena kupotoza ndi luso palokha. Nthawi zina, mapangidwe apangidwe ndi gawo la prototyping limatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa pulogalamu ya CAM.
Zinthu Zakuthupi: The Wild Card in Precision
Pepala lapadera la mkulu mwatsatanetsatane CNC Machining nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza khalidwe lakuthupi. Kugwira ntchito ndi mitundu ya QSY imachita-kuchokera kuzitsulo ndi zitsulo zosiyanasiyana kupita ku ma aloyi a fayilo-kutanthauza kuti simumangodula zitsulo; mukukambirana nazo. Chilichonse chili ndi umunthu wake pansi pa wodula.
Tengani 17-4 PH zosapanga dzimbiri, zinthu wamba zokwanira. M'malo ake otetezedwa, ndi gummy ndipo amakonda kugwira ntchito molimbika. Ngati ma feed anu ndi liwiro lazimitsidwa ndi malire ang'onoang'ono, simuli kungovala chida; mukupanga malo olimba omwe chiphaso chotsatira chidzavutikira, ndikuyambitsa kugwedezeka ndi kupha molondola. Muyenera kulowa pansi pa gawo lolimba la ntchitoyo molimba mtima, lomwe limamveka ngati lopanda nzeru pamene mukuyesera kulondola. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kupanga chitsulo chosasunthika cha hydraulic manifold kumafuna njira yosiyana kuti tipewe kupukuta pang'ono m'mphepete, komwe kungawononge malo osindikizira.
Mayeso enieni amabwera ndi ma alloys apadera. Tidapanga gulu la zida za turbine za Inconel 718 chaka chatha. Kupanikizika kotsalira kuchokera ku ndondomeko yopangira ndalama kunali kofunikira. Mutha kutenga chodulidwa chokongola choyamba, gawolo limawoneka labwino kwambiri pa CMM, kenako mumalitembenuza, kuyika makina mbali inayo, ndikuyang'ana mwamantha pamene ikugwedezeka. Kulondola kudatayika osati panthawi yodula, koma pambuyo poti zovuta zamkati zamkati zidagawidwanso. Njira yothetsera vutoli idaphatikizapo njira zingapo: kuzungulira kwapang'onopang'ono pambuyo povutitsa, kenako kumaliza pang'ono, kukhazikika kwina, ndipo pamapeto pake kukonza makina omaliza. Zinawonjezera nthawi ndi mtengo, koma inali njira yokhayo yotsimikizira kukhazikika kofunikira. Izi siziri mu kabuku kamene kalikonse ka Machining; zimaphunziridwa kudzera kubwerezabwereza, ndipo nthawi zina, kulephera.
The Process Chain: Kuchokera Kuponya mpaka Gawo Lomaliza
Njira yathu yophatikizika pa QSY, yophimba zonse ziwiri za nkhungu / ndalama zopangira ndalama komanso makina amkati a CNC, imapereka malo apadera. Zolondola zenizeni nthawi zambiri zimayamba kale gawolo lisanalowe mu makina a CNC. Kujambula kosapangidwa bwino kosagwirizana ndi khoma kapena kuchepera kwamkati kudzamenyana nanu njira iliyonse panthawi ya makina, ziribe kanthu momwe wolemba mapulogalamu wanu ali wabwino bwanji.
Tawona kuti kugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi mainjiniya oyambira pagawo la CAD ndikofunikira. Ndi za kupanga kwa manufacturability kuchokera mbali zonse ziwiri. Mwachitsanzo, titha kunena kuti tiwonjezere kachidutswa kakang'ono koperekera nsembe - malo oti adzazimitsidwe pomaliza - kuti tiwonetsetse kuti tili ndi chiwongolero chokhazikika cha makina athu onse. Kukonzekera kotereku kumachotsa gwero lalikulu la kusinthika.
Ulalo wina wofunikira ndikuwunika kwa nkhani yoyamba. Gulu la oimba likabwera ku dipatimenti yokonza makina, sitimangoganiza kuti chitsanzo cha CAD ndi uthenga wabwino. Tisanthula 3D-chitsanzo chojambula kuti tipange chojambula chadziko lenileni. Izi zimalola opanga mapulogalamu a CAM kuti asinthe njira zawo zamakina pang'ono kuti awerengere kusiyana kwakung'ono pamiyeso ya oponya ngati-cast. Ndi za kuzolowera zenizeni, osati kungotsatira mfundo zongoyerekeza. Izi zapulumutsa ntchito zosawerengeka kuchokera ku zinyalala poletsa chida chodulira mpweya chifukwa khoma linali locheperapo ndi 0.5mm kuposa mwadzina, kapena kugwa chifukwa linali lalitali.
Kuyeza Kulondola: CMM ndi Woweruza, Osati Wothandizana Naye
Izi zitha kumveka ngati zabodza, koma kudalira lipoti la CMM losaina ndi msampha. Makina Oyezera a Coordinate ndi zida zodabwitsa, zofunikira, koma amakupatsirani chithunzithunzi, osati kanema wathunthu. Gawo limatha kuyeza bwino patebulo la granite la CMM koma limalephera kugwira ntchito. Timayang'ana ma geji ogwira ntchito ngati kuli kotheka.
Ndikukumbukira gulu la valve lovuta kwambiri lomwe lili ndi madoko angapo. Lipoti la CMM likuwonetsa kulolerana konseko kunali mkati mwa 0.01mm - mkati mwa 0.02mm spec. Koma pamene kasitomala anayesa kusonkhanitsa, mbali zokwerera sizinkagwirizana. Nkhani yake? CMM inali kuyeza axis ya bore iliyonse mosatengera kapangidwe ka datum. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa zolakwika zazing'ono pang'onopang'ono mbali zonse, zomwe pulogalamu ya CMM idakonzedwa bwino m'malingaliro, sikunamveke momwe dziko lapansi likumvera. Tinamaliza kupanga chitsulo cholimba choyezera ntchito chomwe chimatsanzira zigawo zenizeni zokweretsa. Gawolo limayenera kudina muyeso ndikumverera kwina. Kuyeza kumeneku, osati lipoti la CMM, kudakhala komaliza komaliza.
Mapeto apamwamba ndi gawo lina la kulondola komwe nthawi zambiri sikunenedwa. Gawo limatha kukhala labwino kwambiri koma limakhala ndi mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale kuvala kwambiri kapena kulepheretsa chisindikizo choyenera. Pazinthu zama hydraulic, nthawi zambiri timatchula ndikutsimikizira ma Ra ndi Rz pamalo osindikizira ovuta. Sizokhudza maonekedwe okha; ndizokhudza magwiridwe antchito. Izi zimafunika kuphatikiza koyenera kwa njira ya zida, geometry ya mphuno ya chida, giredi yoyika, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito koziziritsira—zonse zokonzedwa bwino kuti zigwirizane ndi zinthu zenizeni zochokera kuzinthu za QSY, kaya zikhale chitsulo chodumphira kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
The Human Element: Kumene Algorithm Imayima
Pomaliza, simungathe kusankha nokha. Mapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri a CAM sangakuuzeni kuti njira inayake ya chida, ngakhale ikugwira ntchito bwino, ipanga kugwedezeka kwamtundu wamtundu wautali, wowonda. Izi zimachokera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito kapena wopanga mapulogalamu omwe adaziwonapo kale. Chidziwitso champando wa mathalauza ndi chomwe chimagwirizanitsa kusiyana pakati pa ungwiro wa digito ndi zenizeni zenizeni.
Timalimbikitsa chikhalidwe chomwe opanga makina amabwereranso kwa opanga mapulogalamu. Chidziwitso ngati kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya trochoidal pano m'malo mwachizoloŵezi cholowa m'thumba, chida chomwe chimakambidwa pomaliza ndi fumbi lagolide. Malingaliro awa, omwe nthawi zambiri amalembedwa pa munthu wapantchito kapena amakambidwa pakumwa khofi, ndi omwe amawongolera machitidwe athu mosalekeza. Imasandutsa malangizo angapo kukhala amoyo, owongolera.
Chifukwa chake, mukamayesa wogulitsa a mkulu mwatsatanetsatane CNC Machining polojekiti, yang'anani kupyola mndandanda wa makina awo. Funsani za kuwongolera kwanyengo. Funsani momwe amayendetsera kuvala kwa zida pa superalloys. Funsani chitsanzo cha momwe adachitira ndi gawo lankhondo. Mayankho awo adzakuuzani zambiri za kuthekera kwawo kwenikweni kopereka zolondola kuposa kabuku kalikonse konyezimira komwe kakanatha. Ndi muzambiri zosasangalatsa izi, kulondola kwenikweni kumapambana kapena kutayika.
