Mukamva 'zigawo za Inconel alloy,' chithunzi chomwe chilipo nthawi zambiri chimakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zosawonongeka zamainjini a jet kapena zida zakuya zapanyanja. Izi sizolakwika, koma ndizosavuta zomwe zimatsogolera ku vuto lalikulu loyamba mu bizinesi iyi: kuchitira ma Inconels onse ngati 'zitsulo zolimba za nickel.' Ndawona ma projekiti ambiri akupunthwa chifukwa wina adalemba 718 pa pulogalamu yoyenera 625, kapena kupitilira apo, adayesa kuyiyika ngati 304 yopanda banga. Mdierekezi, monga nthawi zonse, ali mwatsatanetsatane-mbiri yotentha, zosowa pambuyo pokonza, ndi zenizeni, zowuma za chip pa chida chanu chodulira.
Zinthu Zofunika Sizingokhala Mapepala Odziwika
Kugwira ntchito ndi ma aloyi awa, makamaka kwa Inconel alloy magawo zopangidwira malo opsinjika kwambiri, zikutanthauza kumvetsetsa kuti ali ndi kukumbukira. Makina omwe mumapeza amamangiriridwa mwachindunji ku unyolo wanjira. Mwachitsanzo, ndi Inconel 718, kulimbikira kwa zaka pambuyo popanga makina sikungakambirane kuti akwaniritse zokolola zodziwika bwino. Dumphani kapena kulakwitsa izo, ndipo gawolo likhoza kudutsa QA yoyamba koma kulephera mochititsa chidwi m'munda pansi pa cyclic loading. Si chinthu chomwe mumangoyitanitsa kukula kwake.
Apa ndipamene zaka 30-kuphatikiza za malo ogulitsa ndi makina ogulitsa ngati Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ndizofunikira. Sizokhudza kukhala ndi kuthekera kolembedwa patsamba; ndi za chidziwitso chodzikundikira, pafupifupi chodziwika bwino cha momwe aloyi amachitira kuchokera pakusungunuka kwawo. kuponya ndalama pitilizani mpaka kumapeto kwa CNC. Inu simungakhoze kunamiza izo. Ntchito yawo yayitali, yomwe mutha kuwona mwatsatanetsatane https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, akusonyeza kuti adutsa njira yophunzirira yoletsa tsankho m'magulu akuluakulu opangidwa ndi faifi tambala - mutu womwe wafala womwe umapangitsa kuti zinthu zamtengo wapatali zikhale zotsalira.
Ndikukumbukira nkhani ya mphete yosindikizira ya turbine. Kusindikiza kumayitanitsa Inconel 738, ngati-cast ndi makina. Kuthamanga koyambirira kochokera kwa ogulitsa ena kunali ndi zone zolimba zosagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuvala kosagwirizana. Vutoli linayambika ku kuzizira kosafanana mu nkhungu ya zipolopolo. Kukonza sikunali kokha kukonza makina; idafunikira kuyambiranso kapangidwe ka mageti ndi chokwera mu gawo loponyera lokha - lingaliro lathunthu lomwe limalekanitsa opanga zigawo ndi ma processor azinthu.
Machining: Kumene Chiphunzitso Chimakumana ndi Chida Chosweka
Awa ndiye mayeso enieni. Aliyense atha kunena kuti makina a CNC amapangira ma aloyi apadera. Kupereka mopindulitsa komanso ndendende ndi nkhani ina. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa ma alloys ngati Inconel 625 kumatanthauza kuti njira yanu yodulira ndiyo chilichonse. Kupepuka, kuzama kosasinthika, kuchulukirachulukira kwa chakudya cholowa pansi pa ntchito yolimba, ndi njira zolimba za zida ndi uthenga wabwino. Musazengereze, kapena lolani chidacho chikhalepo, ndipo mwangopanga malo olimba omwe angadye cholowa chanu china.
Kuziziritsa sikungozizira pano; ndizopaka mafuta ndi kuchotsa tchipisi. Kuzizira kwambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito chida kumakhala kofunikira kuti ntchito yakuya yakuya. Tidaphunzira izi movutikira pagulu la ma prototypes okhala ndi blade (blisks). Kuwotcherera chip kunachititsa kuti chida chiwonongeke pakati pa maola 40 akupanga makina amodzi. Mtengo wake sunali zida zokha; inali nthawi yotayika pamakina komanso kuopsa kwa workpiece yopangidwa kale. Tsopano, kuwunika kwa moyo wa zida ndi magiredi enaake a ceramic kapena carbide akuwotchedwa pokonzekera chilichonse zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel ntchito.
Ndi mu zochitika izi kuti mnzako Machining nzeru zimasonyeza. Malo ogulitsira omwe amawatenga ngati 'ntchito yapadera' ndikusintha magawo awo anthawi zonse amavutika. Sitolo ngati QSY, yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri CNC makina mwa zida zovutazi, mwina ali ndi makina opangira makina, malo osungiramo mabuku, komanso, makamaka, ogwiritsa ntchito odziwa zambiri omwe amadziwa kumveka komanso kumva kwa kudula komwe kukuyenda bwino.
Maziko Oyikira: Sikuti Zonse 'Zojambula Zolondola' Zomwe Zili Zofanana
Magawo ambiri amayamba ngati ma castings, ndipo iyi ndi foloko yofunika kwambiri pamsewu. Kuponya nkhungu ya zipolopolo ndi kuponya ndalama onse ali pamndandanda wa QSY, ndipo kusankha kumakhudza kwambiri ntchito yakumunsi. Pazigawo zovuta, zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala ya Inconel yokhala ndi ndime zamkati movutikira, kuyika ndalama ndi mfumu. Zimakupatsirani mwayi wapafupi ndi ukonde, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zodula, zovuta ku makina zomwe muyenera kuchotsa.
Koma 'near-net-shape' ndi lonjezo lomwe ndi lovuta kulisunga. Kulekerera kwapang'onopang'ono pa gawo la as-cast Inconel kumatengera kutentha kwa nkhungu, kutentha kwa kuthira, komanso mawonekedwe ake olimba a alloy. Ndawonapo gulu la ma valve pomwe makulidwe a as-cast flange amasiyanasiyana kungotaya makina a CNC, zomwe zimapangitsa tsiku lathunthu kukonzanso ndikukonzanso. Yankho lake linali lolimba kwambiri pakuwongolera kutsogolo ndikupanga mawonekedwe ake motsatira njira yoyamba yopangira makina kuti akhazikitse datum yodalirika.
Ubwino wa kuponyedwa pamwamba ndi chinthu china chobisika. Malo osawoneka bwino okhala ndi micro-porosity kapena inclusions amakhala poyambira makina anu. Mutha kukonzekera 0.5mm stock allowance, koma ngati 0.2mm yoyamba ili yodzaza ndi mawanga olimba kuchokera ku okosijeni pamwamba, chida chanu chikuyenda movutikira. Choyambira chabwino chimaphatikizanso kumalizitsa monga kugwetsa konjenjemera kapena kunyamula kowongolera kuti awonetse malo owoneka bwino, omveka pamalo ogulitsira makina - pansi pa denga limodzi kuti asaloze zala.
Kuwotcherera ndi Kukonza: Zoyipa Zofunikira
Nthawi zina, ngakhale atayesetsa kwambiri, gawo likufunika kukonzedwa pambuyo pa makina, kapena limapangidwa ngati chowotcherera. Welding Inconel ndi yapadera kwa iyo yokha. Chodetsa nkhawa chachikulu ndikuletsa kusweka kotentha ndikusunga kukana kwa dzimbiri kudera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi kutentha (HAZ). Imafunika mikhalidwe yoyera kwambiri, zitsulo zodzaza ndi zinthu zina (nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodzaza ngati 625 filler for 718 base), ndikuwongolera mosamala kutentha kwa interpass.
Phunziro lothandiza: Poyamba tinkafunika kukonza chikwama cha makina panyumba yaikulu 718. Kutentha kusanachitike ndi interpass temp idayendetsedwa bwino, koma kuzungulira kwa post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) kudachitika mwachangu. Chotsatira chake chinali kupanikizika kotsalira komwe pambuyo pake kunayambitsa kusokoneza panthawi yomaliza yotopetsa, ndikuchotsa mbaliyo. Chotengera chinali chakuti njira yowotcherera, kuphatikiza PWHT, sizowonjezera; ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga zinthu ndipo liyenera kukonzedwa ndikuthandizidwa molingana.
Awa ndi malo ena kumene kuphatikiza koyima kumathandiza. Ngati bungwe lomwelo lomwe likuchita kupanga ndi kupanga lilinso ndi ukatswiri wa uinjiniya wowotcherera, njira yonse kuyambira pakusankha zinthu mpaka kuthetsa kupsinjika komaliza ikhoza kulumikizidwa. Zimalepheretsa vuto la 'over-the-wall' pomwe njira yothetsera dipatimenti imodzi imayambitsa mutu kwa lotsatira.
Muyeso Weniweni: Kusasinthasintha kwa Volume
Kupanga prototype imodzi Inconel alloy magawo ndizovuta. Kupanga makumi asanu kapena zana zonse zomwe zili mkati ndikuchita chimodzimodzi ndiye chizindikiro chenicheni. Apa ndi pamene ndondomeko zolembedwa ndi machitidwe owongolera amalipira. Ndi za repeatability: yemweyo mchenga zikuchokera kwa zisamere pachakudya, yemweyo matenthedwe mbiri ng'anjo kutentha kutentha, yemweyo toolpath njira ndi kuvala zipinda pa CNC pansi.
Kwa kampani ngati Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., zaka makumi ambiri akuponya ndi kupanga makina mwina zikutanthauza kuti apanga makinawa, nthawi zambiri kudzera mukuyesera ndi zolakwika. Tsamba lawo loyambira limatchula ntchito ndi ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt ndi zitsulo zopangidwa ndi nickel, zomwe zimandiuza kuti mwina ali ndi chithandizo chazitsulo ndikuyesa ma labu m'nyumba kapena ophatikizidwa mwamphamvu. Izi ndizofunikira kuti zitsimikizidwe za batch ndi traceability, zomwe sizingakambirane pazamlengalenga, mphamvu, kapena ntchito zamankhwala.
Pamapeto pake, mbali zopambana za Inconel sizongongokhala ndi mphero ya 5-axis kapena ng'anjo yolowera vacuum. Ndi za chidziwitso chosonkhanitsidwa, nthawi zina chowawa, cha momwe zinthu zimayendera, kuchita, ndi kulephera pa sitepe iliyonse kuchokera kumadzi kupita ku gawo lomaliza. Ndi kukambirana pakati pa mapangidwe, sayansi ya zinthu, ndi pragmatism ya shopu pansi. Izi ndi zomwe mukuyang'ana kwa ogulitsa-osati mndandanda wa zida, koma umboni wa zokambirana zomwe zapambana zomwe zachitika, mobwerezabwereza, kwa zaka zambiri.
