Anthu ambiri akamva za "kutaya kwa aluminiyamu ya sera", amawonetsa gawo lopanda cholakwika, lowoneka ngati ukonde, lokonzeka kupita. Ndilo maloto otsatsa. Zowona, zomwe mumangophunzira m'sitolo, ndikukambirana kosalekeza pakati pa madzi, kuchepa, ndi kufunafuna kosalekeza kwa mkati mwamkati. Sizongopanga mawonekedwe; ndi za uinjiniya chochitika cholimba chokha. Ambiri amachitenga ngati luso lakuda kapena, choyipa, chinthu china pamndandanda wogula. Chowonadi ndi chakuti, ngati simukuganiza za kapangidwe ka tirigu kuyambira pomwe mukupanga phula la sera, muli kale kumbuyo.
Lingaliro Lolakwika Lachikulu: Zonse Zili Zakulondola kwa Dimensional
Makasitomala atsopano, ngakhale mainjiniya odziwa ntchito, amabwera mokhazikika pakulolera kolimba. Iwo amafuna dimensional mwatsatanetsatane ndalama kuponya ndi otchuka. Ndipo zedi, pa bulaketi yosavuta, ndicho cholinga choyambirira. Koma ndi aluminiyumu, makamaka pazigawo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kapena makina, zokambirana ziyenera kusuntha. Mtengo weniweni wa anataya ndondomeko sera chifukwa aluminiyumu sikuti imatha kupirira +/- 0.005 kulolerana. Ndi kuti mukhoza kukhudza mmene chitsulo amaundana. Mutha kulondolera kuchepa kwa chakudya, osati khoma lofunikira. Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa gawo lomwe limawoneka bwino ndi lokhalitsa.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yopangira nyumba za drone. Chitsanzo cha CAD chinali chokongola, chokhala ndi makoma owonda komanso njira zovuta zamkati zoziziritsira. The prototypes woyamba anatuluka dimensionally angwiro. Adadutsa cheke cha CMM ndi mitundu yowuluka. Koma pakuyesa kugwedezeka, adalephera m'munsi - kusweka kwa brittle. Vutolo? The kuponyedwa kwa aluminiyumu kulimba molunjika kwambiri, ndikupanga chimanga chambewu pamalo pomwe pali kupsinjika. Ma geometry adalimbikitsa. Tinayenera kubwerera, osati ku pulogalamu ya CNC, koma ku mapangidwe a mtengo wa sera. Tidawonjezerapo mazenera ozizirira bwino mu chipolopolo cha ceramic m'malo enaake kuti tilimbikitse kumera kwambewu komweko. Idawonjezera masiku awiri pagawo lachitsanzo, koma idasintha gawolo kuchokera pamilu ya zinyalala kupita ku gawo lodalirika.
Apa ndipamene ma generic foundries amapunthwa. Adzakhomerera pamwamba koma amaphonya zitsulo. Kampani yomwe imapeza izi, monga QSY (Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.), sikuti imangogulitsa zoponya; amagulitsa ndondomeko yokhazikika yolimba. Ndi maziko awo mu ma alloys apadera, amamvetsetsa kuti kasamalidwe kamafuta ndi chilichonse, kaya mukutsanulira ma superalloys kapena aluminiyamu ya A356. Malingaliro amenewo ndi ovuta.
The Wax Stage: Kumene Nkhondo Imapambana (kapena Yatayika)
Chilichonse chimadalira pa chitsanzo cha sera. Ubwino wake, kusasinthasintha kwake, kutentha kwake panthawi ya msonkhano. Msoko waung'ono, kusinthasintha pang'ono kwa kuthamanga kwa jakisoni-izi sizimangokhudza kutha kwa pamwamba; amapanga mawanga ofooka mu chipolopolo cha ceramic chomwe chingayambitse kuthamanga kapena zipsepse panthawi ya kutsanulira. Timayendetsa sera yathu pamtunda wokwera pang'ono kuposa momwe bukuli likunenera. Imayenda bwino muzambiri za nkhungu, imachepetsa chipwirikiti, ndipo imapereka mawonekedwe owuma. Kugulitsana ndi nthawi yayitali yozungulira ndikusamalira mosamala kwambiri. Koma pazigawo zovuta, sizokambirana.
Kusonkhana, kapena kukwera mitengo, ndi luso lina. Momwe mumakondera mapatani, kukula kwa phula la sera - izi zimatsogolera kutuluka kwa aluminiyumu yosungunuka. Mukufuna kudzaza pang'onopang'ono, bata, osati kuwombana kwaphokoso. Ndawonapo madzi akuwonongeka chifukwa mtengowo udali woyima kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chigwere pakati ndikutsekera mpweya m'mabowo akunja. Tsopano, timapanga mitengo yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono a helical. Zikuwoneka ngati zazing'ono, koma zimalimbikitsa kudzaza kozungulira mofatsa. Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zing'onozing'ono, zosasangalatsa zomwe simungazipeze m'buku lophunzirira, lobadwa chifukwa chowonera mazana akutsanulira ndikutsegula zing'onozing'ono.
Kuwongolera chilengedwe cha sera ndi nkhondo yosalekeza. Chinyezi m'chilimwe chingayambitse kutuluka thukuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zipolopolo zikhale zovuta. Tinali ndi mabulaketi am'mlengalenga kamodzi pomwe chipolopolocho chinkangong'ambika panthawi yotulutsa phula. Zinatitengera sabata kuti tibwererenso ku kusintha kosawoneka bwino kwa nyengo kwa sera ya polima kuchokera kwa omwe amapereka, zomwe zidasintha mphamvu yake yokulitsa matenthedwe. Kuzungulira kwa autoclave kunali kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa gululo. Tsopano, timayesa chipolopolo chaching'ono pazatsopano zilizonse zobweretsa sera. Ndizovuta, koma zotsika mtengo kuposa kulephera kwathunthu kupanga.
Chipolopolo: Ceramic Si Ceramic Yokha
Zambiri zimangoyitanitsa slurry yochokera ku zircon komanso zosunga zobwezeretsera za silika. Ndilo buku lamasewera lokhazikika. Koma mdierekezi ali m'miyendo ya dip ndi kukhazikika kwa stucco. Pazojambula za aluminiyamu zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala, pamafunika chipolopolo cholimba kuti chitha kupirira kukakamiza kwachitsulo koma chotha kuloleza kuti mpweya utuluke. Zovala zosunga zobwezeretsera zambiri, ndipo mumayika pachiwopsezo cha gasi porosity; zochepa kwambiri, ndipo mutha kuthyoka chipolopolo kapena kung'ambika kotentha pakuponya.
Tasamukira ku njira yosinthidwa chifukwa cha ntchito yathu ya aluminiyamu yodalirika kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito masikoti a 200-mesh pa malaya achiwiri ndi achitatu m'malo molumphira molunjika ku zinthu zomata. Zimapanga makulidwe ofananirako komanso kumaliza bwino pamwamba pamtunda wakuya. Komanso, tapeza, imachepetsa mitsempha - zipsepse za ceramic zokhumudwitsa zomwe zimaduka ndikulowa pamalo oponyera. Imawonjezera kuzungulira kowonjezera, kotero ndiyokwera mtengo, koma imachepetsa kwambiri nthawi yomaliza. Pakutha kwa magawo mazana angapo, masamu amathandizira ife.
Kuyanika ndikusintha kwachete. Kuthamangitsa kuyanika pakati pa malaya ndiye vuto lofala kwambiri m'sitolo yotanganidwa. Kuyanika kosakwanira kumatsogolera ku zipolopolo zosanjikiza zomangika bwino pakati pa malaya. Panthawi yotentha kwambiri, kutentha kwa nthunzi kuchokera ku chinyezi chotsalira kumatha kuwononga chipolopolo kuchokera mkati. Tinakhazikitsa lamulo lovuta: chinyezi chozungulira pamwamba pa 70%? Kuwonjezako kwa maola 4 pa nthawi yowumitsa pamalaya onse. Palibe zotsutsana. Zinachedwetsa ndandanda koma zinathetsa gulu lonse la kulephera kwachinsinsi kwa zipolopolo.
Kuthira: Kuposa Kungodzaza Nkhungu
Kutsanulira aluminium mu a kutaya sera ndondomeko silili ngati kudzaza mchenga nkhungu. Chigoba cha ceramic ndi chotentha, pafupifupi 1000 ° C, ndipo chitsulo chimazizira mofulumira. Muli ndi zenera mwina 10-15 masekondi a fluidity ogwira ntchito wamba ndalama. Dongosolo la gating liyenera kugwira ntchito mwangwiro. Nthawi zonse timatenthetsa ma ladle athu. Chingwe chozizira chimatha kutsitsa kutentha kwachitsulo pa 20-30 ° C panthawi yakusamutsa, kupha madzi ake asanagunde kapu ya sprue.
Kuthira komweko kuyenera kukhala kopitilira, mtsinje wokhazikika. Palibe kuyimitsa, palibe kuthira, palibe kukokera. Mukufuna kukhalabe ndi mphamvu ya metallostatic yosalekeza kukankhira zitsulo kumalo akutali kwambiri a nkhungu. Timaphunzitsa gulu lathu lothira kuti liwonere kupsinjika kumbuyo mu kapu ya sprue. Ngati ikukwera mofulumira kwambiri, zikutanthauza kuti nkhungu ikudzaza movutikira. Nthawi zina, muyenera kuchepetsa kutsanulira kwapakati pa mtsinje, zomwe zimamveka ngati zotsutsana. Ndi luso logwira. Ndayima pamenepo ndi amisiri atsopano, kuwatsogolera: Mukumva zimenezo? Chikho chikulemera msanga. Khalani omasuka ... tsopano mokhazikika.
Titathira, tinkakonda kuti nkhungu ziziziziritsa mumlengalenga. Kulakwitsa kwakukulu kwa ma geometries ena. Tinali ndi zovuta pakung'ambika kotentha pazigawo zosintha kwambiri. Zigawo zopyapyalazo zikalimba ndi kuphatikana, kung’amba mbali zomwe zikadali zosungunuka, zokhuthala. Tsopano, tili ndi mabokosi otsekedwa odzazidwa ndi vermiculite. Timasamutsa nkhungu zotentha molunjika kwa iwo kuti aziwongolera, oziziritsa pang'onopang'ono. Zimawonjezera sitepe ina, koma kwenikweni ndi chithandizo cha kutentha mu nkhungu chomwe chimachepetsa nkhawazo. Tinathetsa pafupifupi 80% yamavuto athu otentha amisozi usiku umodzi.
Machining & Chiyanjano ndi Mashopu Monga QSY
Apa ndi pomwe mphira umakumana ndi msewu. A wangwiro aluminium Investment cast ndi yabwino ngati malo ogulitsa makina omwe amamaliza. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mtundu wa zoyambira zomwe zimapanganso makina a CNC, monga momwe mumawonera Ntchito ya QSY, ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Amamvetsa ulendo wonsewo. Tikapanga ma casting, timaganizira kale za malo okonzera, ndalama zolipirira katundu, komanso kuthekera kwa kupsinjika kotsalira komwe kungathe kupotoza gawolo likamangika ndikudula.
Pali vuto lachikale: kuponyedwa kumatuluka ndi miyeso yokongola, koma makina akamadula koyamba, mawonekedwe apamwamba amasintha kapena chida chimangolankhula. Nthawi zambiri, ndi malo ocheperako apansi panthaka kapena kuzizira pang'ono komwe kafukufuku wa CMM sanakhudzepo. A foundry amene amaponya yekha adzadzudzula Machining magawo. Malo ogulitsa makina omwe makina okha ndi omwe anganene za kuponya. Wothandizira vertically integrated amayenera kuthetsa izo mkati. Iwo akhoza correlate machining anomaly kubwerera ku kuthira kutentha kapena chipolopolo pre-kutentha pa mtanda enieni. Kubwerezabwerezako ndikofunika kwambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, zomwe QSY idakumana nazo pakupanga makina olimba a cobalt ndi ma nickel alloys amamasulira mwachindunji ku aluminiyamu. Malingaliro awo ndi okhudza kuchotsa zinthu zodziwikiratu kuchokera ku gawo laling'ono kwambiri. Amadziwa kuti kuponyedwa komwe kumapangidwira mphero ya 5-axis, mungafunike kuwonjezera kachidutswa kakang'ono, kopereka nsembe pa nkhope yosafunikira kuti mukhale okhazikika panthawi ya makina, chinachake chopangidwa mwangwiro chikhoza kukana ngati chinthu chosafunikira. Ndikawonedwe komaliza mpaka kumapeto komwe kamasintha njira ya prototyping kukhala njira yabwino yopangira. Sikuti mukungogula zowonera; mukugula chitsimikizo kuti zikhala zodziwikiratu pansi pa chida chodulira.
Lingaliro Lomaliza: Ndi Njira, Osati Chogulitsa
Kotero, ngati muchotsa chinthu chimodzi, chikhale ichi: anataya sera aluminiyamu kuponyera ndi mndandanda wa njira zodalirana. Kukulitsa ulalo umodzi pakudzipatula nthawi zambiri kumaphwanya wina. Sera imakhudza chipolopolo, chipolopolo chimakhudza kudzazidwa, kudzaza kumakhudza kapangidwe ka tirigu, ndipo kapangidwe kambewu kamakhudza chilichonse chomwe chimabwera pambuyo pake. Kupambana kumabwera chifukwa chowona ngati dongosolo limodzi lokhazikika.
Makampani omwe akuyenda bwino mu danga ili, omwe mungadalire zambiri kuposa mawu osavuta, ndi omwe alowetsa mkati mwa machitidwe awa. Amakhala ndi zipsera chifukwa cha zolephera zakale—zipolopolo zong’aluka, zibowo, ziwalo zokhotakhota—ndipo amamanga mfundo zawo mogwirizana ndi maphunzirowo. Mawebusayiti awo, ngati a Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., atha kulembetsa mautumiki monga kuponya nkhungu ndi makina a CNC padera, koma phindu lenileni ndi momwe amakakamizika kuziphatikiza. Ndizomwe zimapereka gawo lomwe silimangokumana ndi kusindikizidwa, koma limagwira mdziko lenileni. Ndizosokoneza, zobwerezabwereza, komanso zodzaza ndi kunyengerera. Koma ikadina, palibe njira yabwinoko yopangira gawo la aluminiyamu yovuta, yogwira ntchito kwambiri.
