Anthu ambiri akamva mawu akuti 'metal roller,' amafanizira ndi silinda yosavuta komanso yolimba. M’chenicheni, apa ndipamene pali maganizo olakwika oyambirira. Mawuwa amakhudza chilengedwe cha zigawo zikuluzikulu, kuyambira pa conveyor idler mpaka pamtima pa mphero, ndi chirichonse chapakati. Kupangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika pagawo lapadera ndikulakwitsa kokwera mtengo komwe ndakhala ndikukuwona nthawi zambiri. Sikuti m'mimba mwake ndi kutalika kwake; ndi za kuyanjana kwa zinthu, kutsirizitsa kwapamwamba, mphamvu zotentha, ndi ma profiles a katundu omwe amalekanitsa gawo lomwe limakhalapo kuchokera ku lomwe limalephera msanga.
Zofunika Kwambiri: Zosankha Zakuthupi ndi Njira
Kusankha zinthu zoyambira ndi foloko yeniyeni yoyamba pamsewu. Ponyamula katundu wambiri, chitsulo cholimba cha kaboni chikhoza kuchita. Koma yambitsani kutentha, dzimbiri, kapena kupanikizika kwambiri, ndipo muli m'gawo la alloy. Apa ndipamene opeza omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chakuya amakhala ovuta. Ndagwirapo ntchito ndi Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY) pama projekiti angapo ndendende chifukwa cha zaka 30 akusewera. Sangotsanulira zitsulo; amamvetsetsa momwe ma alloys amachitira popsinjika. Pazodzigudubuza zotentha kwambiri, tidasankha aloyi yopangidwa ndi nickel kudzera mu kuponya ndalama ndondomeko. M'malo mwake - kupanga kuchokera pa bala yolimba - kukanakhala kodula kwambiri komanso kuwononga.
Njira yothetsera vutoli imadalira zambiri. Kuponya nkhungu ya zipolopolo ndiabwino kwambiri popanga ma geometries akulu, osavuta pang'ono muchitsulo kapena chitsulo, zomwe zimapatsa mtengo wabwino komanso ungwiro wapamtunda. Koma panjira zovuta zozizirira zamkati zomwe timafunikira mu makina osindikizira, kuponya ndalama inali njira yokhayo yokwaniritsira kulondola kwa mawonekedwe apafupi-ukonde popanda makina ochuluka a postcast. The as-cast surface kuchokera ku ndondomeko yabwino yopangira ndalama nthawi zina ikhoza kuchepetsa nthawi yomaliza yopera kwambiri.
Kulephera kumodzi komwe kumandimamatira kunali kuyesa koyambirira kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (304) chodzigudubuza pamalo ochapira pang'ono acidic. Tinaganiza kuti inali 'yopanda banga,' kotero iyenera kuyimirira. Idakhala m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Nkhani sinali kusankha kalasi pa se, koma kutentha kwapambuyo-kuponya ndi kuzizira. Wopereka katunduyo panthawiyo adadumpha kusuntha koyenera, ndikusiya pamwamba kukhala pachiwopsezo. Tsopano, nthawi zonse timatchula osati aloyi, monga 316L kapena 17-4 PH, komanso ndondomeko yeniyeni ya kutentha ndi zofunikira zapansi. Kampani ngati QSY, yolembedwa pa tsngtaocnc.com, imapeza izi; ukatswiri wawo mu zosakaniza zapadera zikutanthauza kuti iwo akuganiza za masitepe pambuyo processing kuyambira pamene aloyi wasankhidwa.
Precision ili kumapeto: The Machining Dance
Kuponya kumakupatsani 80% pamenepo. 20% yomaliza - kulondola kwa dimensional, kukhazikika, ndi kumaliza kwapamwamba - ndipamene makinawo amatengera. Iyi ndiye gawo lodzipangira kapena lopuma. Chogudubuza chimatha kuponyedwa bwino kuchokera ku aloyi wapamwamba kwambiri, koma ngati chapangidwa kuchokera pakati kapena ndi makulidwe osagwirizana ndi khoma, chimanjenjemera, chimapangitsa kuvala kosagwirizana, ndikuwononga zomwe akukonza.
Timatsamira kwambiri CNC makina za izi. Kwa odzigudubuza pagalimoto, kulolerana kwa magazini onyamula nthawi zambiri kumakhala mkati mwa mazana angapo a millimeter. Chovuta ndikusunga zolekerera izi ndikuwongolera kupsinjika kotsalira muzitsulo. Kudula kwambiri panjira imodzi kungayambitse nkhawa yomwe imasokoneza mbaliyo pambuyo pake. Ndi pang'onopang'ono, zambiri methodical ndondomeko roughing ndi kumaliza. Ndimakumbukira chodzigudubuza cha pepala chokhala ndi mainchesi akulu pomwe timayenera kuyankha kuti gawolo lidapatuka pakupanga makina. Tidagwiritsa ntchito mpumulo wosasunthika ndikusintha magawo odulira munthawi yeniyeni kutengera mayankho ochokera kwa katswiri wamakina-chinthu chomwe chimafunikira wogwiritsa ntchito yemwe amamvetsetsa zakuthupi, osati makina okha.
Chofunikira chomaliza chapamwamba ndi gawo lina. Mapeto a galasi la filimu laminator roller amapezeka kudzera mukupera pang'onopang'ono ndi kupukuta, nthawi zambiri ndi ma abrasives a diamondi. Koma 'mirror finish' ndizosamveka. Timatchula ma Ra (avareji ya roughness). Ra ya ma micrometer 0.2 imamveka bwino, koma pamapulogalamu ena apamwamba, tifunika kutsika mpaka 0.05. Kukwaniritsa izi pa chogudubuza chachitali kumafuna bedi lolunjika bwino komanso njira yosamala. Kupanda ungwiro kulikonse komwe kuli mumayendedwe oyambira kumatumiza telegraph. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mgwirizano pakati pa oyambitsa ndi makina ogulitsa ndi wofunikira kwambiri. Akakhala pansi pa denga limodzi, monga ku QSY komwe kuponyera ndi makina a CNC akuphatikizidwa, opanga makinawo amatha kubwereranso kuzinthu zoyambira za subsurface porosity kapena kuuma kusiyanasiyana, ndikupanga malingaliro olimba kwambiri kuti akhale abwino.
Zowopsa Zogwiritsa Ntchito ndi Zosintha Zenizeni Zapadziko Lonse
Zolemba zamabuku zimakumana ndi zenizeni zapafakitale. Nkhani yachikale ndi kukula kwa kutentha. Tinapanga chogudubuza chotenthetsera cha mzere wa pulasitiki wowonjezera, kuwerengera kukulitsa kutengera mphamvu ya alloy. Chimene sitinawerengere mokwanira chinali kutentha kwa kutentha kumaso ngati chinthu chotenthetsera chamkati chalephera mbali imodzi. Kukula kosiyanako kunayambitsa uta pang'ono, wokwanira kupanga kusiyana kwa makulidwe mu pepala la pulasitiki. Kukonzekera sikunali kupanganso chodzigudubuza, koma kukonzanso katulidwe ka cartridge yotenthetsera ndikuwonjezera masensa ambiri a kutentha m'litali kuti aziwongolera bwino.
Mutu wina wodziwika bwino ndikukhala ndi nkhawa pampando. Pa chodzigudubuza chothamanga kwambiri, ngakhale kuyenda kwapang'onopang'ono pakati pa magazini ya roller ndi mpikisano wamkati kungayambitse dzimbiri, zomwe zimatseka mayendedwe. Yankho lake nthawi zambiri limaphatikizapo kufotokoza zolimba pang'ono komanso nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira zapadera pamagazini. Ndizinthu zazing'ono zomwe sizimawonekera m'mitundu yoyambirira ya CAD koma zimakhala nkhani yodalirika kwambiri.
Ndiye pali bwino. Kulinganiza kwamphamvu kumaperekedwa kwa chilichonse chomwe chimazungulira mwachangu. Koma kusasunthika kumafunikanso, makamaka kwa odzigudubuza akulu, oyenda pang'onopang'ono. Tinali ndi cholozera chansalu chachikulu chomwe chimawoneka bwino. Koma pa liwiro lake logwira ntchito, kusalinganiza kwa magalamu ochepa chabe kumapeto kunapanga chikwapu chomwe chinawononga m'mphepete mwa nsalu. Phunziro: nthawi zonse tchulani giredi yoyenera (mwachitsanzo, G2.5 pakugwiritsa ntchito RPM) ndi ndege zowongolera. Musaganize kuti shopuyo ikudziwa; fotokozani.
Pamene Muyezo Siwokwanira: Mwambo Geometry
Zokambirana zambiri zimayang'ana pa masilinda owongoka. Koma mapulojekiti ena ovuta kwambiri amaphatikiza mbiri yakale. Zodzigudubuza, zodzigudubuza za korona (zooneka ngati mbiya), kapena zodzigudubuza zokhala ndi ma helical pamayendedwe apaintaneti. Iliyonse imakhala ndi zovuta zopanga zapadera. Mwachitsanzo, chogudubuza chokhala ndi korona chimafuna kutembenuka kwa CNC kolondola ndi kopindika. Kuyeza kwa korona-kusiyana pakati pa pakati ndi mapeto a diameter-kukhoza kukhala gawo limodzi la magawo khumi la millimeter pamtunda wa mamita awiri. Kukonza ndi kutsimikizira zomwe zimafuna luso.
Kwa chodzigudubuza chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba, kuthwa komanso kusasinthasintha kwa mizu ya groove ndikofunikira. Kugwiritsa ntchito chida chodulira chokhazikika kumasiya utali wozungulira. Ngati mapangidwewo akufuna ngodya yakuthwa, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kufotokozera EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) mutatha kutembenuka koyamba, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo ndi nthawi. Ndiko kusinthanitsa komwe kumayenera kufulumira pakuwunikanso kapangidwe kake. Kodi ngodya yakuthwayo ndiyofunikira, kapena ikungojambula chifukwa palibe amene adayifunsa?
Poyamba tinkafuna chogudubuza chachikulu chokhala ndi tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono m'litali mwake - mtundu woipa. Kuchikonza kuchokera ku cholimba kukanakhala vuto lalikulu la kupeza zida ndi nthawi. Tidagwira ntchito ndi gulu la mainjiniya ku QSY kuti tipange mawonekedwe oyambira mu gawoli pogwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo chawo, chomwe chidasiya katundu wochepa kuti makina omaliza a CNC ayeretse. Idapulumutsa pafupifupi 30% m'maola opangira makina ndipo idatulutsa gawo lamphamvu chifukwa kutuluka kwa njere kwachitsulo kumatsata mizere. Ndiwo mtengo wamtengo wapatali womwe mumapeza kuchokera kwa ogulitsa omwe amaganiza monse momwe mungapangire komanso kupanga makina.
Chosawoneka: Kusamalira ndi Kuzungulira kwa Moyo
Wopangidwa bwino wodzigudubuza zitsulo iyenera kupangidwira moyo wake wonse, osati kungoyika koyamba. Izi zikutanthauza kuganizira momwe zidzasamalidwe. Kodi pali mabowo okhala ndi ulusi wokoka? Kodi zokutira pamwamba kapena plating angakonzedwenso? Kwa chogudubuza chokhala ndi chrome, kodi chingavulidwe ndi kupakidwanso pambuyo pa zaka zambiri, kapena zinthu zoyambira sizigwirizana ndi kuzungulira kwachiwiri?
Zolemba ndi gawo la izi. Wogulitsa wodalirika amapereka ziphaso zakuthupi, ma chart a kutentha, ndi malipoti oyendera. Mukafuna chodzigudubuza chofanana patatha zaka zisanu, muyenera kudziwa zomwe mudali nazo. Ndimasunga dossier yonse pama roller ovuta, ndipo ogulitsa abwino kwambiri, monga omwe ndawafotokozera, amapereka izi popanda kufunsidwa. Ndi chizindikiro kuti amaima kumbuyo kwa ndondomeko yawo.
Pomaliza, kulephera kusanthula. Pamene wodzigudubuza walephera-ndipo onse amatero-momwe amalephera amafotokozera nkhani. Kudumphira pa pepala lokhala ndi chizindikiro kumawonetsa kuchulukira kapena kukwanira. Kuwona kwa kutentha pamwamba kumasonyeza mavuto ozizira. Mng'alu wowopsa ukhoza kuyambika chifukwa cha cholakwika choponya pansi. Kutenga nthawi yochita kufa kwa post-mortem pa wodzigudubuza wolephera kumadziwitsa kapangidwe kake, kutseka kuzungulira. Zimasintha kusweka kukhala mfundo yophunzirira, yomwe ndi chizindikiro chenicheni cha zochitika zothandiza, zogwira ntchito m'munda uno.
